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370 33 Powerpoint-Slides 2-Ecosystems-Basic-Concepts Chap 02 EVS2e Final
370 33 Powerpoint-Slides 2-Ecosystems-Basic-Concepts Chap 02 EVS2e Final
CHAPTER 2
Environmental Studies, 2e
EnvironmentalStudies,
Environmental Studies,2e
2e
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Chapter Objectives
Environmental Studies, 2e
© Oxford University Press 2011 All rights reserved
Chapter Objectives (Contd)
• Trace the flow of matter and energy in ecosystems
and explain concepts like food chains, trophic levels,
and ecological pyramid
• Explain the concepts of ecological succession, habitat,
and ecological niche
• Describe the water and carbon cycles
• Appreciate the importance of the Sun as the
sustainer of all life.
• List the services provided by ecosystems and
appreciate the economic value of such services.
Environmental Studies, 2e
© Oxford University Press 2011 All rights reserved
The Story of the Himalayas
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Ecosystem
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Biosphere: Terms
• Atmosphere
• Troposphere
• Hydrosphere
• Lithosphere
• Biosphere
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Ecosystem components
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Energy
• Ecological pyramid
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Ecosystem Emergence
• Ecological succession
• Climax ecosystem
• Habitat
• Ecological niche
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Biogeochemical Cycles
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Ecosystem Services
• Provisioning services: Genetic resources, wood, food,
and fresh water, etc
• Regulating services: Regulation of climate, water
purification, flood control, control of human diseases,
etc.
• Cultural services: Education, recreation and
experiencing the beauty of nature.
• Supporting services: Biomass production, production
of atmospheric oxygen, and soil formation.
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Food Chains And Food Webs
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Photosynthesis
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Trophic Levels
Environmental Studies, 2e
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Keywords & Phrases of Chap.2
•abiotic conditions •consumer
•aquatic life zone •decomposers
•biogeochemical cycle •ecological niche
•biome •ecological pyramid
•biosphere •ecological succession
•biota •ecosystem
•carbon cycle •ecosystem service
•community •ecotone
Environmental Studies, 2e
© Oxford University Press 2011 All rights reserved
Keywords & Phrases of Chap.2
(Contd)
•edge effect pyramid of biomass
•energy flow
pyramid of energy
•food chain
•food web species
•habitat trophic level
•photosynthesis water cycle
•population
•producer
Environmental Studies, 2e
© Oxford University Press 2011 All rights reserved
Key Points of Chap. 2
• Ecosystems represent complex interactions among
organisms.
• Energy can neither be created, nor destroyed.
• When we transform energy from one form to
another, some of it is lost.
• Organisms have roles like producers, consumers,
and decomposers in the food chain; they maintain
the flows of matter and energy.
Environmental Studies, 2e
© Oxford University Press 2011 All rights reserved
Key points of Chap.2 (Contd)
Environmental Studies, 2e
© Oxford University Press 2011 All rights reserved