BASIC HSE MANAGEMENT

WELCOME
TO
BASIC HSE MANAGEMENT
APPRECIATION COURSE
BY
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ACADEMY
HSE TRAINERS / OILFIELD RECRUITMENT
FACILITATORS
HSE MANAGEMENT DEFINED
HSE management is the science and art of controlling health,
safety and environmental hazards within a company’s
operational sphere in a manner that will assure the
company and other stakeholders of protection for their
resources, assets, production facilities, operations and
interests against whatever negative factors that may
exist within their operational sphere.

These factors are generally categorized as:

1. Health Hazards (H)
2. Safety Hazards (S)
3. Environmental Hazard (E).
HSE MANAGEMENT BENEFITS
The general benefits of HSE management
include the following;
a) safer and cheaper operations
b) business efficiency and continuity
c) protection of the resources and operations
as well as interest of the company and third
parties people who are not directly there.
d) compliance with the laws of the land
HSE MANAGEMENT BENEFITS
a) ensures the sustenance of good corporate
image and reputation
b) improves the productivity and profitability of
the company
c) prevention of accidents and achieve effective
control of hazard and their effects
d) elimination/minimization wastages,
productivity disruptions financial leakages,
machinery redundancy, equipment down time
and all forms of losses
HSE MANAGEMENT STAKEHOLDERS
 Company management and leadership- their
cooperation is very important
 LINE / DIRECT supervisors
 HSE / SAFETY personnel
 Foreman / Sub-supervisors personnel
 Shop floor / Labour personnel
 Host communities
 Government (Regulatory agencies etc)
 General public
 Vendors (contractors, sub-contract, supperliers
 The international community
FUNDAMENTAL PRODUCTIVITY RESOURCES

 WORKERS
 PRODUCTION FACILITIES
PRODUCTIONENVIRONMENT
WORKERS
 SKILLED PERSONNEL (Professional
+Technical, Administrative etc)
 SEMI-SKILLED PERSONNEL (Artisans,
technicians, foremen, sub supervisors
etc)
 UNSKILLED PERSONNEL (labourers,
helpers, rig hands,etc)
 THIRD PARTY PERSONNEL(workers of
contractors & sub-contractors)
PRODUCTION FACILITIES
 EQUIPMENT(Light & Heavy duty-rigs,etc)
 PLANT/MACHINERY [cranes,forklifts,lathe,process
machines etc
 TOOLS & APPLIANCES-hand drills,pliers,spanners
,laptops,phones,testers etc
 VEHICLES & VESSELS-cars ,boats, barges,trucks,ships
 MATERIALS [raw/finished]
 FIXED INSTALLATIONS –filling stations, flow
stations,well heads,Tanks,silos ETC
 FINANCES,FUNDS,LEASED FACILITIES
PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT
 BUILT-UP WORK SPACES (offices,
workshops, laboratories, warehouses,etc)
 LANDED ENVIRONMENT (OPEN
LAND/FORESTS/DESERT)
 WATER ENVIRONMENT
(RIVERS/SEA/SWAMP)
 INSTALLED FACILITY ENVIRONMENT (flow
stations,filling stations,tank farms etc)
 ALTITUDES –HEIGHTS [in the sky]
COMPANY productivity
COMPANY productivity =
goods / services / products =
INCOME + Profits
PRODUCTIVITY
RESOURCES
WORKERS
PRODUCTION FACILITIES
PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT

OPERATIONS
TASKS/ASSIGNMENTS
JOBS
PROJECTS
PRODUCTIVITY
The resources and operations can be
harmed by negative factors within
company operational spheres

WORKPLACE / OPERATIONAL/
OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS
OPERATIONAL/WORKPLACE
HAZARDS DEFINED
 “These are any factors within
Company operational spheres
with potential or capacity to
cause harm to persons,assets,
facilities, operations,
productivity, the environment
and Company reputation”
CLASSES OF HAZARDS
 HEALTH HAZARDS (H)
 SAFETY HAZARDS (S)
 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS (E)
 HSE – HEALTH, SAFETY,
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
 “Factors capable of impacting
negatively on the health of
workers and third parties,
causing illness or disease.
SAFETY HAZARDS
 Factors with capacity to inflict
physical injuries to persons or
cause physical damage and
destruction to facilities, assets
and the environment as well loss
of assets to stealing, pilfering,
security breaches and crime.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
 Factors associated with the
condition of a work environment
with potential to Negatively
impact on the health of persons,
the integrity of facilities and even
on the environment itself.
HSE HAZARDS SOURCES
1. Personnel / 3rd parties
2. Production / operational facilities

