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PROBLEM SET NO. 1

EE 420: BASIC ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING

Submitted by:
Wingel Ingrid D. Payabyab
ChE – 3020

Submitted to:
Engr. Sarah Jane Fruelda
Course Instructor
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BASIC ELECTRICAL AND ELECRONICS ENGINEERING

PROBLEM SET NO. 1
DIRECTIONS: Solve for the unknown values for each problem, with complete solutions, and
draw the illustration if needed. Box and round your final answer only into four decimal places.
Use engineering lettering and ruler for straight lines. If you can type your solution, you may do so.
Show your solution after each question. Make sure your solution is readable when you paste it.
Save your file in PDF.
FileName: Surname, Initial_Subject_PSET NO.
Ex:Fruelda, SJ_Basic EE and ECE_PSET 1

1. A lightning bolt carried a current of 2 kA and lasted for 3 ms. How many coulombs of
charge were contained in the lightning bolt?

Given:
𝑡 = 3 𝑚𝑠 = 3 𝑥 10−3 𝑠
𝐼 = 2 𝑘𝐴 = 2 𝑥 103 𝐴

𝑄 = 𝐼𝑡 = (2 𝑥 103 )(3 𝑥 10−3 )

𝑸=𝟔𝑪

2. A battery may be rated in ampere-hours (Ah). An lead-acid battery is rated at 160 Ah. (a)
what is the maximum current it can supply for 40 h? (b) how many days it last if it
discharged at 1 mA?

Given:
𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 160 𝐴ℎ
𝑡 = 40 ℎ
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 = 1 𝑚𝐴 = 1 𝑥 10−3 𝐴

(a)
140 𝐴ℎ
=𝟒𝑨
40 ℎ

(b)
160 𝐴ℎ 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
( −3
)( ) = 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟕 𝒅𝒂𝒚𝒔
1 𝑥 10 𝐴 24 ℎ

3. How much work is done by a 12-V automobile battery in moving 5 x 1020 electrons from
the positive terminal to the negative terminal?

Given:
𝑄 = 5 𝑥 1020
𝑒 = 1.602 𝑥 10−19
𝑉 = 12 𝑉

𝑊 = 𝑄𝑉 = (5 𝑥 1020 )(1.602 𝑥 10−19 )(12 𝑉)

𝑾 = 𝟗𝟔𝟏. 𝟐 𝑱

4. How much energy does a 10-hp motor deliver in 30 minutes? Assume that 1 horsepower =
746 W.

Given:
746 𝑊
𝑃 = 10 ℎ𝑝 ( 1 ℎ𝑝 ) = 7460 𝑊
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60 𝑠
𝑡 = 30 𝑚𝑖𝑛 (1 𝑚𝑖𝑛) = 1800 𝑠

𝑊 = 𝑃𝑡 = (7460 𝑊)(1800 𝑠)
𝑾 = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟒𝟐𝟖 𝑴𝑱

5. A 2-kW electric iron is connected to a 120-V line. Calculate the current drawn by the iron.

Given:
𝑃 = 2 𝑥 103 𝑊
𝑉 = 120 𝑉

𝑃 2 𝑥 103 𝑊
𝐼= =
𝑉 120 𝑉
𝑰 = 𝟏𝟔. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟕 𝑨

6. Obtain the equivalent resistance in each of the circuits. In (b) all resistors have a value of
30 ohms.

𝑅𝑎 𝑅𝑏 (40)(10)
𝑅1 = = =4Ω
𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 + 𝑅𝑐 40 + 10 + 50
𝑅𝑏 𝑅𝑐 (10)(50)
𝑅2 = = =5Ω
𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 + 𝑅𝑐 40 + 10 + 50
𝑅𝑎 𝑅𝑐 (40)(50)
𝑅3 = = = 20 Ω
𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑏 + 𝑅𝑐 40 + 10 + 50
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1
𝑅𝑎𝑏 = 20 + 20 + 80 + (30 + 4) ∥ (60 + 5) = 120 + ( −1 )
34 + 65−1
𝑹𝒂𝒃 = 𝟏𝟒𝟐. 𝟑𝟐𝟑𝟐 𝛀

