43

Pertemuan 20 s/d 21 INVERS

TRANSFORMASI LAPLACE DAN
SIFAT-SIFATNYA
Jika Transformasi Laplace dari F(t) adalah f(s) : L[F(t)]=f(s) maka F(t) disebut
invers Transformasi Laplace atau kebalikan dari Transformasi Laplace yang
dinotasikan dengan
F (t ) = L−1 [ f (s)]
Contoh : [
s−a
L[e at ] = s − a , maka L ] = e at
1 −1 1

Rumus Invers Transformasi Laplace

1. −1
1
L =1 ;s>0

s
Bukti :
L[1] = L[t 0
] = 0! =1 , maka
1
L−1[ s] = 1
s
s0+1
2. −1
1 tn tn ; s > 0; n > -1; Γ(n + 1) = nΓn = n!
L n+1 = =
s n! Γ(n + 1)
Bukti :
L[t n ] = n! , maka − 1 [ n! ] =
L tn
s n+1 1
sn+
−1
n!L [ 1 ] = t n

sn+1
−1
1 t
n

L [ ] = n!
s n+1
Γ(n + 1) , maka
n −1 n
Γ(n + 1)
L[t ]= n+1 L n+1 =t
s
s
 44

−1 n
1
Γ(n + 1).L n+1 =t
s
−1
1 tn
L n+1 = Γ(n + 1)
s
Jadi −1
1 tn = tn ; s > 0; n > -1; Γ(n + 1) = nΓn = n!
L n+1 =
n! Γ(n + 1)
s

3. −1
1 at
;s>a
L =e

s−a
Bukti :
L[e at ] = s − a , maka L [ s − a ] = e at
;s>a
1 −1 1
4. −1
ω

L = sin ωt ;s>0
s 2+ 2

ω
Bukti :
L[sin ωt] = ω
+ω2
s2
maka −1
ω
L 2 2 = sin ωt s>0;
+
s
ω
5. −1
s s>0
L 2 2 = cos ωt
s +
ω

Bukti :
L[coωt] = s

s2 +ω2
maka −1 s
L = coωt; s > 0
s2+ 2

ω
5. −1
a

L 2 2 = sinh at ;s> a
−a
s
Bukti :
 45

a maka −1
a
L[sinh at] = 2 2
L 2 2
= sinh at s>a
s −a s −a
6. −1
s
L 2= cosh at ;s> a
s 2− a
Bukti :
s maka −1
s
L[cosh at] = 2 2 L 2 2 = cosh at s>a
s − s −a
a
SIFAT INVERS TRANSFORMASI LAPLACE

1. Sifat Kelinearan
Jika L−1[ f ( s )] = F (t) dan L-1[ f
2
(s)] = F (t)
1 1 2

Maka L −
1 [C f (s ) + C
1 2
f (s)] = C L
2 −
1 [ (s)]+ C 2 L−1 [ f 2 (s)] = C F (t ) + C 2 F (t)
f
1 1 1 11 2

Contoh :

−1 −1 −1 −1
8 3S 5 8 3S 5
L [ S 3 − S2 +4 + S + 1 ] = L [ S 3 ] − L [ S2 +4 ]+ L [ S + 1 ]
−1 −1 −1
1 S 1
= 8L [ S 3 ]−3L [ S2 +4 ]+ 5L [ S + 1 ]
−1 −1 −1
1 S 1
= 8L [ ]−3L [ S2 +4 ] + 5L [ S − (−1) ]
S 2+1
2
= 8. t − 3cos 2t + 5e−t
2!

= 4t 2 − 3cos 2t + 5e−t

2. Sifat Translasi
Jika L−1 [ f (s)]= F (t ) maka :
L−1 [ f ( s − a)] = eat F (t) = eat L−1[ f (s)]

Bukti:
 46

L[eat F (t)] = f (s − a)
,maka L−1 [ f (s − a)] = eat F(t) = e L [ f (s)]
at −1

Contoh:
-1 −1
2 2
L [ s2 + 2s + 5 ] = L [ (s2 + 2s + 1) + 4 ]
−1
2
= L [ (s + 1)2 + 22 ]
t. −1
2
= L [ + 22 ]
e s2
t.
e sin 2t
b. L [ −as
f ( s ) ] = {0
; t <a

e
−1 F (t −a ) ; t >a

Bukti:

