Lesson 6.

Metamorphic Rocks
 identify and differentiate
Objectives 1 the types of metamorphic
rocks; and
At the end
of the describe the origin and
lesson, you environment of
should be 2
formation of
able to: metamorphic rocks.
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Metamorphic Rocks
• Metamorphic rocks are rocks
that have been altered, changed,
or transformed in the solid state
due to changes in pressure,
temperature conditions, and
chemical actions of hot fluids.

Examples of metamorphic rock

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Formation of Metamorphic Rock

• Metamorphism is like the chameleon changing its color to
protect itself by blending into its environment.

• The goal of metamorphism is like the chameleon which is to

reestablish equilibrium with the new conditions.
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Formation of Metamorphic Rock

Changes in minerals during metamorphism can happen in
three possible ways.

1. Recrystallization occurs when small crystals of one

mineral will slowly convert to fewer, larger crystals of the
same mineral without melting the rock.
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Formation of Metamorphic Rock

2. Neomorphism is the process whereby minerals not only
recrystallize, but also form different minerals from the
same chemical elements.

3. Metasomatism is the the addition or loss of elements

new minerals form with only some of the original
elements.
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Types of Metamorphic Rock

• Contact metamorphism
occurs only at a local area
adjacent to large
intrusions and along
fractures that are in
contact with hot fluids.

Contact metamorphism.
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Types of Metamorphic Rock

• Regional metamorphism
occurs when there are
major igneous intrusions,
presence of extreme
pressure and heat due to
deep burial.

Regional metamorphism.
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Types of Metamorphic Rock

• Foliated metamorphic
rocks are formed when
parallel planes of platy or
elongated minerals
creating what is called as
foliations.

Increasing metamorphism causes

distinct bands or foliation to form.
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Types of Metamorphic Rock

• Nonfoliated
metamorphic rocks do
not have layered
appearance. Examples are
marble, quartzite, and
anthracite.

Some metamorphic rocks with their

corresponding protoliths.
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Rock Cycle
• The rock cycle shows
that all rocks are
related to each other.
• Igneous rocks can
change into
sedimentary or
metamorphic rocks.

Rock Cycle
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Rock Cycle
• The rock cycle shows
that all rocks are
related to each other.
• Sedimentary rocks
may also transform
into igneous or
metamorphic rocks.

Rock Cycle
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Rock Cycle
• The rock cycle shows
that all rocks are
related to each other.
• Metamorphic rocks
can change into the all
the three rock types.

Rock Cycle
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Classifying Rocks
• To identify an
unknown rock sample,
just follow this key
shown below for you
to be guided on
classifying the rock
sample in an accurate
manner.

Classifying Rock Types

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Factors Affecting Weathering of Rocks

• Goldich stability series
illustrates the relative stability
or weathering rate of
numerous minerals. This
series is roughly the inverse
order of original crystallization
for minerals found in the
Bowen’s reaction series.

Goldich stability series

Key Points

Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have been

1 altered, changed or transformed in the solid state.

Recrystallization, neomorphism and

2 metasomatism are the three ways of metamorphism.

The rock cycle shows that all rocks are related to

3 each other.
 Check Your Understanding

Complete the crossword puzzle below.

Across Down
4. This diagram 1. Also called as parent rock.
shows that one 2. Has the highest metamorphic grade.
rock is a raw 3. A type of metamorphism that occurs
material for at very large areas.
another. 5. A type of metamorphism due to
7. Type of contact with magma or igneous
metamorphic rocks intrusion.
that do not have 6. Type of metamorphic rock formed
layered when parallel planes of platy or
appearance. elongated minerals were realigned
due to effects of pressure and
 Challenge Yourself

What do you mean by

the statement, “One
rock is the raw material
for the other?”
 Bibliography

Amethyst Galleries Inc. “Mineral Gallery” Accessed April 5, 2018. http://www.galleries.com/default.htm

Coenraads, Robert R. 2005. Rocks & Fossils: A Visual Guide. Australia: Weldon Owen Inc.

Tarbuck, Edward J. and Frederick J. Lutgens. 2012. Earth Science, 13th Edition. New Jersey: Pearson
Prentice Hall.

Thompson, Graham R. and Jonathan Turk. 1997. Introduction to Physical Geology. United States: Brooks
Cole Publishing.

Williams, Linda. 2004. Earth Science Demystified. United States: The McGraw -Hill Companies, Inc.