1
30 ∥ (30 + 30) = ( ) = 20 Ω
30−1 + 60−1

(30)(30)
= 10 Ω
30 + 30 + 30
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𝑅𝑎𝑏 = 10 + 10 + (10 + 10) ∥ (10 + 20 + 10) = 20 + 20 ∥ 40

1
= 20 + ( −1 )
20 + 40−1
𝑹𝒂𝒃 = 𝟑𝟑. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝛀

7. Use Kirchhoff’s Law.

KCL @ node a:
𝐼1 = 𝐼2 + 𝐼3 → 𝑒𝑞. 1

KCL @ node b:
𝐼3 = 𝐼5 + 𝐼4
𝐼5 = 𝐼3 − 𝐼4 → 𝑒𝑞. 2

KCL @ node c:
𝐼5 + 𝐼2 = 𝐼6 → 𝑒𝑞. 3

KCL @ node d:
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𝐼4 + 𝐼6 = 𝐼1 → 𝑒𝑞. 4

KVL @ loop 1:
12 𝑉 + 2𝐼3 + 2𝐼4 = 0
6 𝑉 + 𝐼3 + 𝐼4 = 0
𝐼3 + 𝐼4 = −6 𝑉 → 𝑒𝑞. 5

KVL @ loop 2:
2𝐼2 − 2𝐼3 − 2𝐼5 = 0
𝐼2 − 𝐼3 − 𝐼5 = 0 → 𝑒𝑞. 6

Substitute eq.2 to eq.6

𝐼2 − 𝐼3 − (𝐼3 − 𝐼4 ) = 0
𝐼2 − 2𝐼3 + 𝐼4 = 0
𝐼2 = 2𝐼3 − 𝐼4 → 𝑒𝑞. 7

KVL @ loop 3:
2𝐼6 − 2𝐼4 + 2𝐼3 = 0
𝐼6 − 𝐼4 + 𝐼3 = 0 → 𝑒𝑞. 8

Substitute eq.3 to eq.8 and eq.2 to eq.8

𝐼5 + 𝐼2 − 𝐼4 + 𝐼3 − 𝐼4 = 0
𝐼3 − 𝐼4 + 𝐼2 − 𝐼4 + 𝐼3 − 𝐼4 = 0
2𝐼3 − 3𝐼4 + 𝐼2 = 0 → 𝑒𝑞. 9

Subtract eq.9 and eq.7

2𝐼3 − 3𝐼4 + 𝐼2 = 0
𝐼2 − 2𝐼3 + 𝐼4 = 0
4𝐼3 − 4𝐼4 = 0 → 𝑒𝑞. 10

Substitute eq.5 to eq.10

4𝐼3 − 4𝐼4 = 0
4(−6 𝑉 − 𝐼4 ) − 4(𝐼4 ) = 0
𝐼4 = −3

Using eq.10
4(𝐼3 ) − 4(−3) = 0
𝐼3 = −3

Using eq.7
𝐼2 = 2𝐼3 − 𝐼4
𝐼2 = 2(−3) − (−3)
𝐼2 = −3

Using eq.6
𝐼2 = 𝐼3 + 𝐼5
−3 = −3 + 𝐼5
𝐼5 = 0

Using eq.3
𝐼5 + 𝐼2 = 𝐼6
0 + (−3) = 𝐼6
𝐼6 = −3

Using eq.1
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𝐼1 = 𝐼2 + 𝐼3
𝐼1 = −3 + (−3)
𝐼1 = −6

