Lymphatic system

OBJECTIVEs:
 At the end of the discussion the student will be able to:
1. Identify the structures composing the lymphatic system
2. Explain how the Lymphatic system related to Cardiovascular
system
3. Importance of the Lymphatic system to immune response
Lymphatic system

Plays a vital supporting role to

both Cardiovascular and Immune
system
Lymphatic system

FUNCTION:
1. Maintains homeostasis
by maintaining fluid balance
2. Helps large molecules enter the blood.
3. Immunological defense
Lymphatic system
 Consists of three parts
1. A network of lymphatic vessels
(lymphatics)
2. Lymph
3. Lymph nodes
 Regional
lymph nodes:
Cervical nodes

Axillary nodes

Inguinal nodes
Lymphatic
collecting vessels

(a) General distribution of lymphatic collecting vessels

and regional lymph nodes.
Figure 20.2a
Lymph

Lymph is an alkaline fluid that

originates as interstitial fluid in
your body.
Lymphatic vessels include:

1.Lymphatic capillaries
2. Lymphatic collecting vessels
3. Lymphatic trunks and ducts
Lymphatic trunks

Lymphatic
collecting ducts

Lymphatic
capillaries

Figure 20.1
Lymph

Lymph is collected within lymphatic vessels,

which carry it away from your tissues and
eventually return it to your bloodstream.
Lymph helps clear your body of cellular
wastes and infectious organisms.
 Lymph composition
 1. protein
 2. salt No rbc
 3. glucose
 4. fats
 5. water
 6. WBC
Lymph Transport
Lymph is propelled by
Pulsations of nearby arteries
Contractions of smooth muscle in
the walls of the lymphatics
 COMPARISON OF CARDIOVASCULAR
AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
Cardiovascular System Lymphatic System

Blood is responsible for collecting and Lymph is responsible for collecting and
distributing oxygen, nutrients and removing waste products left behind in
hormones to the tissues of entire body. the tissues.

Blood flows in the arteries, capillaries, Lymph flows in an open circuit from the
and veins. tissues into lymphatic vessels.

Blood flows towards the heart and away Lymph flows in one direction only
from the heart. (towards the heart).
 COMPARISON OF CARDIOVASCULAR
AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Lymph is not pumped. It passively

Blood is pumped by the heart to all
flows from the tissues into the
parts of the body.
lymph capillaries.

Lymph that has been filtered and is

Blood consists of the liquid plasma
ready to return to the
that transports the red and white
cardiovascular system is a clear or
blood cells and platelets.
milky white fluid.
 COMPARISON OF CARDIOVASCULAR
AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Lymph is colourless or
Blood is visible and damage to
translucent and damage to the
blood vessels causes obvious signs
lymphatic system is difficult to
such as bleeding or bruising.
detect until swelling occurs.

Lymph is filtered by lymph nodes

Blood is filtered by the kidneys.
located throughout the body.
IMMUNE SYSTEM RESPONSE

FUNCTION:

1. Identifythreat
2. Mount attack
3. Eliminate pathogens
4. remember
Pathogens
Are organisms that made us sick

Bacteria Fungi Cancer cells

Parasites Viruses
COMPOSITION

1. Tonsils
2. Thymus gland
3. Spleen
4. Lymph nodes
5. Lymph vessels
 Tonsils are group of lymph
nodules which deals with
foreign invaders that comes into
our mouth
1. Adenoids/pharyngeal tonsils – roof of
the pharynx
2. Tubal tonsils – roof of the pharynx
3. Palatine tonsils – sides of oropharynx
4. Lingual tonsils – behind terminal sulcus
 Thymus
Specializedprimary
lymphoid organ

T cells mature
spleen
located under the ribcage
 

and above the stomach

in the left upper quadrant
of the abdomen
Formation of white blood cells
 2 main branches immune response
ADAPTIV
INNATE
E
IMMUNIT
IMMUNIT
Y
Y
CHEMICAL
BARRIERS
TEAR pH in Myeloblast
S stomach
PHYSICAL BARRIERS NON-SPECIFIC
skin mucus FAST RESPONSE
NO MEMORY
Formation of white blood cells
 HEMATOCYTOBLAS
T
MYELOID STEM
CELL MYELOBLA
ST
GRANULOCYTES

NEUTROPHI EOSINOPHIL
LS BASOPHIL S Parasitic
First to S infection
respond

inflammatory vasodilation
 HEMOCYTOBLAS
ADAPTIVE
T IMMUNITY

Lymphoid
stem cell

LYMPHOBLAS
T

B lymphocytes Natural
T lymphocytes Killer cells
Kills infected
Large cells by viruses
lymphocytes and cancers cells
Plasma with granules
cells
Formation of white blood cells
 B cells engulf Presents pathogens
pathogens antigens Helper T cells binds with
the macrophage

Plasma produces
Antibodies B cells= memory
cells B cells become activated
bec. Of the help of T cells
Types of antibodies
1. Immuno globulin G ( