RESIDENTIAL APARTMENTS

✤ LITERATURE STUDY

SOURCE: Building byelaws, NBC

LITERATURE STUDY
APARTMENT

✤ The term ‘apartment building’

refers to a multi-storey building
that is primarily residential in
use and that has individual
residential units (apartments),
on all or most floors
WHAT IS APARTMENT

✤ An apartment, flat or unit is a self-contained housing unit (a type of

residential real estate) that occupies only part of a building, generally on a
single level.

✤ Such a building may be called an apartment building, apartment complex,

flat complex, block of flats, tower block, high-rise or, occasionally, mansion
block (in British English), especially if it consists of many apartments for rent.

✤ Apartments may be owned by an owner/occupier, by leasehold tenure or

rented by tenants.

✤ A well planned apartment Provides maximum privacy for various activities

and makes movement to any room possible without crossing another.
HISTORY OF APARTMENT
✤ In ancient Rome, the insulae were large apartment buildings
where the lower and middle classes of Romans dwelled.

✤ Ancient Roman insulae in Rome and other imperial cities reached

up to 10 and more stories , some with more than 200 stairs.

✤ In the late 19th and early 20th century, the concept of the flat was
slow to catch-onamongst the English middle-classes.
SITE REQUIREMENTS
DENSITY AND HEIGHT
The density and massing of
building is dictated by location.
SITE PLANNING
Land costs and local regulation
TRAFFIC ANALYSIS Parking requirements and
An analysis of traffic flows is potential future
necessary to identify counter flow
of traffic.
SITE ACCESS
AND SITE
MAIN ENTRANCE DEVELOPMENT CAR PARKING
Must be prominent. Space depends on the location,
patterns of use.

ACCESS ROUTES CIRCULATION

Separate guest entry from service The movement of guests, non
entry resident visitors, staff and
suppliers tend to flow distinct
circulatory patterns.
TYPES
✤ Studio apartment

✤ Garden apartment

✤ Secondary suite

✤ Maisonette

✤ Two-story flat

✤ Communal apartment

✤ Serviced apartment

✤ Low, Mid, High rise apartment

REQUIREMENTS

✤ SIZE: Generally, a room must have minimum

dimensions of 8 feet x 8 feet x 8 feet, and must have a
minimum floor area of 80 square feet.

✤ USAGE REQUIREMENTS: The following are rooms:

bedrooms, living rooms, studies, recreation, kitchens.
The following are not rooms: closets, halls, stairs,
laundry rooms, bathrooms, foyers, dining spaces.
REQUIREMENTS
RANGES FROM
STANDARD SIZE
A B

LIVING ROOM
4200mm*4800mm 5400mm*7200mm
14ft*16ft 18ft*24ft

BEDROOM
3000mm*3600mm 4200mm*4800mm
10ft*12ft 14ft*16ft

KITCHEN
2500mm*3900mm 3000mm*3600mm
8ft*13ft 10ft*12ft

STORE ROOM
2500mm*2500mm 3000mm*3000mm
8ft*8ft 10ft*10ft
VERANDAH 1800mm[6ft] 3000mm[10ft]
REQUIREMENTS
FLOW DIAGRAM
OUTDOORS

BEDROOM BEDROOM BEDROOM LIVING

ROOM

DINING
ROOM

BATH KITCHEN
BATH ENTRY
LIVING

Minimum Requirements :

✤ A living room for a three- or four-

bedroom dwelling unit requires
more space for its occupants than
one for a one- or two-bedroom
dwelling unit.

✤ min area 9.5 sq .m s breath 2.4m

min height of ceiling 2.75m. height
under the beam min 2.45m
 DINING ROOM

✤ Space for accommodating the following, sizes of tables and chairs in the dining area should be
provided, according to the intended occupancy, as shown :1 or2 persons:

✤ 2 ft 6 in by 2 ft 6 in4 persons:

✤ 2 ft 6 in by 3 ft 2 in6persons.