L[F (t )] = e− as . f (s),
maka L [e −as f (s)] = {0 (t −a ) ; t <a
−1 F ; t >a

atau L−1[e− as f (s)] = µ(t − a).F (t − a)

Contoh :
−1 −1 −2 s
6e−2 s 6
L 4 =L [e . 4 ]=
s s
−1 −1
f(s)= 6 [ f (s )] −1 6 1
4 , maka F (t ) = L =L 4 = 6L [ 4]
s s s
−1 3
1 t3 6t 3
= 6L [
]= 6. 3! = 6 = t
s3+1
F (t) = t 3 dan a=2, maka F (t − 2) = (t − 2)3
Jadi −1 3

6e−2s
L [ ] = µ(t − 2).F (t − 2) = µ(t − 2).(t − 2)
s 4

3. Sifat Perubahan Skala

Jika −1
[ f (s)]= F (t ) maka −1
s = a.F (at) [XXX −1
[ f (as)]= 1 t ]
)
L L f( L F
a a a
 47

Bukti :
L[F (at)] = 1 s ) , maka −1
1 s
f( L f( ) = F (at)
a a a a
s
.L−1 f ( ) = F (at) a
a
−1
s
L f( ) = a.F (at)
a
Contoh :
3 1
−1 3 −1 9 −1 3
L 2 =L 2 =L 2 =
s +9 s +9 s 9
+
9 9 9
1
−1 3 1 −1 1 1
=L = L = .3sin 3t
(s) 3 (s ) 3
3 +1 3 +1
sin 3t

Invers Transformasi Laplace dari Derivatif

n
*Perkalian dengan t
Jika L−1 [ f (s)]= F (t ) maka L−1 [f (n) (s)]= (− 1)n .t n .F (t)
Bukti:
L[t n .F (t )] = (− 1) n . f (n) (s ) ,

maka L−1 [(− 1) n

.f (n) (s )]= t n .F (t)
(− 1)n .L−1 [ f (n) (s)]= t n .F (t)
tn
[
L−1 f (n) ( s ) = ] .F (t)
(− 1)n
[ ]
L−1 f (n) (s ) = (− 1)n .t n .F (t) = (− 1)n .t n .L−1[ f (s)]

Contoh :
 48

−1
1
L 2 =
(s − 2)

Jawab:
1 , maka −1
1 2t
f (s) = L =e
s −2 s− 2
f (s) = 1 = (s − 2)−1
s −2
(1) −1−1
f (s) = (−1).(s − 2) .(s − 2)'

−2
f (1) (s) = (−1).(s − 2) .(1) = − 1

(s − 2)2
Menurut Rumus:
L−1 [ f (n) (s )]= (− 1)n .t n .F (t) = (− 1)n .t
(s)]
n .L−1[ L−1 [ f (1) ( s )]= (− 1)1 .t1 .F (t) = (− 1)1

.t1.L−1[ f (s)]
−1 . −1
1 1
(−1)L 2 = (−1) t .L [ ]
− 2) s −2
(s
−1 2t
1
L 2 = t.e
(s − 2)

5. Invers Transformasi Laplace dari Integral

−1 −1 t
[ f (s )] = F(t ) maka f (s) F (u)du
=
* JikaL L s ∫0

Bukti:
t −1 t
f(s) f (s)
L
∫0 F (u)du = , maka L = ∫0 F (u)du
s s

n
Perkalian dengan s Jika L−1
[ f (s )] = F(t ) maka
a. L−1 [s. f (s )] = F ' (t ) ; F(0) = 0
 49

Bukti :
L[ dF ] = s.L[F (t)] − F (0) , di mana F(0)=0

dt
L[ dF ] = s. f (s) − 0 = s. f (s) ,

dt
maka −1
dF '

L [s. f (s)] = dt = F (t)

[
b. L−1 s 2 . f ( s ) − s.F (0)]= F"(t) ; F(0) ≠ 0

Bukti :
L[ d 2 F ] = s2 .L[F (t)] − s.F (0) , di mana F(0) ≠ 0

dt 2
L[ d 2 F ] = s2 . f (s) − s.F (0) ,
dt 2 L−1 s 2 . f ( s ) − s.F (0) = F"(t)
[ ]
maka
* Pembagian dengan s

