FUZZIFICATION AND

DEFUZZIFICATION
DEFINITION
Fuzzification is process of transforming a crisp set to a fuzzy
set to a fuzzier set i.e., crisp quantity are converted to fuzzy
quantities.
This operation translates accurate crisp input values into
linguistic variables.
In real life world, the quantities that we consider may be
thought of as crisp, accurate and deterministic, but actually
they are not so. They possess uncertainty within themselves.

Example :- When one is told that the temperature is 9 degree, the person
translates the crisp input value into linguistic variable such as cold or
warm according to ones knowledge and then makes decision about to
wear a jacket or not
• If one fails to fuzzify then it is possible to continue the
decision process or error decision may be reached.
METHODS OF MEMBERSHIP
VALUE ASSIGNMENTS
• There are several ways to assign membership values to fuzzy
variable in comparison with the probability density functions to
random variables. Methods are as follow :
1) Intuition
2) Inference
3) Rank Ordering
4) Angular fuzzy sets
5) Neural Networks
6) Genetic Algorithm
7) Inductive Reasoning
DEFUZZIFICATION
• The defuzzification process has the capability to reduce a fuzzy set into a
crisp single-valued quantity or into a crisp set; to convert fuzzy matrix into a
crisp matrix; or to convert fuzzy number into crisp number.
• Mathematically also known as “rounding it off”.
• Various methods are available in literature, although no method has proved
to b always advantageous than the others.
• Selection of the method depends on the experience of the designer.

• Process of converting Fuzzy set/variable to crisp set/variable. Various

Methods are available for doing this.
• 1) Lambda-Cut method
• 2) Maxima Methods
• 3) Weighted Sum Method
• 4) Centroid Method
GENERIC STRUCTURE
OF FUZZY SET
LAMBDA CUT
METHOD
Lambda-cut method is applicable to
derive crisp value of a fuzzy set or
relation.
Also known as “Alpha Cut Method”
• Can be applied on
1) Fuzzy Set
2) Fuzzy relation
FOR FUZZY SET
LAMBDA CUT : FUZZY
SET (EXAMPLE)
LAMBDA-CUT : FUZZY
RELATIONS
MAXIMA METHOD
MAXIMA METHOD :
FOM
MAXIMA METHOD : LOM
MAXIMA METHOD: MOM
MOM: EXAMPLE
WEIGHTED AVERAGE METHOD
EXAMPLE
CENTROID METHOD
CENTROID METHOD :
CENTER OF SUM (COS)
FUZZY DECISION MAKING
 Decision Making is very important social, economical and
scientific endeavor.
 Decision making process involves three steps:
a) Determining the set of alternatives
b) evaluating alternatives
c) Comparison between alternatives
 In any decision process, the information about the outcome is
considered and a suitable path has to be chosen from two or
more alternatives for subsequent action; when good decisions
are made, good output is expected.
 If a decision is made under certainty, then the outcome for each
process can be determined precisely; one should note that
whenever decision is made, it is under risk condition.
 The prime domain for fuzzy decision making it the existing
uncertainity.
1) TYPES : INDIVIDUAL DECISION MAKING
 A decision making model in this situation is characterized by the
following
1) Set of possible goals
2) Set of goals
3) Set of constraints

Example : Suppose a person has to choose the best job

and the parameters are
a) Salary
b) Stability
c) Future Prospects
2) MULTI-PERSON DECISION
MAKING
Decision making in this case includes several
persons so that the expert knowledge from
various persons is utilized to make decisions.

3) Multi-objective Decision Making

Multi-objective decision making occurs when there are
several objectives to be realized. There are following two
issues in this type of decision making −
a) To acquire proper information related to the satisfaction
of the objectives by various alternatives.
b) To weigh the relative importance of each objective.
4) MULTI-ATTRIBUTE
DECISION MAKING

Multi-attribute decision making takes place when the evaluation of

alternatives can be carried out based on several attributes of the
object.
The attributes can be numerical data, linguistic data and
qualitative data.