3. Production / operational environment

4. Products and goods

5 Operational processes & procedures

RECOGNISING HSE HAZARDS
 HSE HAZARDS ARE RECOGNISED THROUGH:-

 UNSAFE ACTS
 UNSAFE CONDITIONS
UNSAFE ACTS
 Any action of a person in a
Company’s operational sphere
carried out deliberately or in
error or out of ignorance but
which is capable of causing harm
or creating opportunity for harm
to occur
UNSAFE ACTS?

 EXAMPLES?..LETS HAVE THEM

UNSAFE CONDITIONS
 Any condition of a person or
facility or work environment
which can create opportunity for
injury, ill health, disease,
damage or Any form of harm to
occur
UNSAFE CONDITIONS?

 EXAMPLES?—LETS HEAR FROM YOU

COMPANY CONCERN
Company concern is the safety of resources
and operations from HSE hazards in
their operational spheres.

SAFETY: the state of assurance that

resources and operations are protected
from negative factors that can cause
harm to them .
HAZARD CONTROL FULCRUM
Prevention

Stoppage

Protection
HAZARD RELEASE( INCIDENT)
 This is a scenario which occurs when
unsafe acts and unsafe conditions-
HSE HAZARDS are unsuccessfully
controlled and give rise to sudden,
unplanned incidents by the hazards
inherent in them . This may lead to
accidents or near misses.-It is simply
an attempt by a hazard to cause
harm
ACCIDENT & NEAR MISS
 ACCIDENT : Any sudden, unplanned hazard
release which results in actual harm to
persons,operations, assets, facilities,
environment, corporate reputation, etc
irrespective of severity.
 NEARMISS: A hazard release which did not
result in any harm, but could have resulted
in harm, if circumstances were slightly
different.
 BOTH ACCIDENTS & NEAR MISSES
INDICATE OR ANNOUNCE THE PRESENCE
OF HAZARDS
ACCIDENT IMPACT CATEGORIES
 PERSONNEL (workers)
 THIRD PARTIES
 PRODUCTION FACILITIES
 PRODUCTIVITY
 ASSETS
 ENVIRONMENT
 CORPORATE REPUTATION
 FINANCES [INCOME &COSTS ]
 PROFITS
 OPERATIONS
 SYSTEMS
 CONSEQUENCES OF HSE HAZARD
RELEASES
1. Injuries, illness, Diseases, disabilities or Death
2. Productivity disruptions/work interruptions
3. Schedule delays/project & job time-line extensions
4. Depletion in income/revenue and profits
5. Sanctions from government regulatory agencies
6. Liability creation-claims, fines, sanctions etc
7. Community hostility/crisis and uprising
8. Increase in operational costs / budget over-runs
9. Damage to the environment/company reputation
10. Loss of business goodwill and opportunities
11. Loss of goals, materials and sundries
12. Severe security breaches/ business collapse
13. Equipment/machinery failure, damage and redundancy
14. Financial leakages, wastages etc.
FUNDAMENTAL HSE MANAGEMENT
STRATEGIES
 Formulation of HSE policies
 Development of safe work procedures / systems
 Establishment of HSE rules / regulations
 Delegation of Supervisors as HSE focal points
 Appointment of Dedicated HSE personnel
 Institution of mandatory workplace safety practices
and incident investigation
 HSE Instructions and training for personnel
 HSE Inspections and Audits
 HSE Risks assessment and Management
 HSE Records Administration
 Compliance With HSE Statutory Regulations and Laws
HSE HAZARDS MANAGEMENT
 DEFINITION OF HAZARD