✤ 3 ft 4 in by 4 ft 0 in or 4 ft 0 in

✤ Round 8 persons.-3 ft 4 in by 6 ft 0 in or 4 ft 0 in by 4ft0 in

✤ 10 persons- 3 ft 4 in by 8 ft 0 in or4 ft 0 in by 6ft0in

✤ 12 persons: 4 ft 0 in by 8 ft 0 in
KITCHEN

• The size of the kitchen should be

determined by the number of bedrooms
provided in the dwelling unit min, area
5.0sq.m and breath 1.5m. min height of
kitchen 2.7m kitchen used as dinning
room , main area 9.5sq.m and min width
2.4mWork centers for the following
equipment, cabinets, and space for their
use should be provided

• Range space with base and wall cabinet

atone side for serving and storage of
utensils and staplesSink and base cabinet
with counter space on each side for
cleanup. Wall cabinets for storage
WASHROOM

✤ A bathroom should have enough area to

accommodate a lavatory, a The size of the
kitchen should be determined by the
number of bedrooms provided in the
dwelling unit min, area 5.0sq.m and
breath 1.5m. min height of kitchen 2.7m
kitchen used as dinning room , mein area
9.5sq.m and min width 2.4m.

✤ Min area will be 1.0sq.m combined toilets

and bathroom, min areas 2.8 sq. m breath
1.2m
BED ROOM
✤ Ideally, the recommended minimum
bedroom size should be 10'0"x 12"0"
exclusive of closets, while the
recommended minimum size for a larger
bedroom or master bedroom should be
12'0" x 16'0" exclusive of closets.

✤ FURNITURE ARRANGEMENTS

✤ 24 in for major circulation path (door to

closet, etc.)

✤ 22 in on one side of bed for circulation

✤ 12 in on least used side of double bed

GAS BANK
✤ A Gas Storage Facility in a common area
with a number of cylinders connected to
common delivery lines.The Piped Gas
System Line are installed with pressure
regulation and safety devices.

✤ The control valves, regulator and Burner

are placed in the kitchen.Continuous
supply of gas at the turn of a tap.

✤ Eliminates cylinder refill booking, and

scheduling the delivery.

✤ Increased safety in kitchen as the pressure

of LPG in pipeline is much lower than an
LPG cylinder.Space required to store two
BUILDING ENTRIES

✤ Provide building entries that are easily

identifiable and assist in the identify and
legibility of the development.

✤ To be clearly visible from streets or

internal driveways so that visitors can
easily identify an individual apartment.

✤ Provide a sense of address, shelter and

transitional space around the entry and
contribute to security.

✤ Provide a minimum width of pedestrian

walkway of approximately 1200 mm.
SETBACKS

✤ Means the space to be left fully

open to sky from the edge of the
building to the property line or
boundary of the street.

✤ No built-up space shall be provided

within the setback except
specifically permitted projections
and other structures under the
rules.

✤ Buildings over 15m in height have a

set back of 6m around the building.
NATURAL VENTILATION
✤ Natural ventilation is an important aspect of
apartment design because it ensures regular exchange
of fresh air which is essential for maintaining
comfortable living environment.

✤ The design and layout of dwellings should maximise

openable windows, doors or other devices in an
external wall of the building, where appropriate.

✤ At least 40% of dwellings should achieve effective

cross ventilation.

✤ Natural air movement through a building or

apartment can be achieved by the ‘stack effect’ and
cross ventilation.

✤ Cross-ventilation is achieved by using natural

breezes and wind to produce pressure differences
that channel air through openings
NATURAL VENTILATION
✤ Effective cross ventilation is achieved
where

✤ There is a maximum breeze path

through the dwelling of 18 metres.

✤ There is a minimum breeze path

through the dwelling of 5 metres.

✤ The ventilation openings have

approximately the same area. The
breeze path is measured between the
ventilation openings on different
orientations of the dwelling .
Habitable Room Height and Depth
Standards
✤ Habitable rooms, not including
kitchens, should achieve the
following proportions:

✤ Room depth from window is up to 6

m = minimum ceiling height 2.4 m.

✤ Room depth from window is between

6 m to 9 m = minimum ceiling height
2.7 m

✤ Room depths from window is greater

than 9 m = minimum ceiling height
3.0 m.
DAY LIGHT
✤ Five major elements are responsible for a
good interior climate.

✤ Natural light providing daylight and

sunlight.

✤ Thermal mass to balance temperature

swings.

✤ Fresh air provided through controlled

ventilation.

✤ Thermal insulation to reduce heat loss in

winter and overheating.

