Vitamin and Mineral

Supplements
Proposed Benefit (s) Side effects, other
issues

Allow consumer to meet Megadoses of some can

nutritional demands; no be harmful
evidence that exercise Costly!
improves with Best to eat balanced
supplementation diet and get naturally
occurring v and m
Proposed benefit(s)
Used by athletes desiring increased
muscle mass, strength, power
Debate as to whether they are
effective
Protein and Amino Acids
Side effects or other issue
Costly
Most people can get enough protein
through diet; excess protein may be a
waste
Possibly digestive issues, kidney
problems with too much protein
Proposed benefit(s)
-produced naturally, and found within
skeletal muscle
– helps produce ATP/Energy rapidly
- therefore, useful for short-term, high
intensity bursts of activity
(ie. powerlifting, wrestling and
sprinting)
VIDEO LINK
Creatine
Side effects or other issue
possible side effects: stomach pain,
nausea, diarrhea and muscle cramps.
- high doses of creatine may be
associated with kidney, liver or heart
problems
-there is a limit to the amount of
Creatine that can be stored excess is
excreted.
 
Proposed benefit(s) Side effects or other issue
- stimulant that is found in tea, coffee, - acts as a diuretic, therefore potential
colas, chocolate for dehydration.
- increases alertness, and possibly
helps to utilize fat stores during long
duration exercise
 
 

Caffeine
Proposed benefit(s) Side effects or other issue
- advertised as a product that promotes - one of the main ingredients is
the loss of fat/weight through Caffeine (stimulant) and formerly
increased metabolic rate Ephedrine (now illegal to be sold with
that ingredient). Possible side effects
include: increase in B.Pressure, Heart
Rate, restlessness, loss of appetite.
 
VIDEO CLIP
 

Hydroxycut (“fat burners”)

Proposed benefit(s)
- help to decrease amino acid
breakdown, increase protein synthesis
and increase lean body mass
- therefore, commonly used by
athletes in strength/power sports
Anabolic Steroids
Side effects or other issue
- illegal and banned by most sports
POTENTIAL harmful side effects
include:
-- liver damage, erectile dysfunction,
and impotence; Gynecomastia
(growth of the breasts); atrophy of the
testicles; increase in aggressiveness
-- high blood pressure
- cardiovascular & kidney problems
- stunted growth
- Virilization (Development of male
characteristics in women)
- produced naturally in the body
- Anabolic effect on various tissues --
muscle, skeleton (increase in height)
- synthetic versions of HGH are used
by some athletes to replicate/increase
these anabolic effects
- nerve, muscle, joint pain
- risk of diabetes
- may be linked to certain cancers
-illegal in most sports

Human Growth Hormone

- natural protein hormone, produced difficult to test for (since it's a
in kidneys naturally occurring hormone)
- causes an increase in Hemoglobin, - side effects may include high blood
improves the oxygen-carrying pressure, headaches, nausea
capacity of blood, and is
therefore beneficial to endurance
athletes

Erythropoietin (EPO)
- involves the intravenous
administration of blood, RBC's, and
related blood products
- used to increase the bloods oxygen
carrying capacity, and enhance
performance in aerobic/endurance
activities
Blood Doping
- banned by sport governing bodies
- difficult to detect (b/c hemoglobin
levels are only slightly altered)
-this method is being replaced by the
use of EPO
Banned by most sports
-