PRESENT PERFECT VS

PRESENT PERFECT Підготувала Кирилюк Валерія

(44с)

CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ
Теперішній доконаний час використовується у випадках, коли:
-дія нещодавно закінчилась
She has tidied her room. (She has finished tidying her room. You can see it is tidy now - evidence in the
present.)
-дія сталась у невідомий момент в минулому
He has lost his keys. (He is still looking for them.)
-дія є власним досвідом
Have you ever been to France?
-дія є зміною за період часу
I've lost weight.
-є акцент на кількості
She's written three letters since this morning.
PRESENT PERFECT.
ФОРМУВАННЯ
В усіх типах речень ми використовуємо допоміжне дієслово have/has(коли
виконач дії - третя особа однини) та третю форму неправильних дієслів або
закінчення –ed.
I have lost my keys.
What has he lost?
We have not eaten your cake.
PRESENT PERFECT.
ДОПОМІЖНІ СЛОВА
У Present Perfect ми використовуємо такі допоміжні слова, як:
just, ever, never, already, yet (negations & questions), always, how long, so far,
recently, since (= from a starting point in the past), for (= over a period of time),
today, this week / month, etc.
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ
Теперішній доконано-тривалий час використовується у випадках, коли:
-дія почалась у минулому та продовжується до теперішнього часу
He's been writing a letter for two hours. (He started two hours ago and he's still writing.)
-дія в минулому, котра тривала якийсь проміжок часу та має бачимий результат або
ефект в теперішньому
She's been crying. (Her eyes are red.)
-дія виражає роздратування
Who has been using my hairbrush? (annoyance)
-є акцент на тривалості(зазвичай з for, since, how long)
They have been speaking in his office for the last hour.
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS. ФОРМУВАННЯ
В усіх типах речень ми використовуємо допоміжне дієслово have/has(коли
виконач дії третя особа однини), been та додаємо закінчення –ing до
смислового дієслова.
I have been waiting for her for 3 hours.
Why have you been waiting for so long?
He has not been working all day.
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS. ДОПОМІЖНІ
СЛОВА
У Present Perfect Continuous ми використовуємо такі допоміжні слова, як:
how long, for, since
EXERCISE
EXERCISE
EXERCISE
Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Continuous, the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect
Continuous Tense.
1) Ann and Jane can’t play with you, Ted. They ... (to clean) the house at the moment. Ann ...(to dust) the
furniture for half an hour now, and Jane ... (just to finish) vacuuming the carpets. 2) The boss is in his study.
He... (to read) a report of the manager. He ... (to read) it since morning and ... (not to finish) yet. 3)... you ...
(to see) Pam today, Jack? — Yes, she ... (to have) lunch with her friend in the cafeteria now. They ... (to sit)
there for twenty minutes now. 4) How long ... Elizabeth ... (to attend) design courses? — She ... (to attend)
them since last month. She ... (already to learn) a lot. 5) Where ... Simon (to be)? — He ... (to make)
photocopies of some articles in the library now.— For what? — Simon ... (to take) part in a conference next
week. He ... (to prepare) a speech for it for a week already. 6) ... you ... (to be) to the new restaurant yet,
Cindy? — Well, we ... (to go) there tonight. Mike ... (already to book) a table. 7) Who ... (to be) in the
bathroom? — It ... (to be) Alice. She ... (to dry) her hair.— She ... (to dry) her hair for twenty minutes now
and I... (not to wash) my hair yet. 8) How long ... you ... (to live) in this house? — We ... (to live) here for
eleven years now. We ... (just to finish) repairing it. 9) ... Pam ... (to find) her gloves yet? — No, she ... .
She ... (to look) for them for fifty minutes now. 10) What ... Greg and Den ... (to do) now? — They ... (to fix)
a washing machine. They ... (to work) since 9 o’clock.