✤ Airtight construction.
DAY LIGHT
✤ As natural light, especially sunlight, has a significant
impact on our health and wellbeing it’s important to
consider this carefully in the apartment design.

✤ Daylight and sunlight animate indoor spaces and

enhance apartment residents’ enjoyment of an
interior.

✤ Views outside keep people in touch with their wider

surroundings, the prevailing weather, and the
rhythm of the day and seasons.

✤ Good natural light also reduces the energy needed

to provide artificial light for everyday activities.

✤ Controlled sun penetration can also help meet part

of the apartment’s winter heating requirements
when thermal mass is used correctly and if windows
in the main living areas face north.
VISUAL PRIVACY
✤ Windows and balconies of an upper floor
level apartment are to be designed are to
prevent overlooking of more than 50% of
the private open space of a lower floor level
apartment , either within the same
development or adjoining development.

✤ where architectural devices such as

screening devices, high window sills,
obscure glass are used to prevent
overlooking they should be integrated with
the building design and have negative effect
on amenity for residents or neighbours.

✤ Fenestration area% of floor area = window

area x100 floor area
ACCESSIBILITY
✤ In the case of apartments and
most multi-dwellings the need
for (vertical circulation) can be a
dominant consideration.

✤ Although apartment buildings

can be designed as walk-ups
this results in access problems
for all but the most able people
any of whom may themselves
be disabled at any time by a
vehicle accident and illness.
PRIVATE OPEN SPACES
✤ A dwelling should have private open space consisting of

✤ An area of 25 square metres, with a minimum dimension of 3 metres at natural

ground floor level and convenient access from a living room, or.

✤ An area of 15 square metres, with a minimum dimension of 3 metres at a podium

or other similar base and convenient access from a living room, or.

✤ A balcony with a minimum area and dimension specified in Table 1 and

convenient access from a living room, or.

✤ A roof-top area of 10 square metres with a minimum dimension of 2 metres and

convenient access from a living room.

✤ If an air conditioning/heating/condenser unit is located on a balcony, the balcony

must be an additional 1.5 square metre in area.
 STANDADRS AS PER MUNCIPAL
CARPORATION AUTHOTITY
✤ The parking area should be 20% in the built up area.

✤ The land scape percentage is 15% in the total built up area.

✤ The width of the main gate should be 5m.

✤ The circulation should be of 10%.

✤ If ground floors basement or semi basement is used for lift well, water tank, then area is not
counted in far.

✤ Lift of escalator should be provided for building with height more than 17m

✤ Fire escape stair, stand by generator, over head tank of capacity 20,000 liters and
underground tank of 50,000 should be compulsorily provided.

✤ Recreation space. a) Plot up to 2000 Sq.mtrs. : 5% of plot area b) Plots above 2000 mts. : 10%
The area left towards tot lot shall be open to sky and should be provided on Ground Level
THERMAL INSULATION
✤ Thermal insulation is required to prevent heat from escaping dwellings in
winter and entering them in summer there are a variety of insulation
materials on the market ranging from mineral wool and glass wool to
polystyrene and other rigid foams .

✤ The efficiency of thermal insulation is recorded either in U valves or R valves.

✤ The R valve is measure of thermal resistance .

✤ The best placement of thermal insulation material is outside of building or

within a ventilated cavity .

✤ It will applied To apart of sandwich component such as core insulated

concrete wall or placed in a ventilated cavity system.
FOUNDATION AND STRUCTURAL
DESIGN
✤ All materials and workmanship shall be of good quality generally to accepted
standards of Bureau of Indian Standard specification & codes as included in National
Building Code of India.

✤ Foundations are divided into two categories: shallow foundations and deep
foundations.

✤ The words shallow and deep refer to the depth of soil in which the foundation is
made. Shallow foundations can be made in depths of as little as 3ft (1m), while deep
foundations can be made at depths of 60 - 200ft (20 - 65m).

✤ Shallow foundations are used for small, light buildings, while deep ones are for
large, heavy buildings. the actual weight on the soil does not exist the safe bearing
capacity of soil .

✤ To get a very rough idea of the size of the footing, the engineer will take the total
load on the column and divide it by the safe bearing capacity (SBC) of the soil
 CONSIDERATIONS
✤ Distinct Materiality Palette: ensure material diversity that responds to, and is in keeping with the existing
neighbourhood context.

