MOTHERBOARD

Presented By

Name - Sachin
Roll no – 20156
Branch - cse
 INTRODUCTION
Motherboard is a main (PCB) printed circuit board.
Where are all the components or devices are connected directly
and indirectly.
 T Y P E S O F MOTHERBOARD

• INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD
• NON INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

• DESKTOP MOTHERBOARD
• LAPTOP MOTHERBOARD
• SERVER MOTHER BORD

•
• AT MOTHERBOARD
• ATX MOTHERBORD
 TYP E S O F MOTHERBOAR D
BASED ON D E V I C E S THEY
SUPPORT

• Integrated motherboard

• Non integrated motherboard

 INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

An integrated system board has multiple components integrated into

the board itself. These may include the CPU video card , sound
card and various controller cards.
NON INTEGRATED MOTHERBOARD

Non integrated system board uses installable components and

expansion cards. For example, non integrated system board may allow
you to upgrade the video card by removing the old one and installing a
new one. Non integrated motherboard typicaly have several PCI
expansion slots as well.
TYPE S O F MOTHERBOARD
BASED ON FO R M
FAC TO R

1. AT
2.
ATX
 AT MOTHERBOARD
AT MOTHERBOARD IS A MOTHERBOARD WHICH HAS
DIMENSIONS OF THE ORDER OF SOME HUNDRED
MILLIMETERS, BIG ENOUGH TO BE UNABLE TO FIT IN
MINI DESKTOP.
 AT X MOTHERBOARD
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY EXTENDED,OR POPULARLY
KNOWN AS THE ATX, ARE THE MOTHERBOARD WHICH
WERE PRODUCED BY THE INTEL IN MID 90`S AS AN
IMPROVEMENT FROM THE PREVIOUSLY WORKING
MOTHERBOARD SUCH AS AT.
TYPE S MOTHERBOARD
BASED ON U S E

1. Desktop motherboard
2. laptop Motherboard
3. server motherboard
 DESKTOP MOTHERBOARD

• Desktop motherboard are used in personal or

desktop computer. As it is used for application at
home and in office, this type of motherboard is the
most basic type
 LAPTOP MOTHERBOARD

• Laptop motherboard is used to connect different parts of a laptop

system. These motherboard generally have very advanced
features as compared to the desktop motherboard and most of
the functions have been integrated into the laptop motherboard
 S E RV E R MOTHERBOARD

• Server motherboard are more advanced then desktop motherboard

and are designed to offer high -end service which
are more reliable and ready to operate in 24*7 environments.
 MANUFA C T U R E R S OF
MOTHERBOARD

Motherboard are available in various sizes and configurations. Some

motherboard support 32 and 64 bit processor as well operating
system. It is manufacturers by many companies such as.
1. Asus
3. Intel
3. MSI
4. Gigabyte.
AS U S M OT H ERBOARD
INTEL MOTHERBOARD
GIGABYTE MOTHERBOARD
MSI MOTHERBOARD
 FORM FACTOR MOTHERBOARD

REPRESENT THE SIZE OR SHAPE OF MOTHERBOARD

1. ATX
2. MICRO ATX
3. LPX
4. NLX
5. BTX
SEE MORE……..
 AT X MOTHERBOARD

• IMPROVEMENT DONE IN EASLY TO USE, SUPPORT FOR

CURRENT AND FUTURE I/O, AND ALSO TO CURRENT AND
FUTURE TECHNOLOGY.
 MICRO ATX M OT H E R B OA R D

• SUPPORTS CURRENT AND NEW PROCESSOR

TECHNOLOGIES . AGP (ACCELERATED GRAPHICS PORT)
TO HAVE HIGH PERFORMANCE GRAPHICES
 LPX MOTHERBOARD

.BASED ON DESIGN BY WESTERN DIGITAL.

.Usually found in desktop pc’s.
. High quality product at low cost but makes difficult to
upgrade and repair.
 N L X MOTHERBOARD
• support current and future processor technologies.
• also support new AGP and tall memory technology.
• installing and upgrading the system is easy.
 BT X MOTHERBOARD
The BTX, or Balanced Technology Extended form factor, unlike
its predecessors is not an evolution of a previous form factor but
a total break away from the popular and dominating ATX form
factor
 MOTHERBOARD CO M P ONENTS
1 CLOCK GENRATER
2. CPU socket
3. Memory Socket Memory error checking
4. BIOS RAM
5. CMOS Ram
6. Battery
7. Chipset
8. Expansion Slot
9. AGP Port
10. IDE Ports
11.SERIAL PORTS

12. Floppy Disk port

13. IO Connectors/USB ports USB port add more printer
ports
14. Main Power Connector1
15. Front Panel Connecting Pin
16.CPU FAN SOCKET
17.NORTH BRIDGE
CPU COMPONENTS
 CHIPSET

• Chip set is a set of IC.

• The combination of
the North and
Southbridge in a computer
is Called
the chipset.
 SUPER I\O
CHIP
SUPER I/O CHIP IS A SINGLE CHIP WHICH CANTROLS
SLOWER I/O DEVICES WHICH ARE NOT CONTROLLED BY
SOUTH BRIDGE.
 MEMORY SOCKET( DIMM
SOCKET
• There are 3 types of memory that currently popular used in the PC,

1. RD RAM
2. DDR RAM
3. SD RAM
CO NT I NUE… .
RDRAM Memory
-Used in Pentium 4 motherboard
- 2 Notches
-highest performance and is most
expensive.

DDR ram
-128 MB, 256 MB, 512 MB.
-medium high performance and
medium price.

SDRAM
-lowest performance and lowest
price.
 CPU SOCKET

• A CPU socket or slot is an electrical

component that attaches to a printed
circuit board (PCB) and is designed to
house a CPU (also called a
microprocessor).
• It is a special type of integrated circuit
socket designed for very high pin counts.
• CPU sockets on the motherboard can
most often be found in most desktop
and server computers (laptops typically
use surface mount CPUs), particularly
those based on the Intelx86 architecture.
The CPU and RAM Communication

The RAM The CPU

contains data processes data.
and programs.

The data bus transports the

processed data to the RAM so
it can be stored, displayed, or
output.
 ROM Bios
Read-Only Memory can
be read but not
changed.
It is non-volatile storage: it remembers its contents
even when the power is turned off.

ROM chips are used to store the instructions a

computer needs during start-up, called firmware.
Some kinds of ROM are PROM, EPROM, EEPROM,
and CD-ROM.
 CMOS BATTERY

o This is a 3 volt battery, this

battery supplies the power
to CMOS ram for CMOS
ram to retain the
information during
powered off, the system
may be last for 5 or 6 years.
• ITS MAIN WORK TO battery
SET DATE AND TIME
 EXPANSION SLOT ( PCI )
• Expansion slot or Expansion bus is the slot that enable the user to add
the adapter card for additional function to the system

Example.
 Sound card or Multimedia
 LAN card.
 SCSI controller card.
 Internal Modem card.
 TV tuner card.
 Additional hard disc controller card.
 (AGP
PORT)
AGP ( Accelerated Graphic Port ) port is a high speed data transfer
port, this port is used by the display adapter card that demands so
much data with in short period of time.
I/O USB PORTS
 Selecting a Motherboard
• Some questions to ask when picking a motherboard
– What form factor does the motherboard use?
– Does the motherboard provide proper CPU support?
– What type of BIOS does the motherboard use?
– Does the board fit the case you plan to use?
– What is the warranty on the board?
• Embedded (on-board) component
– Component located on the board
– Avoid board with too many embedded components
• Such boards do not easily accept add-on devices