 A hazard is any action or event or circumstances or

condition with the capacity and potential to cause harm
including:
 A) The potential/capacity to cause ill- health ,injuries,
disabilities, and death.
 B) The potential/capacity to cause damage to assets,
installations, machinery, equipment, products, tools,
appliances and materials.
 C) The potential/capacity to cause harm to company
reputation, company environment and properties of third
parties
 D) The potential/capacity to cause productivity losses
through work interruptions, schedule delays and equipment
redundancy.
 E) The potential/capacity to create liabilities for the
company and financial leakages through litigations,
community crisis, compensation payments, medical bills etc.
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
 The threat posed by hazards to company
resources and
 operations is so serious that the ability to
identify hazards is
 considered one of the most important skills that
a worker should possess.
 HSE hazards identification skills or competence
can be developed by the HSE
 personnel through the following means;
 Team work .
 Experience (your & others).
 Knowledge of other personnel involved in
various work activities.
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
 Knowledge of processes, procedures, and
work areas.
 Existing records of accidents, near misses,
task hazard control sheets etc.
 Work place inspections and audits.
 Consulting and networking with persons in
the safety profession and vocations
 or professions relating to the materials,
chemicals, appliances,
 goods, tools, equipments, and machinery
used by your company
SAMPLE HAZARDS
 Hazards are typically associated with these elements
 Noise
 Oil and chemical spills
 Naked flames and ignition sources
 Confined spaces
 Water bodies (rivers, lakes, seas etc.)
 Work involving heights
 Chemical fumes, vapors, and powders.
 Radiation
 Toxic gases
 Operations involving equipment use and manual
handling.
 Flammable materials, gases or fluids.
 Operations involving lifting and loading
HSE HAZARD ASSESSMENT
 WHAT IS A Hazard ASSESSMENT?
 Hazard assessment helps you protect
workers and everyone relating with an
organisation. It helps focus on the
hazards that really matter, the ones
with potential to cause harm.
CARRYING OUT A HAZARD ASSESSMENT

 Carrying out a Hazard assessment is a

relatively straightforward process
simply put, it is a careful examination of
what could cause harm to people,
facilities and the environment with a
view to understanding the precautions
need to be taken
The ‘Five Step’ process
Step One – Identify the hazards
First walk around the workplace identifying anything that could be
potentially hazardous – write everything down – make a list.
Include everything you can think of: not just things that are obviously
dangerous, but anything with a potential risk. It is a good idea to get
two people to do this separately and to compare lists afterwards, in
case either of you have missed anything out.

Then think about invisible hazards – for example, in some sectors, one of
the biggest risks people endure is stress (often related to working long
hours, under pressure, to tight deadlines) or physical assault. Invisible
hazards often include fumes – for example, photocopiers and laser
printers which emit ozone when in use.

Finally consider whether things that might not normally be hazardous

might be ,in relation to specific people – e.g. pregnant women, disabled
workers.
Step Two – identify who is at risk
Once you have identified and listed all the hazards, you need
to :
(i) Identify what the specific risk are.
(ii) Who are particularly at risk and what facilities are at
risk
Some people will be more at risk from particular hazards
than others – for example , a cleaner might have specific
risks related to the chemical cleaning agents being used,
etc. and there will be those particularly at risk in some
circumstances for example because they may be working
alone, or they may have a disability. List those
potentially at risk
 Step Three – Evaluate the risks and decide
on precautions

