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Практичне 42. Розвиток науково-технічного прогресу в Україні і закордоном.
Практичне 42. Розвиток науково-технічного прогресу в Україні і закордоном.
ХІД ЗАНЯТТЯ
І. Організаційний момент
1.1 Привітання
Good morning, dear friends! I’m glad to see you.
1.2 The report of the pupil on duty.
What is the date? Who is absent?
1.3 Оголошення теми та мети
What do you think is the theme of our lesson?
As you`ve already guessed, today we`ll start to discuss the theme «Science».
II. Warm up
Have you ever thought how the progress of science has improved our life?
Numerous essential developments and discoveries have impacted and continue to
exert a significant influence on our daily activities. Scientists, who make this
progress possible, are around us – and maybe very soon, some of you will join this
group of people.
Our lesson today will be devoted to researchers who made a paramount
contribution to the development of medicine and healthcare in the 20 th century. We
will discuss how they achieved their goals, read about their discoveries, do
grammar and lexical tasks, and speak about your ideas for research and
development of the world around us.
Brainstorming
How much do you know about famous scientists?
Make statements about the people choosing the correct information
from the table.
Isaac Newton Radium
Charles Richter The orbits of the planets
Marie Curie Mathematical laws
Galileo invented The telescope
Jacques Cousteau discovered The aqualung(used in scuba diving)
devised
Pythagoras A sea route to India, going to Africa
Nicolas Copernicus The law of gravity
Vasco da Gama A scale for measuring earthquakes
IV. Grammar
Present Perfect
have/has + Past Participle
Affirmative Negative Interrogative
I have I have not Have you bought milk?
(’ve) bought milk. (haven’t) boughtmilk.
3 особа однини
The milk has The milk has not Has the
turnedsour. (hasn’t) turned sour. milk turned sour?
Present Perfect вживається для позначення:
дії, яка відбулася до моменту мовлення, йдеться про її результат,
важливість на момент мовлення (часто
з just, already, yet, never, ever): I have stopped keeping to adiet. Don’t go to t
he bakery, I’ve already bought bread.
дії, яка завершилася, але той період, в який вона відбувалася, ще
триває і може позначатися обставинами
часу today, this week (morning, month, year, century, tonight) і т.
д.: The government has adopted healthy eating guidelines this year.
дії або стану, що триває з якогось моменту в минулому аж до
моменту мовлення (з обставинами
часу up to now (the present), lately, recently, so far, for, since not yet): Ihaven’
t eaten a watermelon since last summer.
Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple).
Переклади речення:
1. I have not worked today.
2. We have bought a new lamp.
3. We have not planned our holiday yet.
4. Where have you been ?
5. He has written five letters.
6. She has not seen him for a long time.
7. Have you been at school?
8. School has not started yet.
9. Has he spoken to his boss?
10.No, he has not had the time yet.
Відповідь:
1. Я не працював сьогодні.
2. Ми купили нову лампу.
3. Ми не планували наш відпустку ще.
4. Де ти був?
5. Він написав п'ять листів.
6. Вона не бачила його протягом тривалого часу.
7. Ви коли-небудь були в школі?
8. Школа ще не розпочався.
9. Невже він говорив своєму босові?
10.Ні, у нього не було часу ще.
V. Reading and discussion
History of technology in Ukraine
The development of technology in Ukraine in the modern sense (associated with
the advent of machines and the mechanization of production processes) began at
the end of the 18th century. It started from the machinery in textile industry
(including the equipment of rope and spinning production). Later the technology of
steel making, crystal, glass, porcelain and faience production began to develop,
especially in Volyn. In the 19th century the discovery of deposits of iron ore and
coal, and the construction of railways started off the period of industrial capitalism.
Mechanization and machinery began to play an increasingly important role. The
establishment of a large number of machine-building enterprises began.
In the Russian Empire, machine building was poorly developed and almost all
complex machines were imported from abroad. The same situation was in Ukraine.
Foreigners built complex machinery here. Kandyba, Ya. Kozlovsky, I. Vasil'kov
belong to pioneers of technology in 19 century. One of the areas of technology that
reached a high level of development in Ukraine was the technique of road and
bridge building (among others: the chain bridge over the Dnieper, built in 1847-
1853 by the project of E. Vignel, the high bow gauge bridge and the tunnel
near Yaremcha in the Carpathians, built 1898-1902 by Project Bizantz,
Matakiewicz, etc.). Railways, the regulation of rivers flow, the construction of
power stations in Kiev 1890 and in Kharkov 1897, urban transport technique
(tram), the use of natural gas in municipal household, technology of extraction and
refining of oil. Professits and engineers, graduates from Lviv
Polytechnics (founded in 1845), later Kharkiv (from 1883) and Kiev Polytechnic
Institutes (since 1898)did here the best work.
VI. Speaking
1. Science and Modern Life
Which of the following scientific discoveries do you think have been the most
important for modern life? Individually rank the following scientific achievements
from 1 to 10 in order of importance. Number one being the most important, number
10 being the least important
Atomic Bomb
Wireless technology
Computers
Cloning
Penicillin/Antibiotics
Solar Power
Air Travel
Plastic
Electricity
Robots
2. Переклади речення: