In order that a fire takes place, there has to be :-

•Oxygen to sustain combustion.

•Heat to raise the material to its ignition temperature.

•Fuel or combustible material.

A combination of ‘all’ of the above creates a fire!!

 But how do we fight a fire??

Fires can be extinguished by Breaking The Fire

Triangle.
Essentially, fire extinguishers put out the fire by taking away one
or more elements of the fire triangle.

When you cut off the heat, it is called cooling

When you cut off the fuel supply, it is called starving
When you cut off the oxygen, it is called smothering
When you attack the fire at the ionic level, it is called inhibition
 TYPES OF FIRES:

Class A fires occur in ordinary combustible

material such as wood, cloth, paper etc….

Class B fires occur in the vapour-air

mixture over the surface of flammable and
combustible liquids like petrol, diesel,
alcohol etc….

Class C fires involve gases such as LPG,

CNG etc. and energized electrical
equipments.

Class D fires occur in combustible metals

such as manganese, potassium, sodium
etc….
 COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical

Overloading
 COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical

Overloading

Loose Connections
 COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical
 Overloading
Loose Connections
Damaged Installations
Misuse of Elec. Meter rooms
Aged Wiring and Installations

Unattended Elec. Appliances

 COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical
Careless
Smoking

Homes

SMOKING IN BED
 COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical
Careless COMBUSTIBLES

Smoking
Factories & Offices

Homes

DO NOT SMOKE IN WORKING AREAS

 WHAT TO DO
IN CASE OF FIRE
DO NOT RUN
DO NOT WASTE TIME FOR
COLLECTING VALUABLES
DO NOT PANIC
INFORM FIRE BRIGADE ABOUT FIRE

ALERT NEIGHBOURS
 CALL
FIRE BRIGADE
BY DIALLING
101
MAKE EXIT TO GROUND LEVEL
INSTEAD OF TERRACE
 LIFT

DO NOT USE LIFT TO ESCAPE

IF POSSIBLE, USE FIRE EXTINGUISHER
 TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

There are different Types

of Fire Extinguishers
for different Type of Fire.

Selecting the
appropriate Fire
Extinguisher
is very important.
TYPES OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

• WATER CO2

• FOAM (AFFF)

• DRY CHEMICAL POWDER (ABC, BC, D)

• GAS (CO2, CLEAN AGENT)

 WATER CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER

These are specially

designed for tackling
Class A fires (wood,
paper, straw, textiles,
coal etc.)
They fight the fire by
cooling, smothering
and starving in
combination.
FOAM FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
These are ideally suited where
class A & B fires
Aqueous Film Forming Foam or
AFFF is particularly suited to
fight liquid spill fires such as
petrol, oil, fats, paints etc.
It works by forming a film on the
liquid hence smothering and
cooling the fire.
 CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER
These are suitable for class B
& C Class of Fire involving
flammable liquids for electrical
equipment.
They cool and starve the fire.
POWDER FIRE EXTINGUISHER
These are multipurpose
fire extinguishers suited for
all three types of fires ie A,
B&C.
They are also suited for D
class of fire when filled
with special powder.
They fight the fire by
smothering, starving and
inhibition.
CLEAN AGENT FIRE EXTINGUISHER
These are suitable for A B
& C Class of Fire.

They are environmental

friendly
They are harmless to your
electric and other
equipment
They leave no residue!
Hence, they are called
‘Clean Agents’!!
 HOW TO OPERATE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Firstly, READ the instructions on the sticker on the

extinguisher!!!!

Remember (P.A.S.S.): Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep.

P - Pull the safety pin from the handle.

A - Aim the extinguisher nozzle or hose at the base of the fire.

S - Squeeze the handle to discharge the agent.

S - Sweep side to side.