Application of animal biotechnology in

drug development

•Production of human insulin

•Monoclonal antibody

•Human growth hormone

•Vaccines

•Gene therapy
 Monoclonal antibody

• Antibodies derived from a single clone of cells which

recognize only one kind of antigen, are called mono­clonal
antibodies. 
• The technique of producing monoclonal antibodies by fusing
normal antibody-producing cells with cells from cancerous
tumors was introduced by Georges Kohler and Cesar Milstein
in 1970.
Monoclonal antibodies are used as-
• to measure the amount of steroid hormones
• to study antigens on the surface of cancer cells.
• An anticancer drugs
• to remove toxins from the bloodstream.

• One of the most effective applications of monoclonal

antibodies is immune suppression for kidney transplantation.
 Gene therapy
• Gene therapy is the use of DNA as a pharmaceutical agent to
treat disease.
• This method consists of repairing or replacing mutated genes.
• It is used to treat cancer, AIDS, SCID, Gaucher disease,
rheumatoid arthritis, a1-antitrypsin deficiency, hepatitis,
parkinson’s disease and others.
 Vaccines

• A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides

active acquired immunity to a particular disease.

• eradicates smallpox, tetanus, polio, measles,

mumps, chickenpox and typhoid

• Therapeutic vaccines also used for cure AIDS, cancer or

tuberculosis.
 Production of human insulin

• Production of genetically engineered human insulin was one

of the first breakthroughs of biotechnology in the
pharmaceutical industry
• Controls the absorption of glucose from the bloodstream and
• Regulate the level of glucose in blood.
 Human somatostatin hormone

• Somatostatin inhibits the secretion of somatotropin by the

pituitary gland as well as some other hormones such as insulin
and glucagon.
• It is used to treat acromegaly (excessive production of
somatotropin) and
• Its analogs are used as anticancer drugs.
Application of animal Biotechnology in transplantation

• Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which an

organ is removed from one body and placed in the body of a
recipient, to replace a damaged or missing organ.
Techniques for Organ Regeneration
1. Cell therapy
2. Tissue-engineering
3. Generation of organs using a blastocyst complementation
system
4. Generation of a functional organ from a single adult tissue
stem cell