WELCOME TO THIS SESSION

CONFLICT & CONFLICT MANAGEMENT

BY- K. HORIGOPAL
LECTURE-01

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 Q. WHAT IS CONFLICT?
• Conflict is natural disagreement resulting
from individuals or groups that differ in
attitudes, beliefs, values or needs. It can
also originate from past rivalries and
personality differences.
• On the other hand conflict is an inevitable
part of human existence, either in
organizational life or in one’s personal life.
Whenever and wherever people work
collectively, conflict is likely to occur.
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Continuing
• Perhaps we can also say that in all
human endeavors, if cooperation is one
side of the coin , conflict is the other.
• Conflict tends to occur at several
plateaus, between two or more
individuals, groups, or even nations.
Thus conflict has to be viewed from
both the micro and the macro
perspectives.
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• Conflict may occur between two
individuals as in the case of superior
vs. subordinate, husband vs. wife,
house owners vs. tenant, etc.
• Groups may be drawn into conflict
with each other on the basis of caste,
community and ethnic differences or
union management rivalries.
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 Q. CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
• Conflict management is a process where
conflict can be controlled at reasonable
limit so that it can not be spread out the
whole organization and organization can
achieved their desired goal.
 Conflict management is the process of
understanding analysis & resolution of
disagreement between parties.
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 Q. What is the nature of
conflict.
• What is the nature of conflict? How does it
affect the individual and the organization? The
general assumptions is that conflict tends to
have negative consequences for both the
individual and the organization.
• Examine your state of mind, You are tense,
uneasy, extremely anxious and probably
unable to concentrate on your work.

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• Naturally in such situations, your
performance is adversely affected.
Decisions made may not be appropriate.
Occasionally, they might even be
unrealistic or irrational. Thus conflicts
tend to impair one’s efficiency.
• Sometimes, conflict is also observed to
give rise to certain maladjusted behaviors
in individuals trying to cope with it .
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• This include alcoholism, drug abuse,
excessive smoking, under eating or
overeating and extremely aggressive or
submissive behavior.
• Apart from the above psychological and
behavioral consequences, conflict has also
certain physiological consequences in that
certain changes take place within the
physiological system which are often
ignored or unnoticed.
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• Some of the changes that within the
system are
– More adrenalin and noradrenalin are
shot into the blood and continue the
state of arousal and excitation.
– Speed up of the heartbeat, dilation of the
arteries of the skeletal muscles and the
heart and increase in blood pressure.

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 –Digestion is affected as the
stomach ceases to function
properly.
–More of hydrochloric acid is
secreted into the stomach

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• Due to some physiological changes that take
place within the system over a period of time
the hormonal balance may be disturbed.
• When a person is exposed to severe conflict
situations regularly , because of hormonal
imbalances, he/she may develop certain
psychosomatic disorders such as peptic ulcer,
respiratory problem ( like asthma), high blood
pressure and even coronary problems.

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 • Hence it may be understood that
conflict not only affects an
individual’s performance but
also gives rise to psychosomatic
disturbances which undermine
the health of the individual.

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Q. Reactions to intense conflict
situations.
• Psychological responses
– Inattentiveness to other things
– Lack of interest in work
– Job dissatisfaction
– Work anxiety
– Estrangement or alienation from other
– Frustration
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• Behavioral responses
– Excessive smoking
– Alcoholism
– Under eating or overeating
– Aggression towards others or work
sabotage.
– Decreased communication
– Resisting influence attempts
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• Physiological responses-
psychosomatic disorders such as
– Peptic ulcers
– Respiratory problems such as asthma
– Hypertension
– Headaches
– Coronary problems

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Q. Biochemical reactions of the body in
an intense conflict situation

• Dilation of pupils
• Flow of saliva inhibited
• Acceleration of heartbeat

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 • Dilation of bronchi
• Inhibition of peristalsis and
secretion of digestive juices
• Conversion of glycogen to bile

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 Q. THE INGREDIENTS OF CONFLICT.

• Needs- Needs are things that are

essential to our well being . Conflicts
arise when we ignore others needs, our
own needs or the groups needs . Be
careful not to confuse needs with
desires ( things we would like but are
not essential).

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• Perceptions- People interpret reality
differently. They perceive differences
in the severity, causes and
consequences of problems.
• Misperceptions or differing
perceptions may come from: Self
perceptions, others’ perceptions,
differing perceptions of situations and
perceptions of threat.
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• Power – How people define and use
power is an important influence on the
number and types of conflicts that
occur.
• This also influences how conflict is
managed. Conflicts can arise when
people try to make others change their
actions or to gain an unfair advantage.

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• Values- Values are beliefs or principles we
consider to be very important. Serious
conflicts arise when people hold
incompatible values or when values are not
clear.
• Conflicts also arise when one party refuses
to accept the fact that the other party holds
something as a value rather than a
preference.
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• Feeling and emotions- Many people let
their feelings and emotions become a
major influence over how they deal with
conflict.
• Conflicts can also occur because people
ignore their own or others’ feelings and
emotions. Other conflicts occur when
feelings and emotions differ over a
particular issue.
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