Difference between

mandibular first and second

premolar
By:
Purnima , Krutika , Archana , Ishita , Radhika
 Basic Differences
Mandibular 1st Premolar Mandibular 2nd Premolar

First evidence of calcification is 21 -24 First evidence of calcification is 27 – 30

months. months.

Enamel completed 5-6 years. Enamel completed 6-7 years.

Erruption 11 -12 years.

Erruption 10 -12 years.

Root completed 12 – 13 years. Root completed 13-14 years.

 Basic Difference
Mandibular 1st Premolar Mandibular 2nd Premolar

Crown does not show any variations. There are three types of crowns Y , H and
•. U.

Crown is smaller . The tooth is smallest of Crown is larger . The tooth is largest of all
all premolars . premolars .

Less efficient as masticatory organ. More efficient as masticatory organ.

Buccal Aspect

Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd

Premolar Premolar
 Buccal Aspect
Mandibular 1st Premolar Mandibular 2nd Premolar

• . mesiodistally.
Narrower Wider mesiodistally.

Crown is bilaterally asymmetrical. Crown is bilaterally symmetrical.

Middle buccal lobe is well developed , The mandibular second premolar

resulting in large , pointed buccal presents a shorter buccal cusp than
cusp. the first premolar.
 Buccal Aspect
Mandibular 1st Premolar Mandibular 2nd Premolar

• buccal
Tip of . cusp is sharper . Tip of buccal cusp is not so sharp.

Buccal developmental grooves are Buccal developmental grooves are

well defined . less defined .

Compared to its size occlusogingival Occlusogingival length is shorter than

length is not so short. other premolars.
Lingual Aspect

Mandibular 1st Premolar

Mandibular 2nd Premolar
 Lingual Aspect
Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd
Premolar Premolar

• . surface is not so well

Lingual Lingual surface is well developed and
developed and is much smaller . is larger .

Lingual cusp is shorter and covers Lingual cusp is bigger and covers
smaller area of the occlusal surface . larger area of the occlusal surface .

Lingual grooves is absent . Lingual groove is present in Y type.

Mesiolingual groove is present.
 Lingual Aspect
Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd
Premolar Premolar

• . does not show variation in

Surface Surface show considerable variatons,
size. may be narrower in width or same in
width as buccal.

Crown and root tapers remarkably The lingual portion of crown

towards the lingual portion. converges little from buccal portion.

Most of the mesial and distal surface Less of mesial and distal side are
may be seen from the lingual aspect. seen.
Mesial Aspect

Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd

Premolar Premolar
Distal Aspect

Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd

Premolar Premolar
 Mesial and Distal Aspect
Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd
Premolar Premolar

Both •mesial
. and distal surfaces are Both mesial and distal surfaces are
smaller. larger.

Marginal grooves are usually absent. Marginal grooves are always present.

Mesial marginal ridge inclines Both the ridges are horizontal.

cervically above 45 degree and distal
marginal ridge is horizontal.
 Mesial and Distal Aspect
Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd
Premolar Premolar

• .and distal surface converge

Mesial Mesial and distal surface converge
more rapidly toward lingual. less rapidly.

Mesiolingual groove is present. No mesiolingual groove is present.

Root apex is comparatively less blunt. Root apex compartively more blunt.
Occlusal Aspect

Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd

Premolar Premolar
 Occlusal Aspect
Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd
Premolar Premolar

• . surface show no variation in

Occlusal Occlusal surface shows variations and
its form. are of three types : Y , H and U.

Occlusal outline is diamond shaped. Occlusal outline is square or round

shaped.

Formed almost entirely by buccal Formed by both buccal and lingual

cusp. cusp.
 Occlusal Aspect
Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd
Premolar Premolar

• . pit is never present.

Central Central pit is present in Y type of
premolar.

Transverse ridge is common linking No transverse ridge is seen.

both buccal and lingual cusps.

Mesial marginal ridge is shorter and Mesial and Distal marginal ridge are
less prominent than distal marginal similar.
ridge.
 Occlusal Aspect
Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd
Premolar Premolar

• . in size and less masticatory

Smaller Larger in size and masticatory
function. function is more.

Buccal cusp is more than twice the Buccal cusp is almost equal in size of
size of lingual cusp. lingual cusp.

Occlusal surface slopes lingually. Occlusal surface is horizontal.

 Root
Mandibular 1st Mandibular 2nd
Premolar Premolar

• . in all dimensions.
Smaller Larger in all dimensions.

Usually straight. May tend to curve distally at apex.

Root may show tendency to bifurcate. Root does not show tendency to
bifurcate.
Thank You !