✤ Balcony Locations: maximise the passive surveillance of the public realm and to ensure privacy for
residents.

✤ Waste Storage Provisions: control the location and design of waster storage provisions at the public realm
interface.

✤ Service Boxes: control the location and design of service boxes at the public realm interface.

✤ Fence + Wall Locations, Heights + Design: ensure an appropriate contemporary response to the existing
neighbourhood context.

✤ Post Box Location + Designs: to ensure appropriate contemporary response to the existing
neighbourhood context.

✤ Signing / Unit Numbering: to ensure an appropriate response to the existing neighbourhood context.

✤ Playgrounds should ideally be located near the centre of the development and be visible from all units.
This allows for family members to watch children without always having to be physically present
 PARKING
✤ Parking space means an area enclosed or unenclosed, covered or open,
sufficient in size to park vehicles, together with a drive-way connections, the
parking space with a street or alley and permitting ingress and degress of the
vehicles.

✤ Basement floor shall be used only for parking and not for any habitation
purpose.

✤ Parking can be permitted in one or more levels (multi-levels). In case of

basement being used as parking only, the travel distance shall be 45m.

✤ Parking must be in 90 degrees or other than 90 degrees.

✤ The minimum width of the drive way shall be 4.5m.

✤ Visitors parking shall be provided with minimum 10% of the parking area.
PARKING

✤ CELLAR PARKING: A basement apartment is an

apartment located below street level, underneath another
structure—usually an apartment building, but possibly a
house or a business. ... Rent in basement apartments is
usually much lower than it is in above-ground units, due
to a number of deficiencies common to basement .\for
cellars-Air change /hr. 5-10_3-10 ventilation
recommended
TYPES OF PARKING

✤ There are 3 types of parking

✤ Angled Parking: (30,45,60,90

Degrees)

✤ Parallel Parking

✤ Perpendicular Parking
CAR PARKING
✤ .A typical arrangement allows
an area of 2.4 m x 5 m for a car
park with a 6 m wide double
access lane between the car
parks.

✤ A wheelchair-accessible car
park should be at least 3.2 m x
5 m.

✤ As a general rule, provide

one car park for each unit.
CAR PARKING
Parking Requirement
Authority Area Area of Flat (One car Parking space
equal to 20 Sq. mts.)
Municipal Corporation a. Below 100 Sqm. 1 Car/Every 2 flats.
Area. b. Above 100 Sqm. 1 Car/Every 1 flats.
1 Car/Every 4 flats.
a. Upto 40 Sqm.
Other Areas of Urban 1 Car/Every 3 flast.
b. 40-60 Sqm.
Dev. Areas excluding 1 Car/Every 2 flats.
c. 60-100 Sqm.
Mpl. Corpn. Areas. 1 Car/Every 1 flats.
d. Above 100 Sqm.
Visitor’s Parking 1 Car/Every 10 flats.
MOTOR CYCLE PARKING
✤ .A motorcycle will need a parking space of 2.5 m x 1.2 m.

✤ As a rule of thumb, provide one motorcycle parking space for every five apartment units.

Parking Requirement
Area of Flat (One car Parking space
equal to 20 Sq. mts.)
Upto 40 Sqm
5 Scooters/every six flats.

40-60 Sqm 3Scooters/Every four flats.

40-60 Sqm 1Scooters/Every two flats.

Visitor’s Parking
3Scooters/Every four flats.
MOTOR CYCLE PARKING
✤ The parking shall be provided only on stilt floors. (ii)In plots of 1000 Sq.mtrs.
and above, where residential apartments are taken up two stilt parking will
also be permitted if necessary.

✤ To facilitate this developments, height restriction for construction on plots of

above 1000 Sq.mtrs. is relaxed.

✤ However, such constructions should adhere to the Multi-storied building

regulations.

✤ In plots of 2000 Sq.mtrs. and above parking will be allowed in basement and
on stilt floor.

✤ The basement will be allowed from the building line on the front side, on
remaining sides it will be permitted after leaving 1.5 mts from boundary wall.
RAMPS

✤ For parking spaces in basements and upper floors, at least

two ramps of minimum 3.6m width or one ramp of
minimum 5.4m width and adequate slope 1 in 8 shall be
provided.