−1 t
[ f ( s )]= F (t) −1 f (s)
Jika L maka L =
∫ F (u) du

s o

Bukti:
t −1 t
f (s ) f (s)
=
L ∫0 F (u)du = , maka L ∫0 F (u)du
s
s
* Sifat Convolution

Jika L−1[ f (s )] = F(t) ; L-1[g(s)] = G(t) maka

F (u) G( t - u) atau
L−1 [ f ( s ). g( s )] = ∫ t

o
du
t

= ∫ G(u) F( t - u) du
o
 50

Contoh:
1. −1 4 − 5s
L =
3 2
s

Jawab:
−1 −1 −1 −1
4 − 5s 4 5s 1 1
L 3 =L 3 − 3 = 4.L 3 − 5.L 1
2 2 2 2 2
s s
s s s
−1 −1
1 1
= 4.L 1 − 5.L −1
2+1 2+1
s s
2
t1 t− 1 2
= 4. − 5.
γ (1 2 + 1) 1
γ(− 2 + 1)
12 2
4.t 5. − 1 2 8.t 1 2 5. − 1
= − t = −t =
1 1
1 2.γ ( 2) γ (1 2) γ ( 2) γ ( 12 )
1 2
8. 2 5. − 1 2 8.t 12 − 5.t −1

= t 1 −t
2 ) 1 2 ) = γ 1 2)
γ( γ( (
8.t 1 2 − 5.t −1 2 8.t 12 −5.t − 1 2

= =
γ (1 ) π
2
2. −1
1
L [ s + 2s ] = 2

Jawab:
−1 −1
1 1
L [ s 2 + 2s ] = L [ s(s + 2) ] =
1 = A+B
s(s + 2) s s+2
A = s. 1 = 1 12
=
s(s + 2) 0 + 2
(di mana s=0 )
B = (s + 2). 1 = 1 = − 12

s(s + 2) −2
(di mana s+2 = 0, maka s=-2 )
 51

−1 −1 −1
1 1 A B
L [ s + 2s ] = L [ s(s + 2) ] = L [ s + s + 2 ] =
2

= L−1[ A ] + L−1[ B ] = L−1[ 1 ] −1

2 L−1[ 2 ] s +
s s+2 s 2
2 −1 1 1 2 −1 1 ]
= 1 L [ ]− L [
s s − (−2)
1 1 −2t 1 −2t
2 (1) − 2 e = 2 (1 − e )

3. −1
2s + 3
L [ s 2 − 2s + 5 ] =
Jawab:
s 2 − 2s + 5 = (s2 − 2s + 1) + 4 = (s − 1)2 + 22
2(s-1)=2s-2
2s + 3 = (2s − 2) + 5 = 2(s − 1) + 5
−1 −1 t. −1
2s + 3 2(s − 1) + 5 2s + 5
L [ s2 − 2s + 5 ] = L [(s − 1)2 + 22 ] = L [ s 2 + 22 ]
e
t. −1 t. −1 −1
2s + 5 2s 5
= L [ s2 + 22 ] = { [ s 2 + 22 ] + L [ s 2 + 22 ]}
e e L
t. −1
s 5 −1 2
= {2L [ s2 + 22 ]+ 2 L [ s2 + 22 ]}
e
= et.{2.cos 2t + 5 .sin 2t}
2
2 et.{4.cos 2t + 5.sin 2t}
=1
4. −1
1

L [ s − 3] =
Jawab:
−1 −1 3t −1
1 1 1
L [ s − 3 ] = L [ (s − 3) 12 ] = e .L [ ]=
1
s 2
 52

1 t−12 t 2
−1 e3t .t − 1
2

3t −1 3t 3t
= .L [ ] = e .γ (− 1 2 + 1) = . 1 = π
1
s − 2+1 γ( 2)
e e

* PENGGUNAAN TRANFORMASI LAPLACE

Penggunaan Transformasi Laplace umumnya digunakan untuk menyelesaikan

persamaan tanpa melakukan manipulasi matematis komplek tetapi menggunakan
manipulasi Aljabar Biasa.

Transformasi Laplace dapat digunakan antara lain untuk menyelesaikan

permasalahan berikut :
Bentuk Gelombang Periodik maupun tidak periodik
Transienitas dalam rangkaian linear
Sistem linear dengan atau tanpa umpan balik
Vibrasi transien di dalam sistem mekanik
Propagasi sinyal dalam sistem komunikasi
Penyelesaian persamaan diferensial dan lainnya