Think about what you can do to remove the hazard. Compare

what you currently do with what is accepted as good
practice. (You may need to seek advice on this from
experts) .The main purpose of doing a hazard assessment
is to be aware of the risks, so that you can take action to
eliminate or at least reduce the risks. On a simple level, if
an electrical wire is exposed, you could replace it, or cover
it with insulating tape. On a more proactive level, for
example, if your cleaner is using potentially dangerous
chemical agents – change the cleaning product – use
something water-based. Write down the actions
currently taken and those actions you propose to be
taken, and write down who will take the action, by
when.
Step Four – Record your
findings
Record your findings and document them.
Ensure the written record of your
findings is made available to supervisors
and workers, and that they co-operate
with the carrying out of the
recommendations made as a result of the
assessment. This might involve a change
in working practices, a change in
machinery or equipment, and appropriate
training being undertaken.
Step Five -Review your assessment
Few workplaces remain the same for long. You
must review your assessment when there are
major changes in the workplace, such as the
introduction of new machinery, or new ways of
working – but you must carry out regular
reviews anyway – possibly annually. If your
original assessment was properly recorded, the
review should be a relatively simple job but be
aware of changing working practices and
procedures.
Other considerations
 If you share a building with other companies,
you should co-operate with each other in
carrying out assessments.
 If your workers have a trade union health and
safety representative, you should consult with
them before carrying out the assessment – in
case they strongly disagree with the results of
the assessments, or the proposals you may be
making to remedy a potential hazard.
HAZARD CONTROL PRACTICES
 MANDATORY HAZARD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
 PTW- permit to work (documents) .it is a document that authorizes
hazardous/ non- routine work to be carried out strictly and only under the
safety conditions or measures outlined in the permit document, it is signed
and validated daily by a superior officer in location where the permit based
task is to take place and it is binding on both company staff and
contractors.
 TYPES OF PERMIT TO WORK ( PTW).
 General permit to work.
 +
 Complimentary permit certificates
 Hot work permit
 Confined space work permit.
 Excavation work permit
 Electrical work permit
 Radioactivity work permit
 Diving work permit
 Gas testing work permit
 Work- at-height-permit
SAFETY INDUCTION
 SAFETY INDUCTION ( ORIENTATION)-Given to
new workers to familiarize them with company
safety policies, rules, regulations and
practices.It covers:
 HSE policies / company safety manual
 Asset handling responsiblities
 Health & hygiene requirements
 Emergency response procedures
 Staff movement & security
 Community taboos, totems & customs.
 Obligation to report incidents & accidents
 Safety incentives and sanctions etc.
MUSTER STATION
 MUSTER STATIONS/ASSEMBLY POINTS –
These are safe places of refuge located
immediately outside a work area where
workers/visitors can converge safely when
the work area is threatened by an
emergency. It is a temporary place of
safety where head counts can be done and
evacuation plans can be executed from.
Typically, it must be an open and relatively
safe place located reasonably away from
the work area. It must also be sign-posted.
i.e. There must be printed signs identifying
the muster stations/assembly place.
HOUSE KEEPING
 Good housekeeping - This is the
practice of cleaning workplaces,
stacking materials and objects safely,
disposing waste properly, avoiding
clutter. It is about ensuring
cleanliness and orderliness in work
areas to avoid falls, trips, spills,
disease, ill health, injuries, etc.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
 Emergency Response Procedures - These are the
actions that are taken to en sure workers and visitors
safety during emergency. These include the provision
of exit routes, floor plans/maps which show
emergency escape routes and the conduct of
appropriate emergency response drills. The
emergency plan will also describe what
employees/visitors should do in emergency situations.
The plan should reasonably cover as many potential
emergencies as possible. E.g. fire, explosions, blow
outs, toxic chemical releases, armed attacks, floods,
man overboard, house boat sinking, house boat
drifting. abandon rig, abandon ship, etc
SAFETY SIGNS & SYMBOLS
 The use of safety symbols and caution
signs - These are safety instructions or
guides presented in the form of symbols or
written signs placed in and around work
areas to regulate the conduct of workers
and visitors in such work areas or
facilities.eg-No-smoking (No PPE, No
entry), (No seatbelt, No entry), (Danger,
High Voltage Area), Keep Off, Men At Work)
or (work in progress)
 PPE
 use of PPE- personal protective equipment. They are
simply gadgets, devices ,clothing items which
workers / visitors are required to wear in hazardous
work areas or hazardous work activities to protect
their body and organs of their body from the impact
of hazard release.
 e.g. Head & face – helmet, hard hat , face visors etc.
 Fall protection- safety harness
 Body- coveralls (plain & fire retardant),chemical
vests, life jackets
 Legs & feet-- safety boots, safety shoes, safety rain
boots
 Ear – ear muff, ear plugs.
 Lungs- dust mask, respirators, SCBA (self contained
breathing apparatus).
 Hands – hand gloves.
TOOL BOX/PEPTALK
 Tool box briefing & pep talk – a short
advisory talk given to workers before they
commence any work activity or task to
highlight hazards associated with the task
or work area and to educate workers
involved, in the safe procedure , process
,attitude, actions and behavior required for
their safety in that task or work area. It can
be given by the HSE personnel or the line
supervisor or any worker assigned to do so.
The philosophy here is SAFETY cometh by
hearing the words of safety daily.
SAFETY BRIEFINGS
 Safety briefings – A short safety talk
given to persons who will be spending
a short period of time in a temporary
place or situation which is considered
hazardous e.g. visitors to company
site ,workers about to board aircraft
or watercraft, or an emergency alarm
has been sounded
TAIL- GATE BRIEFING
 Tail gate briefing – A safety briefing
given at the end of a day’s work to
address critical safety developments
of that day which cannot be
