What is basic differences between primary and permanent in
mandibular second molars ?
Primary teeth Permanent
teeth
Crown Shorter ,Narrow Occlusal
table ,Constricted in cervical
portion
Historical Thinner enamel and dentin
layers, Enamel rods in the
cervical area directed
Occlusally; Broad and flat
contacts, Color is usually
.lighter
Buccal aspect It has characteristics that
resemble those of the
permanent mandibular first
molar, although its
dimensions differ. It has a
narrow M - D calibration at
the cervical portion of the
.crown than at contact level
Lingual aspect TWO cusps of almost equal
dimensions seen, a short,
lingual groove is between
them. The cervical line is
relatively straight, the
mesial portion of the crown
seems to be a little higher
than the distal portion, thus
.appears tipped distally
Mesial aspect Outline of the Crown
Resembles Permanent
Mandibular First Molar. The
Crest of Contour Buccally is
more Prominent Marginal
Ridge Island High Lingual
Cusp is Longer, Or Higher,
Than The Buccal Susp. The
Cervical Line is Regular *
The Mesial Root Is Unusual
Broad and flat with a blun
and apextimes serrated
Distal aspect The crown is not as wide
distally as it is mesially ;
therefore , the mesiobuccal
and distobuccal cusp from
the distal aspect . The
distolingual cusp appears
well developed , and the
triangular ridge is seen over
Bigger, Broad Occlusal
table , Cervical constriction
.is not Well marked
Thick enamel and dentin
layer. Enamel rod in the
cervical area directed
Gingivally. Point contacts,
, .Color is much darker
The crown is shorter and_1
narrower mesiodistally than
.6
There is one dev. - 2
groove dividing the
mesiobuccal and
distobuccal cusps which are
.equal in size
Two roots (mesial and - 3
distal) are less broad and
.closer together
Only the lingual cusp is in
view because the tips of the
lingual cusps are higher
.than the buccal cusps
The cervical ridge_1
buccally is less pronounced,
and the occlusal surface is
constricted buccolingually.
2 - The cervical line shows
.no curvature
The 2 roots may be - 3
seen from this
Absence of course Cusp_1
.and Distibuccal Groove
Most of the Occlusal - 2
Surface Can Be Seen from
this aspect
 the distal marginal ridge .
The distal marginal ridge
dips down rmore sharply
and is shorter buccolingually
than the mesial marginal
ridge . * This cervical line of
the crown is regular
Occlusall The Occlusal Outline is I1_it is roughly rectangular
somewhat Rectangular The The central groove is in - 2
Three Buccal Cusps is a Sitial the center, with the lingual
The size of the two cupps and buccal dev. grooves
are found by Matched. Well meeting with the central
- Defined Triangular Ridges groove at right angle 3 -
Seen The District Triangular Four cusps, 2 buccal
Fossa is not as well as the (mesiobuccal, and
destination ,, The Mesial distobuccal) and 2 lingual
Triangular Fossa, The (mesiolingual and
Mnesial Marginal Ridge is distolingual). 4 - Many
on the Doubletin Marginal supplemental grooves
Ridge radiating \ from the
.developmental grooves
Root Mesial roots of Two roots which are less
both mandibular first broad than 6, and close
together
and second primary
molars showed two
canals, while
distal roots had
either one or two
canals. However, if
the distal root was
divided into
distobuccal and
distolingual roots,
there was only one
 canal for each
Eruptions 23mon_31mon 11yer_13yer
Length overall 18.8mm 13mm root
7mm crown