POLYME

R
PRESENTED BY, MERAJ SIDDIQUI
M Pharm 1st year Department :
Pharmaceutics
VIDYA BHARTI COLLEGE OF
PHARMACY, AMRAVATI 1
 INTRODUCTION
 Polymers are very large molecules made when
hundreds of monomers join together to form long chains .
 The word POLYMER comes from the Greek words poly
means many and mer means parts .

 All plastics are polymers , but not all polymers are plastics

N(CH2-CH2) (-CH2-CH2-)s
Ethylene Polyethylene
2
DEFINATION;

Polymer are long chain organic

molecules assembeled from many
smaller molecules called as
monomers.

3
CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMER

4
BASED ON ORIGIN OF SOURCE
1. Natural Polymer :- Polymers which are isolated
from natural materials are called as Natural
Polymers . E.g. : Cotton, silk, wool, rubber etc.
2. Synthetic Polymer :- Polymers which are
synthesized from low molecular weight compounds
are called as Synthetic Polymers. E.g. :
Polyethylene, nylon, etc .
3. Semisynthetic Polymers :- These polymers are mostly
derived from naturally occurring polymers by
chemical modification . E.g. : Rayon

5
 BASED ON STRUCTURE
1. Linear Polymer : Molecules form
long chains without branches.
Eg. Nylon, polyester etc.
2. Branched Polymer : Molecules
having branch points that connect 3
or more segments. Eg. De.nsity
polythene, glycogen, starch etc.
3. Cross-Linked Polymer : It
includes interconnections
between chains. Eg. Teflon,
polystyrene PVC etc.
4. Network Polymer : A cross linked
polymer that includes numerous
interconnections between chains.
Eg. High-density polyethene, low-
density polyethene, phenol
formaldehyde.
6
BASED ON MODE OF POLYMERISATION
1. Additional Polymerization :
• Same kind of monomers are straight forwadely added.
• It is rapid chain reaction having chemically activated mers.
• Each reaction sets up the condition for another to proceed.
• It consists of 3 stages :

Initiation Propagation Termination

(Birth) (Growth) (Death)

7
Cont......
2. Condensation Polymerization :
• It involves a reaction between two
polymerization
monomers with the expulsion of a simple by product .
A+B AB + Simple by product
• It involves individual chemical reaction between reactive
mer .
• By product is formed and condensed out .
• This reaction is slower than additional polymerization.
• Need reactive functional groups .

8
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMER
• Low density

• Low coefficient of friction

• Good corrosion resistance

• Good mould ability

• Poor tensile strength

• Low mechanical properties

• Poor temperature resistance

• Can be produced transparent or different colours 9

 APPLICATION
1. Medicine : Many biomaterials especially heart valve
replacements and blood vessels are made up of
polymers like dacron , teflon .
2. Consumer Science : Plastic containers of all shapes
and sizes are light weight and economically less
expensive than more traditional containers .
3. Industry : Automobile parts , pipes , tanks , packing
material , adhesives are all polymer application used
in industrial market .
4. Sports : Playground equipment , golf clubs , swimming
pools and protective helmets are produced from
polymers. 10
Thank You