Chemistry (5070) : Periodic Table

Lecture 26: Moles and Stoichiometry

 But first…
understanding mass
• The relative atomic mass, Ar, is the average
mass of the isotopes of an element compared
to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of 12C.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuyB-
445gQM
 Particles
Types of
Particles

Atoms Molecules Ions

 What is a Mole
The mole, mol, is the unit of
amount of substance (particles).
 Avogadro’s Constant
• One mole contains 6.02 × 1023
particles, e.g. atoms, ions,
molecules. This number is the
Avogadro constant.
• https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=TEl4jeETVmg
• https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=UL1jmJaUkaQ
Relationship: Moles and Particles
Examples
Molecular Mass and Formulas Mass

Molecular Formula
Mass Mass

Covalent Ionic
Compounds Compounds

Eg. CO Eg. NaCl

(12+16=28) (11+35.5=46.5)
 Moles and Mass
• One mole of a substance is the mass equal to
the relative atomic mass or molecular or
formula mass of the substance.
• Carbon = 1 mol = 12g (Mass of Carbon 12g/mol)
• Potassium = 1 mol = 39g
• NaCl = 1 mol = 46.5g
• CO2 = 1 mol = 44g
Relationship: Mass and Moles
 Avagadro’s Law

• 1 mole of any gas occupies a volume of 24dm3

at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).

24 dm3 24 dm3 24 dm3

Relationship: Volume and Moles