The Art of Giving Effective

Presentations
 The three basic stages of
Presentation
• Pre-oration
– (Audience, Purpose, Content, Organization)
• Oration
– (Introduction, Body, Close, Using proper body
language, Effective paralanguage, Handling
Audio-visual aids effectively)
• Peroration
– (Handling Questions, Analyzing the Performance)
Pre-oration
 Effective speakers ask the
following questions
• Why will I speak? (Purpose)
• To whom will I speak? (Audience)
• When will I speak? (Timing)
• Where will I speak? (Context)
• For how long will I speak? (Duration)
• What will I speak? (Content/ Subject Matter)
• How will I speak? (Style, Technique, Organization)
 Why will I Speak?

• Speech without Purpose

• Various Purposes of Speech
• Purpose Decides Structure
What will I Speak?

• Collection
• Selection
 To Whom will I Speak?
Characteristics of the Audience
– Audience size
– Age
– Gender
– Educational Background/Knowledge Level
– Whether Technical or Non-Technical
– Socio-political and Religious Affiliations
– Whether experienced or inexperienced
When will I Speak?

When will I not?

 Where will I Speak?

• Geographical Dimension
• Situational Variation
• Physical Setting
 For how long will I Speak?

• Length according to the subject matter

• Nonverbal clues by the listener
How will I Speak?
 How will I Speak?
Speech Delivery Techniques
• Reading from Manuscript
• Speaking from Memory
• Speaking Impromptu
• Speaking Extemporaneous
Why Organize?
Organizational Patterns
• Chronological
• Spatial
• Categorical
• Sequential
• Causal
• Topical
Oration
 Oration
• The three fold division
–Tell them what you are going to
tell them (Preview of the
speech)
–Tell them (the speech)
–Tell them what you told them
(review of the speech)
Body Language during Presentation
• Positive Body language –
– Leaning forward, Proximity
– Smile
– Making good use of hands
– Eye contact
• Negative body language –
– Lack of cheerfulness
– Slouching
– Not using/ overusing hands
– Avoiding eye contact and looking at
the slides all the time
Effective Paralanguage

• Pitch
• Volume
• Speed of delivery
• Pronunciation
• Voice quality
Making proper use of Audio-
visual aids

Quantity matters whether it is

text visual or Graphic visual
 Handling Audio-visual aids
• Phrases that can be used to introduce visuals
– Have a look at this…
– Here we can see…
– Let’s look at this…
– As you can see in this graph/ table/ pie-chart…
– This line chart shows…
• While comparing –
– Here you can see a comparison between…
– If we compare this with that…
 Conclusion
Phrases that can be used to conclude
presentation –

 Finally, to sum up…

 I’d like to sum up now.
 That concludes the presentation.
 With this I come to the end of my
presentation.
 To conclude…
 Per-oration
• Handling Questions
– “Are there any questions?”
– “I’ll be glad to answer some questions if
you have any.”
– “Now we can have a discussion. If you
have any questions please go ahead”
• Analyzing the Performance