Convergence of crown and root- all incisors converge

Oral Anatomy Lecture Reviewer lingually

Length of crown and root- crown is shorter than root
Module 3 Crest of Curvature Proximally- from the cervical third
Maxillary and Mandibular Incisors (cingulum and cervical curvature area)
Shape (proximal)- wedge-shaped; S-shaped (lingual side)
Convergence on incisal edges- towards lingual
Root shapes and tiltness- conical in shape and it tapers
towards the cervix area; blunt; tilted towards distal

-Upper incisors are most prominent teeth and larger than

others
-derived from the latin word “Incidere” meaning incisors -Shovel-shaped and have one root
-total of 8 incisors -positioned in the premaxilla jaw
-thin blade-like crowns for shearing and cutting
-only teeth in contact with mesial surfaces are Central
Incisors

Contact point- junction bet. middle and cervical third

Incisors in general:
Shape- rectangular; (trapezoidal geometrically)
Dimension (labial)- longer cervico-incisal dimension than the
mesiodistal dimension
Tapering- from the contact area and narrows to the cervical *punch and cut food
area
Outline Symmetrically- mesial outline is less convex than the
distal outline in all incisors except in mandibular i. which are
bilateral in symmetry
Line angle- mesioincisal line angle is less rounded than
distoincisal line angle
Contact area- mesial: on the incisal third; distal: middle third
(maxillary)
Mesial: near incisal third (mandibular)

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CL- Cervical line Perikymata- fine horizontal lines on cervical third of crown
C- cingulum present in newly erupted incisors and vanishes bc of abrasion
MMR- Mesial marginal ridge - known as the neo natal lines or rings
LF- lingual fossa *Striae of Retzius- can be found on anterior and posterior
DMR- distal marginal ridge teeth; incremental growth lines/bands seen in tooth enamel
LIE (1)- labio-incisal edge Incremental line of Retzius- growth lines that will become
LIE (2)- lingual-incisal edge the incremental pattern of enamel; brownish in color depicts
Incisal edge is formed by the junction of linguo-incisal surface growth period
sometimes called the incisal surface. Imbrication line of pickerill- lines formed by ends of rod
Incisal Ridge- portion of the crown which makes up the bundles that overlie one another and are arranged in
complete incisal portion; came from the incisal edges scalariform fashion on the surface of the crown of a tooth
Notations:
1,1 (palmer’s)
8,9 (universal notation)
11, 21 (FDI)

*Distoincisal angle- obtuse

*Root conical in shape and apex (root end) tilted towards the
distal

*Perikymata
*Mesioincisal angle- sharper than distoincisal; 90 degrees
Distoincisal angle- obtuse
*mamelons
*mesial outline straight; distal outline convex *Developmental lines came from 3 lobes of mamelons and
will also become the labial ridge

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*lingual surface- scooplike form

*root is 2-3mm longer than crown

*line drawn from apex to center of crown is parallel to mesial
outline
*apex is blunt
Lingual Aspect:

Maxillary Central Incisors

Labial Aspect:

*lingual aspect has convexities and a concavity

Cingulum- is nearer the distal marginal ridge

Cervico-incisal measurement:
*10-11mm cervical line to incisal edge (high to low)
Mesiodistal measurement:
*8-9mm at contact areas
*1.5 - 2mm less where root joins the crown
Lingual fossa- shallow concavity; smooth surface on lingual
side
2 marginal ridges
LIE- linguoincisal edge will soon become the incisal edge
Incisal edge- divided into 2: LIE1 (Labioincisal edge) LIE2
(Linguoincisal edge)

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 *crest of contour/ crest of curvature with greatest
labiolingual measurement

CEJ curves incisally

*3-4mm curvature mesial CEJ
*Root is cone-shaped; apex is bluntly rounded
Distal Aspect:

*crown and root taper lingually

*lingual portion of root is narrower
*cross section of root is triangular w/ rounded angles (labial,
mesial and distal going lingually); mesial side is longer
Mesial Aspect:

Incisal Aspect:

-crown is wedge-shaped/ triangular

-straight line from apex of root goes to the incisal edge
*incisal ridges lingual to the bisecting line

*labiolingual dimension is thicker than mesiodistal dimension

*mesiolabial and distolabial line angles are prominent from
incisal aspect

Cervical ridge area- highest convexity on labial part

Cingulum- highest convexity on lingual

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 -smaller in size in all direction except root
-looked more assymetrical; triangular
-crown is shorter 1-1.5 mm cervico-incisally

Notations:
2, 2 (palmer’s)
7, 10 (universal)
12, 22 (FDI)

Mesioincisal angle- sharp; 90 degrees *5 teeth that don’t usually develop

Distoincisal angle- rounded; obtuse
Position points-
Distal= junction of incisal and middle third
Maxillary Lateral Incisors:
Mesial= incisal third Labial Aspect:
Curvature on the cervical line- mesial cervical line is longer
compared to distal cervical line
Length of Mesial Marginal Ridge= longer because of the
position of the cingulum.
*The cingulum is distally placed kaya shorter yung distal
marginal ridge.