𝑉1 = 𝐼2 𝑅2 = (3)(2 Ω)
𝑽𝟏 = 𝟔 𝑽

𝑉2 = 𝐼6 𝑅6 = (3)(2 Ω)
𝑽𝟐 = 𝟔 𝑽

8. Use Kirchhoff’s law to solve for Vab and io in the circuit shown below.

KCL @ node a:
𝐼5 + 𝐼6 = 𝑖0 → 𝑒𝑞. 1

KCL @ node b:
𝑖0 = 𝐼2 + 𝐼3 → 𝑒𝑞. 2

KCL @ node c:
𝐼2 = 𝐼4 + 𝐼6 → 𝑒𝑞. 3

KCL @ node d:
𝐼4 + 𝐼3 = 𝐼5 → 𝑒𝑞. 4

KVL @ loop 1:
80 𝑉 + 30𝑖0 + 30𝐼2 + 30𝐼6 = 0
8 𝑉 + 3𝑖0 + 3𝐼2 + 3𝐼6 = 0 → 𝑒𝑞. 6

KVL @ loop 2:
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−30𝐼2 − 20𝐼4 + 20𝐼3 = 0

−3𝐼2 − 2𝐼4 + 2𝐼3 = 0
2𝐼3 = 3𝐼2 + 2𝐼4 → 𝑒𝑞. 6

KVL @ loop 3:
80 𝑉 + 20𝐼5 − 30𝐼6 + 20𝐼4 = 0
8 𝑉 + 2𝐼5 − 3𝐼6 + 2𝐼4 = 0 → 𝑒𝑞. 7

Substitute eq.1 to eq.7 and eq.4 to eq.7

8 + 2𝐼5 − 3𝐼6 + 2𝐼4 = 0
8 + 2(𝑖0 − 𝐼6 ) − 2𝐼6 + 2(𝐼5 − 𝐼3 ) = 0
8 + 2𝑖0 − 2𝐼6 − 3𝐼6 + 2𝐼5 − 2𝐼3 = 0
8 + 2𝑖0 − 5𝐼6 + 2𝐼5 − 2𝐼3 = 0
8 + 2𝑖0 − 5𝐼6 + 2(𝑖0 − 𝐼6 ) − 2𝐼3 = 0
8 + 2𝑖0 − 5𝐼6 − 2𝑖0 − 2𝐼6 − 2𝐼3 = 0
8 + 4𝑖0 − 7𝐼6 + 2𝐼3 = 0 → 𝑒𝑞. 10

Using eq.8, eq.9 and eq.10 to get 𝑖0 and 𝑉𝑎𝑏

𝒊𝟎 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟖
𝐼3 = 1.4222
𝐼6 = −0.5333

𝑉𝑎𝑏 = (𝑖0 )(𝑅0 ) = (1.7778)(30)

𝑽𝒂𝒃 = 𝟓𝟑. 𝟑𝟑𝟒𝟎 𝑽

9. A 60 cycle current has a maximum value of 6.5A. What will be the instantaneous value
of current at

a. 0.0035 sec after the wave passes through zero in a positive direction

𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓 = 2(180)(60) = 21600

𝐼 = 𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔𝑡
𝐼 = (6.5𝐴)[sin(21600)(0.0035)]
𝑰 = 𝟔. 𝟐𝟗𝟓𝟖 𝑨

b. 0.01153 sec after the wave passes through zero in a positive direction

𝐼 = 𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔𝑡
𝐼 = (6.5𝐴)[sin(21600)(0.01153)]
𝑰 = −𝟔. 𝟎𝟕𝟎𝟐 𝑨

10. A sinusoidal voltage having a effective value of 120V is impressed across a 50 ohms
resistor. Calculate the rms and maximum value of current.

𝑉𝑅𝑀𝑆 120 𝑉
𝐼𝑅𝑀𝑆 = =
𝑅 50 Ω
𝑰𝑹𝑴𝑺 = 𝟐. 𝟒 𝑨
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𝐼𝑀𝑎𝑥
𝑅𝑀𝑆𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑙 =
√2
𝐼𝑀𝑎𝑥
2.4 𝐴 =
√2
𝑰𝑴𝒂𝒙 = 𝟑. 𝟑𝟗𝟒𝟏 𝑨

11. An alternating current of frequency 60Hz has a maximum value of 12A. Write down the
equation for its instantaneous value. Reckoning time from the instant the current is zero
and is becoming positive, find (a) instantaneous value of 1/360 sec (b) the time taken to
reach 9A for the first time.

