BRAIN-COMPUTER

INTERFACE

BY
RAHUL SHARMA

LAKSHMI NARAIN COLLEGE OF

TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE
Organization:
• A brief introduction of BCI
• Know your brain
• How does BCI work?
• Experiments and researches
• Applications
• Is it harmful?
• Queries
A Brief Introduction to BCI
• BCI(Brain Computer Interface), often called Mind Machine
Interface(MMI) or Direct Neural Interface(DNI).

• It is a technology to communicate human brain directly to a

computer or any communication device without any physical contact.

• The history starts with Hans Berger’s discovery of electrical activity

of human brain and EEG in 1924.

• The research on BCI began on 1970 at the University of California Los

Angeles.
Know Your Brain
•The human brain is divided into two parts:
a. Cerebral cortex
b. Subcortical regions.

•Research focused on Cerebral cortex system.

•Cerebral cortex is subdivided into two hemispheres :

a.Left hemisphere
b.Right hemisphere
 How Does BCI Works?

• The BCI works on the principle of Electroencephalography

(EEG) and fNIRS (Functional near IR spectroscopy).

• There are two methods to interface brain with computer:

a. Invasive
b. Non-invasive.

• Generally EEG is preferred for the experiment .

• EEG uses non-invasive method.

Figure: Invasive and Non-invasive method
Figure(s): Working of BCI
In 2002 Jens Naumann was successfully implanted artificial eyes
 Experiments and Researches
• May 2008, Monkey operated a robotic arm by thinking in
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
University if Washington researchers have performed first brain to brain
communication
 Applications
1. Communication:
2. Gift for handicapped or physically disabled people:
3. Robotics:
4. Virtual Reality:
 Is It Harmful?
• Ethical issues.

• Invasive method can create scar tissue in the brain.

• Will make human lazy.