✤ Such ramps shall not bellowed in mandatory setbacks

including building line, however they may be permitted in
the side and rear setbacks after leaving minimum7m of
setback for movement of fire-fighting vehicles.

✤ Access to these may also be accomplished through

provisions of mechanical lifts.
SERVICES
SECURITY SYSTEMS
✤ ACCESS POINTS: provide surveillance of all access points (entry doors) from
the public realm.

✤ GARDEN ACCESS: all apartment buildings to have access points from

communal spaces to the private communal garden.

✤ PASSIVE SURVEILLANCE: provide passive surveillance and activation to

all parts of the public realm.

✤ PRIVACY: ensure appropriate privacy of all dwellings from the public realm.

✤ PUBLIC / PRIVATE : all public and private areas around apartment

buildings to have adequate levels of artificial lighting which avoids pollution
and adverse amenity.

✤ FENCES + GATES: reduce the negative visual impacts of any required

security fences or screens – these should be generally designed as integral
parts of the ‘intricate bases’ for each composite group.
WATER SUPPLY

✤ The requirement is generally expressed in terms of

Average no. of liters/capita/day - throughout the year.

✤ According to Indian Standards specifications for

residences (IS:779), the domestic requirement of
water including drainage and sanitation is minimum
of 135 liters/head/day
WASTE WATER TREATMENT
✤ The basic steps in wastewater treatment
are:

✤ PRELIMINARY TREATMENT - To
protect plant operation

✤ SETTLING - To remove solids

✤ BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT - To
remove organic matter

✤ DISINFECTION - To remove pathogens

✤ SOLIDS PROCESSING - To provide

safe final disposal
RAIN WATER HARVESTING

✤ All buildings having a plot size of

100 sq m or more, shall mandatorily
include the complete proposal of
rain water harvesting.

✤ Harvesting provisions in various

building categories:
FIRE ISSUES
✤ Fire regulations may determine outcomes that seem
to be less than ideal from a sustainability perspective.
It may not be possible, for instance, to ensure that all
bathrooms and wet areas can have both natural light
and ventilation.
✤ Given the short occupancy periods of wet areas
generally, and the tight constraints on space planning
typical of the kind of denser dwelling type
represented by apartments, the trade off from
resorting to mechanical ventilation may be justifiable.
✤ Lightwells and atriums need careful design
consideration if there is to be any attempt to use them
as part of a passive design strategy.
✤ It is advisable to explore this sort of issue early in the
design process and discuss options with both service
engineers and building certifiers.
LIFTS
✤ The Planning, design and installation of lifts
including their number, type and capacity
depending on the occupancy of the building,
the population on each floor based on the
occupant load of the building, height shall be
inaccordance .

✤ A lift with 4 persons and 320 kg of capacity

shaft size should be 1300 W x 1450 D and cabin
size should be 900 W x 1000 D.

✤ A lift with 6 persons and 480 kg of capacity

shaft size should be 1500 W x 1650 D and cabin
size should be 950 W x 1300 D.

✤ A lift with 8 persons and 630 kg of capacity

shaft size should be 15500 W x 1750 D and
cabin size should be 1100 W x 1400 D.
FIRE EXIT REQUIREMENTS
✤ An exit may be a doorway; corridor passageway(s) to an internal
staircase, or external staircase, or to a VERANDAH or terrace(s),
which have access to the street, or to the roof of a building or a
refuge area.

✤ An exit may also include a horizontal exit leading to an

adjoining building at same level.

✤ Lifts and escalators shall not be considered as exits.

✤ Every exit, exit access or exit discharge shall be continuously

maintained free of all obstructions or impediments to full use in
the case of fire or other emergency.
FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

✤ All buildings depending upon

the occupancy use and height
shall be protected by fue
extinguishers, wet riser,
down-comer, automatic
sprinkler installation,
high/medium velocity water
spray, foam, gaseous or dry
powder system in.
BUILDING REQUIREMENTS
✤ For buildings 15 m in height or above non-combustible materials should be used for
construction and the internal walls of staircase enclosures should be of brick work or
reinforced concrete or any other material of construction with minimum of 2 h rating.

✤ The walls for the chimney shall be depending on whether the gas temperature is above
200”C or less.

✤ Fire catching Areas And Reasons For Fire Accidents In Residential Buildings Kitchen,
Short circuits etc. Set backs are must and stood for any kind of structure or buildings.