𝑓 = 60 𝐻𝑧
𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓 = 2𝜋(60) = 120𝜋

(a)
𝐼 = 𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝜔𝑡 ± 𝜃
1
𝐼 = 12 sin(120)(180) ( )
360
𝑰 = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟑𝟗𝟐𝟑 𝑨

(b)
𝐼 = 12 sin(120𝜋)(𝑡)
9 𝐴 = 12 sin(120)(180)(𝑡)
𝒕 = 𝟐. 𝟐𝟒𝟗𝟓 𝒎𝒔𝒆𝒄

12. The rms value of the voltage in a 60cycle circuit is 115V. Write the equation for the
sinusoidal wave.

𝑉𝑀𝑎𝑥 = (𝑅𝑀𝑆)(√2) = (115 𝑉)(√2) = 162.63456 𝑉

𝜔 = 2𝜋(60) = 376.9911184

𝑉 = 𝑉𝑀𝑎𝑥 sin(𝜔𝑡 ± 𝜃)
𝑽 = 𝟏𝟔𝟐. 𝟔𝟑𝟒𝟔 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟑𝟕𝟔. 𝟗𝟗𝟏𝟏𝒕 ± 𝜽)

13. The in-phase sinusoidal currents in the parallel branches of a circuit have the following
equations: i1 = 17sin377t and i2 = 22.6sin377t. (a) Write the equation for the resultant of
the two waves; (b) calculate the effective currents in the individual branches and the
resultant current.

(a)
𝑖 𝑇 = 17 + 226 = 39.6 𝐴

𝑖 = 𝑖 𝑇 sin 377𝑡
𝒊 = 𝟑𝟗. 𝟔 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟑𝟕𝟕𝒕

(b)
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𝐴𝑇𝑖𝑀 = 17 𝐴

𝑖𝑀 17 𝐴
𝑖𝑅𝑀𝑆 = =
√2 √2
𝒊𝑹𝑴𝑺 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟖 𝑨

𝐴𝑇𝑖𝑀 = 22.6 𝐴

𝑖𝑀 22.6 𝐴
𝑖𝑅𝑀𝑆 = =
√2 √2
𝒊𝑹𝑴𝑺 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟗𝟖𝟎𝟔 𝑨

𝐴𝑇𝑖𝑀 = 39.6 𝐴

𝑖𝑀 39.6 𝐴
𝑖𝑅𝑀𝑆 = =
√2 √2
𝒊𝑹𝑴𝑺 = 𝟐𝟖. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟒 𝑨

14. The following information is given in connection with an ac source that delivers current to
three loads in parallel: IA = 20A, IB = 12A and lags behind IA by 30 electrical degrees; IC
= 32A and leads IA by 60 elect degrees. Using IA as the reference phasor, draw the vector
diagram.

15. If i = 10sin 377t, find

a. Frequency

𝑖(t) = 10 sin(377t)𝐴

𝜔 = 377
2𝜋𝑓 = 𝜔 ⇒ 2𝜋𝑓 = 377
𝒇 = 𝟔𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟒⁄𝒔

b. The time when i = 5A

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5𝐴 = 10 sin(377 t)
0.5 = sin(377𝑡) ⇒ 377t = 30
30 𝜋
t=( )( )
377 180
𝐭 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟖𝟖𝟗 𝐦𝐬𝐞𝐜

c. The time when i = -5A

*Note: -5A = 5A in the negative direction

5𝐴 = 10 sin(377𝑡)
0.5 = sin(377𝑡) ⇒ 377t = −30
−30 𝜋
t=( )( )
377 180
𝐭 = −𝟏. 𝟑𝟖𝟖𝟗 𝐦𝐬𝐞𝐜