TKT:KAL

PART 1: LEXIS
UNIT 2: SENSE
RELATIONS
Learning outcomes:
 Acquire/Reviseyour knowledge of
how words relate to one another in
meaning and the terms used to
describe these different kinds of
relationship.

 Complete a TKT:KAL exam style

question to practice this knowledge
What are sense relations?
Exercise 1
 Look at the lists below, what is the relationship
between the words and phrases in each list?

 1. Book, pen, whiteboard, student, desk, do your homework.

 2. Menu, waiter, book a table, main course, tip

 These words all link a common TOPIC or

situation so are referred to as a LEXICAL SET
Exercise 2
 Look at the lists below, what is the
relationship between the underlined words in
the each list and the other words in that list?

 1. Furniture, chair, table, sofa, bed

 2. Potato, carrot, vegetable, cabbage, bean
 Do you know the name for the underlined
words in English?

 SUPERORDINATES

 Do you know the name of the ‘members’ of

the group?

 HYPONYMS
Exercise 3:
 Look at the definitions below. Underline the
superordinates and circle the hyponyms.

 1. A horse is a large animal with four legs which people ride

on
 2. Clothes are things such as dresses and trousers that you
wear to cover your body
 3. A car is a road vehicle with four wheels, an engine and
seats.
 4. A container is an object such as a box or a bottle which
can be used for holding something.
Exercise 4:
 Look at the word pairs below. What is similar
about the words in each pair? What is
different about them?
 1. Flat (apartment), Flat (smooth)
 2. Sea, See
 3. Close (verb), Close (adjective)

Which of these sentences contain HOMONYMS?

Which of these sentences contain HOMOPHONES?
Which of these sentences contain HOMOGRAPHS?
What are…
 HOMONYMS?

 HOMOPHONES?

 HOMOGRAPHS?
 How are these different to the previous
examples:

 ENGLISH: Library
 SPANISH: Libreria

 They are examples of: FALSE FRIENDS/FALSE

COGNATES
 What do you think COGNATES might be?
Exercise 5:
 Look at the sets of words below. Decide what
the relationship is between the words in each
set.
 1. good, nice, satisfactory, enjoyable, pleasant
 2. borrow, lend
 3. chat, talk, discuss
 4. hot, freezing
 5. good, bad
Which of these contain…
 SYNONYMS?

 ANTONYMS?
Any questions?
Lets try some activities…