Behavior Problems

of Children and
Youth
REPORTER :
Ronoel V. Clapis
CONTENTS
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD )
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
( ODD )

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Anxiety Disorder
attention deficit hyperactivity diso
rder (ADHD)
• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental health diso
rder that can cause above-normal levels of hyperactive and impulsive
behaviors. People with ADHD may also have trouble focusing their att
ention on a single task or sitting still for long periods of time.
• Both adults and children can have ADHD.
• is one of the most common childhood disorders. ADHD is a broad ter
m, and the condition can vary from person to person.
ADHD symptoms

• having trouble focusing or concentrating on tasks

• being forgetful about completing tasks
• being easily distracted
• having difficulty sitting still
• interrupting people while they’re talking
Types of ADHD
• Predominantly inattentive
As the name suggests, people with this type of ADHD have extreme diffi
culty focusing, finishing tasks, and following instructions.
Experts also think that many children with the inattentive type of ADHD
may not receive a proper diagnosis because they don’t tend to disrupt t
he classroom. This type is most common among girls with ADHD.
• Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type
People with this type of ADHD show primarily hyperactive and impulsive behav
ior. This can include fidgeting, interrupting people while they’re talking, and no
t being able to wait their turn.
Although inattention is less of a concern with this type of ADHD, people with pr
edominantly hyperactive-impulsive ADHD may still find it difficult to focus on ta
sks.
• Combined hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive type
This is the most common type of ADHD. People with this combined type of AD
HD display both inattentive and hyperactive symptoms. These include an inabili
ty to pay attention, a tendency toward impulsiveness, and above-normal levels
of activity and energy.
The type of ADHD you or your child has will determine how it’s treated. The typ
e you have can change over time, so your treatment may change, too
Oppositional defiant disorder
Around one in ten children under the age of 12 years ar
e thought to have oppositional defiant disorder (ODD),
with boys outnumbering girls by two to one. Some of t
he typical behaviours of a child with ODD include:

• Easily angered, annoyed or irritated

• Frequenttemper tantrums
• Argues frequently with adults, particularly the most familiar adults in t
heir lives, such as parents
• Refuses to obey rules
• Seems to deliberately try to annoy or aggravate others
• Low self-esteem
• Low frustration threshold
• Seeks to blame others for any misfortunes or misdeeds.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability that can
cause significant social, communication and behavioral challenges. Th
ere is often nothing about how people with ASD look that sets them a
part from other people, but people with ASD may communicate, inter
act, behave, and learn in ways that are different from most other peo
ple. The learning, thinking, and problem-solving abilities of people wit
h ASD can range from gifted to severely challenged.
Children or adults with ASD might :
• not point at objects to show interest (for example, not
point at an airplane flying over)
• not look at objects when another person points at the
m
• have trouble relating to others or not have an interest
in other people at all
• avoid eye contact and want to be alone
• have trouble understanding other people’s feelings or
talking about their own feelings
Anxiety Disorder
• An anxiety disorder is a type of mental health condition. If you have a
n anxiety disorder, you may respond to certain things and situations w
ith fear and dread. You may also experience physical signs of anxiety, s
uch as a pounding heart and sweating.