✤ In case of apartments set backs should be 1/3rd of the building height.

✤ The compulsory open spaces around the building shall not be used for parking;

✤ The main entrance; the width of such entrance shall be not less than 4.5 m. If an arch or
covered gate is constructed, it shall have a clear head-room of not less than 5 m.
BUILDING
REQUIREMENTS
GREEN BUILDINGS AND
SUSTAINABILITY PROVISIONS

✤ All buildings on various plot sizes

above 100m2 shall comply with the
green norms.

✤ Roof top solar energy installations

✤ Norms for roof top solar PV

installations and generation.
ACOUSTIC
PRIVACY
✤ Apartments near commercial
activities should be designed
with regard to the potential
noise from those activities by
locating noise-sensitive sleeping
and living areas and private
open spaces away from the noise
source and by incorporating
appropriate noise reduction
measures in the external walls of
the building.
Streetscape and
Public Areas
✤ Buildings are to be sited and
designed to avoid excessive cut and
fill, particularly adjacent to
boundaries.

✤ On major avenues, where a

proposal does not build to the side
boundary, at least one side
boundary setback should be
available for deep-rooted planting.
COMMON SPACE
✤ Common open spaces are to be not
less than 20% of the total site area.
The calculation of the common open
space is not to include front
setbacks or narrow strips of residual
land not visually or physically
incorporated into the area, or areas
not readily accessible by residents.

✤ Ensure sufficient deep soil zones are

provided within the common open
space to enable the establishment
and healthy growth of deeprooted
plants into natural subsoils.
PRIVATE OPEN
SPACE
✤ The minimum area of screened private
open space for each ground floor
apartment is 24 m2. The minimum
dimension in one direction is 4 m, to be
directly off a main living area and is to
be located to maximise solar access.
Space for service functions, such as air
conditioners, is to be additional to this
minimum area.

✤ Upper level balconies/terraces located

adjacent to a main living area are to be a
minimum area of 6 m2 and a minimum
dimension of 1.8 m. Wider balconies are
preferred.
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
✤ Photovoltaic panels are less cost
effective on apartment buildings as
there are more dwellings per site area
compared with the roof area available
to carry the panels. Nevertheless, the
provision of PVs can be very
worthwhile as the energy captured can
be used to offset the energy use and
other running costs of community or
strata corporations for common areas
and services. Incorporating PVs into
the fabric of the building as functional
cladding helps to amortise the
investment in them by giving them
multiple functions
SHADING
✤ Shading should be dealt with
according to the same principles
that apply to detached homes.
With multi-level buildings it
may be desirable to use shade to
protect the whole façade but the
practicality of this depends on
other aspects of the design.
Balconies and shade structures
may be used rather than reliance
on eaves.
SUSTAINABLE
LANDSCAPES
✤ The extent of landscaping associated with
these dwelling types varies considerably,
ranging from environments dominated
with hard surfaces with very limited
plantings to leafy, substantial vegetation
surrounding and dominating the
immediate external environment. There
are many opportunities to integrate
sustainable landscaping practices into
medium and high density developments
including:

✤ Low water use vegetation.Water sensitive

design.Community produce
gardens.Green roofs, roof gardens and
living walls.
MATERIALS
✤ Choose enduring materials
that are easy to maintain and retain their
appearance over time.

✤ Choose materials that are fit for purposing.

exterior tiles that are exposed to the elements
should be non-slip.

✤ Consider the use of local materials

that reflect the local environment and character.

✤ Consider the use of different materials
to break down the scale of large buildings.

✤ When using combination of materials, consider

how one will affect another and detail
appropriately to avoid unsightly reactions
REFERENCES

✤ https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FD1PTbjiiKFALWtZuxarUQ3Y_9a
NGMva/view?usp=drivesdk 

✤ https://drive.google.com/file/d/18f1-6boSYcDPH1t8ijqs8iEqAAcKpk
Yh/view?usp=drivesdk

✤ https://
drive.google.com/file/d/1qVkZkRPbDuSSuT7b_jG1afNWJTeHsnHu
/view?usp=drivesdk

✤ https://www.scribd.com/presentation/386884581/Literature-Study

✤ https
THANK YOU
DONE BY
M. LAKSHMI AKSHAYA
19011AA015