DAMAGE CONTROL

STRATEGIES

RESTORATION OF SERVICES TO SHIP

AFTER DAMAGE HAS OCCURRED

By Capt. Ashish Chandra

DAMAGE CONTROL STRATEGIES

 The three basic objectives of the

damage control are:

 PREVENTION,
 MINIMIZATION,
 RESTORATION.
DAMAGE CONTROL STRATEGIES

RESTORATION

Restoration is to accomplish as quickly

as possible, emergency repair or
restoration after occurrence of damage.
Restoration requires regaining a safe
margin of stability & buoyancy and Power
& Communication.
RESTORATION OF SERVICES
RESTORATION OF SERVICES

 Emergency power,
 Fire main,
 Communications,
 Pumping system,
 Drainage system
EMERGENCY POWER
EMERGENCY POWER
 Seaworthiness requires that the ship be
capable of moving under her own
power, and of being steered.

 Hence, steering control and main

propulsion must be restored as soon as
possible after damage to A/Es and
backout on a damaged vessel.
EMERGENCY POWER
 Asthe Emgc generator is located outside
the E/rm and above the lower-most
continuous weather deck, it should
normally be available for such
emergencies.

 Emergency generator, as per SOLAS,

should be on-load within 45 seconds of
the power failure.
EMERGENCY POWER
 The Emgc generator shall supply electric
power to the most important equipment and
machinery, such as:
 the emergency pumps,
 emergency compressors,
 emergency lighting,
 emergency alarms,
 navigation & communication equipment,
 ventilation fans,
 emergency steering motor, etc
FIRE MAINS
FIRE MAIN
 The elements of a fire-main system include
pumps, piping, valves, and other controls.
 Fire pumps aboard ship are classified
according to use as
 fire pumps,
 fire and bilge pumps,
 fire and GS pumps,
 Emgc fire pump,
 Deck spray pumps (on Gas carriers) in case of
spills on deck.
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

 The
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
 The onboard communication can
primarily be divided into 3 main
categories

Intra-ship;
ship-to-ship; and
ship-to-shore
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

The intra-ship communication

 Hand-held walkie-talkie
 Telephone
 Emgc (sound-powered) telephone
 PA system
 Messengers
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

The ship-to-ship communication

 VHF
 MF/HF Radio
 DSC
 Satellite phone / fax / telex
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

The ship-to-shore communication

 VHF
 MF/HF Radio
 DSC
 Satellite phone / fax / telex / e-mail
 SSAS
 LRIT
PUMPING SYSTEM
PUMPING SYSTEM
 The following pumping systems may be
required post a Damage to ship:
 Fuel
 Fire main
 FW
 Bilge
 Ventilation
 Tank cleaning
 Inerting; etc
PUMPING SYSTEM
 Because the services of these systems are
essential, these may be brought online in the
order of requirement.
 With power back thru the A/E most of these
pumping systems should be back to normal.
 If these are effected by the damage, alternative
arrangements may have to be organized.
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
 Various means are provided for removing
unnecessary water from within a ship's hull.
 Systems of piping and pumping facilities are
installed for this purpose and referred to
as drainage systems.
 These systems are vital for removing the water
used in various compartments during
firefighting.
 Excess water is certain conditions can cause
concern for ship’s stability aswell (FSE)
RESTORATION OF OTHER SERVICES

 Control cabinets and electronic

systems, such as controls in the
engine room and on the bridge,
are among the most sensitive and
sometimes also the most
expensive items on board.
RESTORATION OF OTHER SERVICES

 It requires particularly gentle

decontamination processes for the
restoration of electronic
components by

• Dry selective process

• Wet selective process
• General cleaning
RESTORATION OF OTHER SERVICES

 Damage to various components of

the ship due to a fire or hull
damage resulting in fire can be
devastating.
 Soot can spread into areas that are
hidden but can cause significant
damage to steel surfaces through
flash rust and integrity
degradation.
RESTORATION OF OTHER SERVICES

 Combustion of plastics can generate

hydrogen chloride (HCl), which in
combination with extinguishing water
and particularly salt water, condenses
and leaves visible corrosion on metal
surfaces within a few hours. 
 There is a need to neutralize conditions,
decontamination, and removal of soot,
corrosion and toxic hazardous materials.
 THANK YOU

ANY QUESTIONS?