postponed to the next day e.g.
Major accident on site,. Instructions
from host community, threat of
attacks, etc. it is used mostly in
site /plant operations
JOB SAFETY PHASES
 KEY CRITICAL SAFETY PHASES;
 Job/task safety planning phase
 Job/task execution safety phase
 Post-accident safety phase
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS (JHA}
 This is basically an analysis of a job,
very simply put; it is a process that
we use to analyse jobs/tasks for
safety planning
 A process for analyzing hazards
associated with a job/task in other to
plan for the safety of the resources
and operations by identifying and
analyzing the task hazards.
JHA PROCEDURE
 PROCEDURE
 Breakdown the job into the task sequence
 Analyse each task sequence as follows:
 Identity hazards - IDENTIFICATION
 Evaluate hazards - ASSESSMENT
 Prevent hazards - CONTROL
 Mitigate hazards - RECOVERY
 Document in a Task HAZARD CONTROL
SHEET
JHA continued
 IDENTIFY: What can cause harm during task
executions? (Workers, third parties production
facilities, operational procedures,
environment)
 ASSESS: How will the harm occur? And what
will be the impact or possible consequence?
 CONTROL: What can be done to prevent harm
or to protect against it?
 RECOVERY: What needs to be on ground now
to minimize the impact of harm and recover
operations quickly in case control fails?
HAZARDSPOTTING/MONITORING
 TOOL: OBSERVATION CYCLE
CREATE OBSERVATION PORTIONS IN WORK
ACTIVITY AREA
 FOCUS ON WORKERS,FACILITIES,CONDITION
OF WORK ENVIRONMENT- ONE AT A TIME
 WATCH OUT FOR UNSAFE ACTS/CONDUCT
AND UNSAFE CONDITIONS
 TAKE CORRECTIVE ACTION OR MEASURES FOR
ANY OBSERVED UNSAFE ACT OR CONDITION
 REPEAT PROCEDURE AT HOURLY INTERVALS
OR AS TIME PERMITS
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
AND ANALYSIS
 WHAT IS AN ACCIDENT?
 An accident is an unplanned and sudden event which
usually occurs through the release of hazards leading to
bodily harm, facility damage; environmental damage
and harm to company operations, assets, productivity,
reputation and finances.
 There is always substantial cost for each and every
accident a company experiences. The HSE personnel
must bear this fact in mind always and realize that the
greatest expectation of the company is that the HSE
Personnel will always be able to prevent the
unpleasantries of accidents. Therefore the HSE personnel
must investigate every accident to have a solid
understanding of why they occurred and thereby be
equipped to proffer appropriate measures to prevent a
repeat.
ANATOMY OF AN ACCIDENT
 There are four distinct parts of an accident
 The contributing factors: e.g. Poor supervisory
performance, absence of HSE management
system, non-enforcement of safety rules, lack
of employee safety training, absence of job
safety planning, failure to correct identified
hazard, poor mental states of the worker, poor
physical condition of the worker etc.
 The immediate causes: e.g. unsafe acts, such
as failure to use PPE, the use of wrong tools,
hazardous movements (horseplay or rough
play), wearing unsafe clothing, bypassing
safety devices, etc. or unsafe conditions such
as malfunctioning safety devices in equipment
and machinery, poor housekeeping, poor
lighting, unsafe work environment etc.
continued
 The accident itself: This could be a fall
or slips or explosion, fire outbreaks, toxic
chemical releases, e.t.c.
 The consequences of the Accident: This
could be injuries, exposure to disease,
death, equipment breakdown or failure,
community hostility or crisis, productivity
disruptions
ACCIDENT HANDLING
 ACCIDENT HANDLING PROCEDURE
 It is important to plan for the eventuality of accident
events and this requires a pre-accident handling and
management plan which should include the following
elements.
 Parties to be notified when an accident occurs.
 Authorized parties who will inform outside parties like
police, fire department, regulators etc.
 Persons to be assigned for the investigation of the
accident
 The time frame for conducting the investigation and
correcting the hazard.
 The officer to receive and act on the accident
investigation report.
continued
 In the immediate event of an accident the HSE
personnel should ensure that the following actions
take place
 Ensure that casualties are attended to, first [first aid,
medevac]
 Ensure that affected facilities are also attended to
[salvaging, fire fighting]
 Secure the accident site by cordoning it off [put up
barriers, restrict access]
 Inform the appropriate authority within the company
 Commence investigations immediately by piecing
together information about what directly or indirectly
contributed to the accident
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION
 The purpose of investigation is to obtain a
comprehensive picture of the sequence of
events and circumstances that led to the
accident. Therefore, no efforts should be
spared to gather as much information as
possible from witnesses, the victim (if
possible), non-witnesses ,co-workers,
supervisors, existing records related to the
victim or affected facility, compliance level
with mandatory safety rules.
ANALYSIS
 ACCIDENT ANALYSIS
 After investigation, the investigating personnel
must analyse all facts and information gathered
to determine what actions or measures that are
required to ensure that similar accident does
not repeat itself in future.
 In doing this, he/she will identify the
contributing factors and the immediate causes
of the accident based on facts and information
available to him from the investigation. And
then after analysis, draw proper conclusions
and make proper recommendation.
ACCIDENT REPORT
 THE ACCIDENT REPORT WRITING
 Most companies have their own accident report
format, but generally a good report must contain the
following sections.
 Preamble / Introduction: Where you briefly
describe the accident, where it occurred, who was
affected etc?
 Detailed Description of the Accident event in full
including the sequence of events or circumstances
resulting to the accident.
 There is the Analysis section: Where you describe
your findings and conclusions. It should include
mention of the contributing factors and immediate
causes that triggered the accident
CONTINUED
 There is the Recommendation section: where you
make your recommendations based on contributing
factors and immediate causes. Recommendations can
be grouped under
 Engineering controls
 Work procedure controls
 Administrative Adjustment
 PPE
 5-Summary section: This is where you present a brief
summary of the content of the accident report and
more importantly justification for your
recommendations to be accepted.

