SCRIPTING ESSENTIALS

Unit 2
What is Scripting Language?
● All scripting languages are programming languages.
● The scripting language is basically a language where instructions
are written for a run time environment.
● They do not require the compilation step and are rather
interpreted.
● It brings new functions to applications and glue complex system
together.
● A scripting language is a programming language designed for
integrating and communicating with other programming
languages.
● A scripting language is used to write scripts. These contain a

series of commands that are interpreted one by one at runtime

unlike programming languages that are compiled first before

running.
● Scripts are generally associated with web development where they

are widely used to make dynamic web applications.

● Scripting languages can be divided into two categories:
●Server Side Scripting Languages
●Client Side Scripting Languages
● Server-side scripting languages create the scripts that run on the
server and hence minimize the workload of a browser. The functionality
of your website is written in those scripting languages. The most
commonly used server-side scripting languages are Perl, Ruby,
Python, PHP, etc.
● Client-side scripting languages create the scripts that run on the client
side (i.e. your browser). Client side scripting functions can run after a
webpage has loaded without communicating with the server. For
example, a JavaScript function may check a web form before it is
submitted to make sure all the required fields have been filled out. The
JavaScript code can produce an error message before any information
is actually transmitted to the server.Some good examples are
JavaScript, jQuery, CSS etc.
Examples of Scripting Languages

● bash: It is a scripting language to work in the Linux interface. It is a lot easier to use bash to create
scripts than other programming languages. It describes the tools to use and code in the command line
and create useful reusable scripts and conserve documentation for other people to work with.
● Node js: It is a framework to write network applications using JavaScript. Corporate users of Node.js
include IBM, LinkedIn, Microsoft, Netflix, PayPal, Yahoo for real-time web applications.
● Ruby: There are a lot of reasons to learn Ruby programming language. Ruby’s flexibility has allowed
developers to create innovative software. It is a scripting language which is great for web
development.
● Python: It is easy, free and open source. It supports procedure-oriented programming and object-
oriented programming. Python is an interpreted language with dynamic semantics and huge lines of
code are scripted and is currently the most hyped language among developers.
● Perl: A scripting language with innovative features to make it different and popular. Found on all
windows and Linux servers. It helps in text manipulation tasks. High traffic websites that use Perl
extensively include priceline.com, IMDB.
Advantages of scripting languages
● Easy learning: The user can learn to code in scripting languages quickly, not much
knowledge of web technology is required.
● Fast editing: It is highly efficient with the limited number of data structures and variables
to use.
● Interactivity: It helps in adding visualization interfaces and combinations in web pages.
Modern web pages demand the use of scripting languages. To create enhanced web
pages, fascinated visual description which includes background and foreground colors
and so on.
● Functionality: There are different libraries which are part of different scripting
languages. They help in creating new applications in web browsers and are different
from normal programming languages.
Application of Scripting Languages
● Scripting languages are used in web applications. It is used in server
side as well as client side.
● Server side scripting languages are: PHP, Perl etc. and client side
scripting languages are: JavaScript, AJAX, jQuery etc.
● Scripting languages are used in system administration. For example:
Shell, Perl, Python scripts etc.
● It is used in Games application and Multimedia.
● It is used to create plugins and extensions for existing applications.
Factor Scripting Language Programming Language

Type of Interpreter based Compiler based

language
Usage To combine existing components To develop from scratch

Running Inside other program (dependent) Independent of a parent program

Conversion High level instructions converted to Full program converted to machine language in one
machine language time

Design Makes coding simple and fast Gives full use of language

Compilation No need to compile Needs to compile first

File type Does not create a file type Creates a .exe file

Coding type It is a small piece of code It is a full code of a program

Time to develop Less time as required less code More time as you need to write the full code
Complexity Easy to write and use Difficult

Interpretation It is interpreted in another program Stand-alone compile result, no need to be

interpreted by another program

Length Only a few and short lines of coding Numerous lines for every function

Hosting Requires a host Self-executable, no host needed

requirement

Support Limited or no support to user interface Rich support to user interface design, data
design, data types, and graphic design types, and graphic design

Cost Low maintenance High maintenance

Example JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Perl, VB Script, etc. C, C++, Java, Pascal, C#, VB, Basic,
COBOL, etc.