Spektroskopi

Nadhifah Al Indis, S.Si., M.Si.

 Spektra Cahaya

Cahaya dipisahkan ke dalam frekwensi gelombang yang

berbeda-beda
 Radiasi elektromagnetik
• Gelombang cahaya muncul dalam segala jenis
panjang gelombang, sehingga menimbulkan
spektrum elektromagnetik.
• Cahaya dalam bentuknya yang beraneka
ragam disebut sebagai radiasi elektromagnetik
Spektrum elektromagnetik
Spektrum elektromagnetik
 Absorption spectra of molecules
V = Vibrational quantum number

J = Rotational quantum number

• Electronic, vibrational and rotational energy levels are superimposed

• The absorption spectrum of a molecule is determined by all allowed transitions
between pairs of energy levels, and whether the molecule exhibits a sufficiently
strong electric or magnetic dipole moment (permanent or otherwise) to interact
with the radiation field
 Atomic spectra

Hg

Ne
 Emmision spectrum of iron

Emmision spectrum of hydrogen

Emission line & adsorption line
An absorption line is formed
when an electron makes a
transition from a lower to a
higher discrete energy state,
with a photon being absorbed in
the process. These absorbed
photons generally come from
background continuum radiation
and a spectrum will show a drop
in the continuum radiation at
the wavelength associated with
the absorbed photons.
Emission Absorption
Emission line & adsorption line
Atomic spectral lines are of
two types:
An emission line is formed
when an electron makes a
transition from a particular
discrete energy level of an
atom, to a lower energy state,
emitting a photon of a
particular energy and
wavelength. A spectrum of
many such photons will show an
emission spike at the
Emission Absorption wavelength associated with
these photons.
Absorption spectroscopy
Emission Spectroscopy
Emission Spectroscopy
Emission Spectroscopy
Emission Spectroscopy
 Pustaka
• The Spectrum in Chemistry, J. E. Crooks,
Academic Press, 1978
• Molecular Spectroscopy, Jack D. Graybeal,
McGraw-Hill International Editions, 1988