SELLING YOUR RECOMMENDATIONS
TO MANAGEMENT
 To successfully sell your recommendations
to management, you must present a cost
benefit analysis i.e. the direct or indirect
cost [in monetary terms], of the accident
now and the direct or indirect cost of the
accident in future[ in monetary terms] if
your recommendations are not adopted.
 Highlight the benefits of adopting your
recommendations to prevent future high
cost [in monetary terms]if the accident is
allowed to repeat itself..
WASTE MANAGEMENT
 What is waste?
 Classes of wastes
 Forms of waste
WASTE
 Waste include all items that
people no longer have any use
for.
 In other words, waste is anything
which is no longer of use to the
disposer
Pollution
 An undesirable change in the
quality of the Air, Land, Waters
around us.
Classes of Waste
 Biological Wastes: Waste from previously
living sources e.g waste from man and
animals(municipal wastes), food processing
plants,abattoir.
 Non-Biological Wastes:
Wastes Waste from non-
living sources e.g waste from
refineries,steel works, glass factory,
construction sites,petrochemical plants,
plastic and industries.
Forms of waste
 Gaseous emission: e.g, gas flaring,
vocs, particulate dusts, waste
gases from stacks, cement
factories, stone crushing
excavation activities, lime dust,
talc, asbestos dust, acid fumes,
cigarette fumes
CONTINUED
 Liquid wastes: waste dissolved in
water emanating from industrial
processes(known as industrial
effluents),domestic liquid wastes,
waste acids from old mines,waste
oil from mechanic garages
CONTINUED
 Solid wastes: visible and portable
waste e.g broken bricks, refuse,
sludges and slag, broken glass
bottles, can, plastic, paper, battery
casings, plaintain skin, fish gut.
Waste Management
Objectives:Waste Minimisation
 Approaches:
Waste Inventorisation
 WasteSegregation/Characterisati
on
 Waste reduction-Recycling,Re-
use and Recovery.
 Waste treatment and Disposal
Solid waste Segregation
 waste bin colour code
 Red- Hazardous waste
 Green-biodegradable waste
 Blue- Glass waste
 Grey- Batteries
 Brown- Paper and Pvc
 Black- General
Occupational Health
 What is Health?
 What is Occupational Health?
 The workplace and Health
hazards
Occupational Health
Management Framework
 Identification of health hazards
 Assessment of health hazards
 Control of health hazards
 Recovery of health hazards
Common workplace health
hazard sources
 Physical Conditions
 Chemical Conditions
 Biological Agents
 Psychosocial Conditions
 Ergonomic Factors
Control of health hazards
 Good housekeeping
 Use of PTW
 Use of PPE
 Peptalks / Induction /Education
 Epidemiological Studies
 Pre-employment tests
 Periodic medical intergrity tests
Recovery from health hazard
 Clinic service -owned or Retained
 First aid training to personnel
 First aid boxes- Equipped
 Provision of Medevac facilities
BASIC FIRE SAFETY
 “The Concept of safe guarding the
resources and assets of a Company
and those of third parties within a
Company’s operational sphere from
fire hazard or fire outbreak”
Fire Triangle
 For a fire to start three Factors must
be present -Oxygen, fuel and Heat.
 Without oxygen, nothing can burn
 without fuel, there is nothing to burn
 without heat, there can be no fire.
FIRE TRIANGLE ELEMENTS
 O2 – From among gases in the
immediate atmosphere

