Approximately 15 million people in Southeast Asia are infected with lymphatic filariasis. The main causative agents are Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. W. bancrofti accounts for over 90% of cases and is transmitted by Mansonia, Anopheles, and Aedes mosquitoes, while B. malayi and B. timori are transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus. Endemic countries in the region include Cambodia, Lao PDR, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, and Timor-Leste, which are working to eliminate transmission by 2020 through mass drug administration programs.
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Original Title
REPORT-FILARIASIS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA-Ecology of Human Diseases group report
Approximately 15 million people in Southeast Asia are infected with lymphatic filariasis. The main causative agents are Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. W. bancrofti accounts for over 90% of cases and is transmitted by Mansonia, Anopheles, and Aedes mosquitoes, while B. malayi and B. timori are transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus. Endemic countries in the region include Cambodia, Lao PDR, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, and Timor-Leste, which are working to eliminate transmission by 2020 through mass drug administration programs.
Approximately 15 million people in Southeast Asia are infected with lymphatic filariasis. The main causative agents are Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. W. bancrofti accounts for over 90% of cases and is transmitted by Mansonia, Anopheles, and Aedes mosquitoes, while B. malayi and B. timori are transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus. Endemic countries in the region include Cambodia, Lao PDR, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, and Timor-Leste, which are working to eliminate transmission by 2020 through mass drug administration programs.
Kenneth Frias Jenny Maubog MS Microbiology UPHSL Historical Background Species Distribution: • W. bancrofti - sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, Indian subcontinent, Pacific islands, and main areas of Latin America and Caribbean • B. malayi - China, India, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Pacific islands • B. timori - Timor Island of Indonesia • Approximately two-thirds of individuals infected with lymphatic filariasis are in Asia. • The epidemiology of lymphatic filariasis is changing due to implementation of a global program of mass drug administration (MDA) to eliminate transmission. • More than 90 percent of cases of lymphatic filariasis are due to W. bancrofti, while the remainder is due largely to B. malayi. • Estimates suggest that as many as 36 million infected individuals are seriously incapacitated and disfigured by lymphatic filariasis At present time: • Approximately 15 million people with lymphatic filariasis live in Southeast Asia. • The endemic countries are: Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand and Timor-Leste, which have all agreed to eliminate transmission of the disease by 2020. Transmission and Life Cycle Chronic Conditions due to Lymphatic Filariasis Filarial Morphology Wuchereria bancrofti
• White in color and almost transparent.
• Male worm is smaller, 40 mm long and 100 μm wide. • Female is 60 to 100 mm long and 300 μm wide. • Adult males and females are most often coiled together and are difficult to separate. Brugia malayi - typically smaller than adult W. bancrofti Brugia timori • The microfilariae of Brugia timori are longer and morphologically distinct from those of Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti, with a cephalic space length-to-width ratio of about 3:1. Mosquito Vectors Filarial Species and Mosquito Vectors: • Wuchereria bancrofti - transmitted by Mansonia, Anopheles, and Aedes vectors Filarial Species and Mosquito Vectors: • Brugia malayi and Brugia timori - both transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus (Pacific regions) Thank you very much.