DISCRETE –TIME(DT) FILTERS

• A discrete-time filter is a discrete-time system which allows the

frequency components of pass band and stops the frequency
components of stop band.
• An ideal discrete-time filter is best in frequency selectivity.
Filters can be represented by impulse response, transfer function or
frequency response.

• The impulse response of a system h[n] is the output that

it produces in response to an impulse input.
• The z-transform of the impulse response h[n] is called the transfer
function H(z).
• The frequency response H(e jw ) is obtained from the transfer function
H(z), by evaluating the transfer function at specific values of z = e jw
TYPES OF DT FILTERS - IIR AND FIR
 EXAMPLE OF FIR FILTER
y[n] = x[n] + 0.5 x[n-1]

Impulse response: h[n] = {1, 0.5}

Transfer function: H(z)
Frequency response: H(ejw)
Properties
Impulse response has finite length
Only zeroes are present (all-zero filter)
FIR filters are always stable
Linear phase response
 EXAMPLE OF IIR FILTER
y[n] = x[n] + 0.5y[n - 1]

Impulse response: h[n] = {1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, .....} = (0.5)n u[n]
Properties
Impulse response has infinite length
Poles and zeroes are present
Stability cannot be guaranteed
Non-linear phase response