Fuel – From any combustible

material (solids,liquids,gases)

Heat – Any source of ignition

temperature
CHEMISTRY OF FIRE
 “A Fire occurs when a heat
source or ignition source ignites a
fuel, using oxygen present, and
creates combustion or a series of
small explosion”
CHEMISTRY OF FIRE
 “A Fire occurs when a heat
source or ignition source ignites a
fuel, using oxygen present, and
creates combustion or a series of
small explosion”
PILLARS OF FIRE SAFETY
 FIRE PREVENTION [engineering,
enforcement, education]
 FIRE EXTINCTION
 FIRE EMERGENCY
PREPAREDNESS
FIRE EXTINCTION
 SMOTHERING – Elimination of o2
from fire
 COOLING – Elimination of heat from
fire
 STARVATION – Elimination of fuel
from fire.
Classification of Fires

CLASS A -SOLIDS (wood,Textile,paper,etc)

EXTINCTION -Water,Chemical Foam

CLASS B -Flammable liquids(petrol,kero,Acid,etc)

EXTINCTION-DrychemicaLpowder(DCP),Carbondioxide(Co2),Chemical
Foam.

CLASS C - FLAMMABLE GASES/ENERGISED

ELECTRICL EQUIPMENT
EXTINCTION-Starve and allow to burn out/CO2

CLASS D- METTALIC POWDERS,PROCESS CHEMICALS

EXTINCTION-Halons, vaporising liquids,graphite powder

FIRE EXTINGUISHER COLOUR
CODE{EU STANDARD}
 WATER - RED
 DRY CHEMICAL - BLUE
 CO2 - BLACK
 CHEMICAL FOAM - CREAM
 VAPORISING LIQUID - METTALIC GREEN
FIRE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
 INFORMATION ON WHAT TO DO IN CASE
OF FIRE-
 INFORMATION ON WHAT TO DO WHEN
FIRE ALARM IS SOUNDED
 PROVISION OF MUSTERING POINTS
 ESTABLISHMENT OF FIRE EMERGENCY
TEAMS
 PROVISION OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT
 CONDUCTING REGULAR FIRE DRILLS