ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED

EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

CHAPTER 1:
ETHICS: An Introduction

Prepared by:
Sir Anz Tolentino
VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

Lesson scope:

•Ethics and philosophy

•Ethics and morality
•Meta-ethics and normative
ethics
VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

Ethics and philosophy

PHILOSOPH
Y
philia
love
sophia
(strong desire for a
+ wisdom
(correct application of
particular object) knowledge)

love of wisdom
VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

PHILOSOPHY
• science that studies beings in their
ultimate causes, reasons and principles
through the aid of human reason alone.
*being/beings
- all things that exist:
material or immaterial
GOD, SOUL,
SPIRIT
VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

Ethics and philosophy

Philosophy is concerned with basically four
(4) areas:

Epistemology
Metaphysics
Logic
Ethics
VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

Epistemology (the study of knowledge)

Epistemology deals with the following questions:
1. What is knowledge?
2. What are the truth and falsity, and to what do they apply?
3. What is required for someone to actually know
something?
4. What is the nature of perception, and how reliable is it?
5. What are logic and logical reasoning, and how reliable is it?
6. What’s the difference between knowledge and belief?
7. Is there anything such as certain knowledge?

All these questions deals with absolutes and truth.

VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

Metaphysics (the study of nature of reality)

Metaphysics deals with the following questions:

1. Is there really cause and effect in reality, and if

so, how does it work?
2. What is the nature of the physical world, and is
there anything other than the physical, such as the
mental or spiritual?
3. What is the nature of human beings?
4. Is there freedom in reality or is everything
predetermined?
VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

Logic (the science of correct thinking)

Logic asks the following questions:
1. What is correct reasoning?
2. What distinguishes a good argument from a
bad one?
3. How can we detect a fallacy in argument?
4. What are the criteria in determining the
validity of an argument?
5. What are the types of logic?
VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

Ethics (the study of morality)

Ethics deals with what is right or wrong in human
behavior and conduct. It asks such questions as:
1. What constitutes a person or action being good, bad,
right, or wrong, and how do we know (epistemology)?
2. What part does self-interest or the interest of others play in
making moral decisions and judgements?
3. What theories of conduct are valid or invalid and why?
4. Should we use principles or rules or laws, or should we let
each situation decide our morality?
5. Are killing, lying, cheating, stealing, and sexual acts right or
wrong, and why or why not?
VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE

 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

Key Terms
1. Ethical – comes from the Greek word “ethos”,
meaning character. Ethics, then seems to pertain to
the individual character of a person or persons.

2. Moral – comes from the Latin word “moralis”,

meaning customs or manners morality seems to
point to the relationships between human beings.

3. Unethical – means wrong.

4. Immoral – means bad.
VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE
 ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CITY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

VIRTUE EXCELLENCE SERVICE