INTRODUCTION

TO THE
PHILOSOPHY OF
THE HUMAN
PERSON
JOYCE ANNE L. ALCANTARA
TEACHER
FOUR PICS, ONE
WORD
MECHANICS:
4 pics 1 word is very simple ,
each slide displays four
pictures linked to one word
The learner’s aim is to work
out what the word is, form set
of letters given below the
picture.
V I E W
L O V E
S C I E N C E
B E A U T Y
S T U D Y
LESSON :
OBJECTIVES:
1: Nature Of Philosophy
2: Value Of Philosophy
3: Philosophical Reflection As Way Of Doing
Philosophy
EXPECTED TO:
1. Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial
point of view
2. Realize the value of doing philosophy in
obtaining a broad perspective
3. Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete
situation from a holistic perspective
 PHILO LOVE
LOVE OF

WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY
SOPHIA WISDOM
WISDOM

PHILOSO LOVE
- Particular desire for a particular object

PHY? WISDOM
- Is a correct application of knowledge
PHILOSOPHY
= science that studies beings in their ultimate causes, reasons and principles
through the aid of human reason alone

BEING/ BEINGS = all this that exist: material or immaterial

Notions of
GOD
SOUL
SPIRIT
COMMON MEANING OF
PHILOSOPHY
 BRANCHES OF
PHILOSOPHY
METHAPHYSICS LOGIC

EPISTEMOLOGY
PHILOSOPHY
AESTHETHICS
ETHICS
 META - Beyond or after - Study of things
METHAPYSICS PHYSIKA - Physical and
beyond
physical
nature
- Concepts or things
SUB DIVIDED INTO 2: that cannot be
1. General physics / ontology experienced
ONTO – means being
LOGOS – means knowledge or study
ONTOLOGY - Studies beings in their ultimate causes, reason and
principles through the aid of reason alone.

2. Special metaphysics
COSMOLOGY – kosmos and logos, means world and study.
- means it studies the world or universe including its origin,
dynamics, and characteristics, as well as the laws that govern its
order.
PSYCHOLOGY - Study of the nature and
dynamics of the person as a
• psyche - soul and whole with emphasis on the way
mind the persons mind functions and
• Logos - study. the way she behaves.

 THEODICY - Study of God, it is the

justification of the Good ness
• Theos means of God in the face of the
God existence of evil.
BASIC QUESTIONS IN ONTOLOGY:
1. What is being?
2. Why do things exist, rather than not exist at all?
3. What is the meaning and nature of reality?
4. Is there nothing?

BASIC QUESTIONS IN SPECIAL METAPHYSICS

1. What is the origin of the world?
2. What is the basic material of which the world is formed?
LOGIC LOGIKE
- means a treatise on matters
pertaining to human thought.

- Study the principles and criteria of a valid

argument.
- Distinguish sound or good reasoning from
unsound and bad reasoning
The concern is the truth or the validity of
our arguments regarding such objects.
 - Study the
EPISTEMOLOG Episteme Knowledge
nature of
Y Logos - Study
knowledge
and justified
beliefs

BASIC QUESTIONS:
1.What is knowledge?
2.How do we know?
3.How is knowledge acquire?
How do we
acquire reliable
knowledge?
INDUCTION
DEDUCTION
PRAGMATISM
 - On one hand, he sees, hears, and
INDUCTIO touches; on the other hand, he
organizes mind what he learners
N through the senses. What one sees,
hear and touch is more important.
DEDUCTIO
N
- it is more important to find a
general law according to
which particular facts can be
understood or judged. Its
advocates are called rationalist
(Rene Descartes) Real
knowledge is based on Logic,
the laws, and the methods that
reason develops.
PRAGMATI
SM
(William James and
John Dewey) believed
that the value in use is
the real of truth and
meaning.
 ETH MORA
ICS
THEORY
LITY
PRACTICE

- Ethos means custom or habit.

- It is the morality of human actions. It concerns
on how human persons ought to act and the
search for definition of a right conduct and good
life.
AESTHETICS
- is the science of the beautiful in its
various manifestation including the
sublime, comic, tragic, pathetic and ugly
IMPORATNCE OF AESTHETICS
1. It vitalizes knowledge makes our
knowledge of the world alive and useful
2. It helps us to live more deeply and
richly
3. It brings us to touch with our culture
 THOMAS
SOCRATES PLATO ARISTOTLE THOMAS HOBBES
AQUINAS
- best known for his - He developed his own
- Philosophy - Philosophy is the - One of the
MOST NOTABLE PHILOSOPHER
should achieve
practical results for
love of knowledge,
the pursuit of truth,
greatest
intellectual
political philosophy,
especially as
articulated in his
conclusions from
Aristotelian premises,
notably in the
the greater well – and the questioning masterpiece metaphysics of
being of society of all ideas figures of Leviathan (1651) personality, creation, and
western history Providence.
IMPORTANCE OF
PHILOSOPHY
 Doing philosophy can be applied
in day-to-day activities and
perspective.
 Doing philosophy enables
reflective thinking which greatly
influences a person’s view of life,
challenges, and relationships.
 Doing philosophy directs how a
person will perceive these factors
in life and how they will be faced.
WHAT DO YOU
THINK?
Is doing philosophy possible
without engaging in
philosophical reflection?
CHARACTERISTICS OF
PARTIAL POINT OF VIEW
1. Looks at only a limited
number of aspects of the
given problem or
situation
2. Conclusions are made
based on considering
some, but not all, sides
the problem or situation
CHARACTERISTICS OF
HOLISTIC POINTS OF VIEW
1. Looks at all the aspects of
the given problem or situation
2. All aspects are given
importance when making
conclusion.
3. All aspects are tied in
together to form a general
overview of the problem or
situation
PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION AS
A WAY OF DOING PHILOSOPHY
Philosophical reflection is one of the
important skills that one needs in
doing philosophy
JAY AND RYAN
GABRIEL MARCEL PRIMARY - a kind of thinking that
calculates, analyzes, or recounts
REFLECTION
NOTION past events.

- deeply personal and is - characterized by the act

recapturing the unity of the
intimately anchored on SECONDARY
original experience by
day-to-day existence REFLECTION gathering back together what
has been separated by
primary reflection.
ACTIVITY
: TRUE
OR FALSE
1. In doing philosophy, day to day
activities and perspective is applied.

TRUE FALSE
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2. The process of doing philosophy
should not be mistaken for the
Filipino activity of pamimilosopo

TRUE FALSE
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3. One of the characteristics of
partial point of view is look all the
aspects of the given situation

TRUE FALSE
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4. Before engaging in philosophical
inquiry, one must be able to distinguish
between a holistic and partial point of view

TRUE FALSE
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5. Truth is always gained when
Philosophy is applied to a certain
situation.

TRUE FALSE
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