-both angles are rounder; mas rounder lng tlg distal edge or
less rounder mesial

Variations- abnormality
1) short crown and sometimes very long root
2) rarely absent
3) hutchinson incisors –parents have congenital
syphilis then passed to child
4) deep lingual pit
A. may developmental groove passed across cingulum
towards lingual fossa
D. short crown and root
Contact point-
mesial side: point of junction of middle and incisal third
distal side: center of middle third
*Contact point=crest of contour

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 *Mesial cervical of lateral incisors is shorter than the mesial
cervical of central incisors

Root curvature- tilted normally towards the distal

Root length- longer sometimes than central incisors’
-1.5 times the length of crown
Distal Aspect:

Lingual Aspect:

* distal surface is thicker than mesial surface

Incisal Aspect:

*Labiolingual is greater than mesiodistal

*mesial marginal ridge longer than distal marginal ridge bc

cingulum is towards the distal marginal ridge
*it is not uncommon to find a deep developmental groove at
the side of the cingulum on distal side towards the root of
tooth (sometimes causes cavity/ periodontal/ bone and gum
problem) called: Palatoradicular groove

Mesial Aspect:

distal incisal angle is more rounded than mesial incisal

root tip curves towards the distal
contact points:
mesial side: point of junction of middle and incisal third
distal side: center of middle third
curvature of cervical line- mesial cervical line is more curved
than distal cervical line (in all teeth)
Curvature of mesial is shorter in lateral incisors than in
central incisors
*mesial cervical line is longer compared to distal cervical line

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 One of the rare developmental anomalies particularly in the
maxillary lateral incisor teeth that usually begins in central
fossa crosses the cingulum and extends to a varying distance
apically up to the root apex
Permanent Mandibular Incisors
Dilacerations- curved masyado yung root

Talon cusp- like a tubercle; extra enamel portion

Supplemental tooth-
-smallest compared to all (mandibular central incisors)
-narrower mesiodistally
-smooth surfaces both labial and lingual surfaces
-both mesial and distal outlines are straight and parallel
-less lingual fossa
-flattened mesiodistally
-first permanent teeth to replace the deciduous teeth are
st
permanent mandibular incisors (first to come out are 1
permanent molars)
-important in speech
-least developmental variations
Mandibular Central Incisors

Hindi agad nabubuo^^ -smallest tooth in dental arches

-bc of genes
Notation:
-1,1 (palmer’s)
-25, 24 (universal)
-41, 31 (FDI)

Labial Aspect:
*begins in central fossa crosses the cingulum and extends to
the root apically

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 *CEJ of mesial and distal aspect is towards the crown; CEJ of
labial aspect is towards the root
Distal Aspect:

Contact point:
Distal- center of middle third
Mesial- junction of middle and incisal third
*parallel mesial and distal outlines
Lingual Aspect:
-distal CEJ is 1mm shorter than the mesial
-cervical line is towards incisal ridge
*root of lateral incisors are longer than the central incisors’
*distal aspect is wider than the mesial aspect
Incisal Aspect:

*smooth lingual surface

Mesial Aspect:

*Mandibular Central incisors’ angle are sharper than the

lateral’s

-labiolingual diameter is greater

*cervical line curvature is almost 1/3 of length of crown

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Mesiodens- extra tooth; usually seen on lower central -mesial: near the junction of middle and incisal third
incisors -distal: at the junction of middle and incisal third
Incisal Aspect:

C. Talon cusp- like a tuberclelocated on lingual of tooth

particularly cingulum

Mandibular Lateral Incisors

-for shearing (or chewing sbi ni sir)

-larger than mandibular central incisors
-less symmetrical than mandibular central incisors
-resembles mandibular central incisors
Notation:
-2,2 (palmer’s)
-26, 23 (univ.)
-42, 32 (FDI)
Labial and Lingual Aspects:

Mesial and Distal Aspect:

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