KINEMATICS

Displacement
Example 1: Distance Run by a Jogger

• How far does a jogger run in 1.5

hours if his average speed is 2.22
m/s?
EXAMPLE 2:
Andy Green in the car ThrustSSC set a world
record of 341.1 m/s (763 mi/h) in 1997. The car
was powered by two jet engines, and it was
the first one officially to exceed the speed of
sound. To establish such a record, the driver
makes two runs through the course, one in
each direction, to nullify wind effects.
EXAMPLE 2:
EXAMPLE 2:
Acceleration
The speedboat has a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2. If the
initial velocity of the boat is 6.0 m/s, find the boat’s
displacement after 8 seconds.
A jet is taking off from the deck of an aircraft carrier, starting
from rest, the jet is catapulted with a constant acceleration of
31 m/s2 along a straight line and reaches a velocity of 62 m/s.
Find the displacement of the jet.
The spacecraft is traveling with a velocity of 3250
m/s. Suddenly the retrorockets are fired, and the
spacecraft begins to slow down with an
acceleration whose magnitude is 10.0 m/s2.
What is the velocity of the spacecraft when the
displacement of the craft is 215 km, relative to the
point where the retrorockets began firing?
A motorcycle ride consists of two segments, During
segment 1, the motorcycle starts from rest, has an
acceleration of +2.6 m/s2, and has a displacement
of +120 m. Immediately after segment 1, the
motorcycle enters segment 2 and begins slowing
2
down with an acceleration of -1.5 m/s until its
velocity is +12 m/s. What is the displacement of the
motorcycle during segment 2?
Freely Falling Bodies
- Effect of gravity
- Absence of air resistance
- idealized motion, in which air resistance is
neglected and theacceleration is nearly
constant,
- equations of kinematics can be used
- acceleration due to gravity
g = 9.81 m/s2 or 32.2 ft/s2
A stone is dropped
from rest from the top
of a tall building, as
Figure 2.14 indicates.
After 3s of free-fall,
what is the
displacement 'y' and
velocity 'v' of the
stone?
A football game customarily
begins with a coin toss to
determine who kicks off.
The referee tosses the coin up
with an initial speed of 5.00
m/s. In the absence of air
resistance, how high does the
coin go above its point of
release? what is the total time
the coin is in the air before
returning to its release point?
Two people are pushing a stalled car, as Figure indicates. The mass of the
car is 1850 kg. One person applies a force of 275 N to the car, while the
other applies a force of 395 N. Both forces act in the same direction. A
third force of 560 N also acts on the car, but in a direction opposite to that
in which the people are pushing. This force arises because of friction and
the extent to which the pavement opposes the motion of the tires. Find
the acceleration of the car.
A man is stranded on a raft (mass of man and raft=1300 kg), as shown in
Figure. By paddling, he causes an average force P of 17 N to be applied to
the raft in a direction due east. The wind also exerts a force A on the raft.
This force has a magnitude of 15 N and points 67º north of east. Ignoring
any resistance from the water, find the x and y components of the raft’s
acceleration.
Suppose that the mass of the spacecraft is 11 000 kg and
that the mass of the astronaut is 92 kg. In addition,
assume that the astronaut pushes with a force of P = 36 N
on the spacecraft. Find the accelerations of the spacecraft
and the astronaut.