TOBACCO

Members
• Nguyen Thi Hong Ngoc
• Tran Thi Hai Yen
TOBACCO
Classification
 Kingdom – Plant
 Division – Magnoliophyta
 Class – Magnoliopsida
 Order – Solanales
 Family – Solanaceae
 Genus – Nicotiana
 Species - tabacum
Scientific name: Nicotiana tabacum L.

The rule of scientific name

The scientific name comprises two parts: the genus in italics
is Nicotiana and species in italics is tabacum

The genus name is always written first and capitalized

The species is never capitalized

L. is the abbreviation for Carolus Linnaeus

 AREA OF TOBACCO PLANT (thousand ha)
31.5

26.7
25.9 26.3

24.4 24.4 24.8

23.0 23.2

20.7
19.2
17.6
16.8 16.4
16.3
14.7
14.2
13.5
12.8

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year

Source: Food and Agricultural Organization

 Yield (ton/ha)
2.34 2.35
2.26

2.12 2.14

1.99
1.93 1.91 1.91 1.93
1.80
1.76
1.66
1.54 1.57
1.44
1.38
1.31
1.25

1.11

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year

Source: Food and Agricultural Organization

 PRODUCTIVITY ( thousand tons)
56.5

50.6
49.4 49.2
47.4

41.9
40.1
37.8

33.2
32.0 31.8 31.9 32.1 31.4
30.0
28.8 29.2
27.1
25.9
23.4

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year

Source: Food and Agricultural Organization

 EXPORT (thousand tons)

15.61

10.19
9.88 9.72
9.48 9.48
8.67 8.88

6.75
6.32

5.15
4.52
3.96 3.86
2.92 2.84
2.03
1.55 1.60
1.33

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year

Source: Food and Agricultural Organization

 Price (USD/ton)

2438.7 2461

2163.7 2193.9
2093.2
2035.6 2039.4
1973.5 1954.1 1991
1930.1 1943.9 1948.7

1609.6

1434.3
1290.5
1186.1
1064.2
1003.5
866.4

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Year

Source: Food and Agricultural Organization

Morphology of tobacco plant
Morphology of tobacco plant

ROOTS
 Tobacco plant possesses an extensive
but comparatively shallow fibrous root
system
 Most of these roots develop
adventitiously from the portion of the
main stem
 Morphology of tobacco plant
Stem Leaf

 Tobacco plant is about 5 feet high • Leaves large, alternate broadly lanceolate

 A slender stout main stem having • Leaves dark green above, paler beneath
lateral branches
 Young branches are with viscid sticky
hairs
 Morphology of tobacco plant
Flower - Fruit - Seed

 Fruits-two valved ovoid

capsule with numerous
tiny oval to spherical
seeds
 Inflorescence axillary or terminal branched
raceme with white campanulate flowers  Seeds are very small,
light in weight, many in
 Flowers-Tubular, born in terminal panicle and
each capsule
usually pink
LIFE CYCLE OF TOBACCO

Annual Growth Cycle

SEEDS

VEGETATIVE
DEATH
GROWTH

FLOWER
 20-25 da
y s
s
ay
0d
7-1

60
-
65
da
ys
ays
d
5-7
Tobacco’s cycle
4-5 months

10-15 day
ys da

s
5-7

3-6 days
 Solar radiation

 Tobacco is a light-loving plant

 Even the seeding period is
also tolerant of direct light
 Critical photoperiod: over 56
klux
Day length

 Tobacco is short-day crop

 Some varieties prefer long-day light
 Day length: about from 11 to 14 hours
 Rainfall

 Tobacco is a moisture-loving plant

 Tobacco is suitable for humid tropics, the
rainfall in the crop is from 400 to 600 mm
 However, it does not tolerate excessive
watering or flooded fields
 Heavy rain is also not suitable
 Temperate

 The ideal temperature for growing

tobacco plants is between 20°C and
30°C.
 Germination: 24°C → 27°C
 Seeding: 23°C → 26 ℃
 Vegetative growth: 27°C → 29℃

Tobacco yield and maximum average temperature

for growing season

Source: Tobacco yield and maximum average

temperature for growing season
MAIN GROWING REGION

The Northeast: Cao Bang, Lang

Son, Thai Nguyen, Bac Kan…
 THE NORTHEAST REGION

- Located in the humid subtropical climate.

- Border with China on the North and Northeast
- High terrains, no shield, and the arc mountain ranges
extend to the North towards Tam Dao

Allowing cold northeasterly wind influenced by China to

easily enter the North
- Winter lasts from November to April, the weather is cold and drizzly.
Winter arrives early and departs late. The lowest temperature can be
below 0°C.
- Summer has lots of rain, is hot and humid with temperature ranging
from 27 to 28°C

- Crop: tea, rice, industrial crops (rubber, coffee, tobacco) and fruit trees.
Thank you for listening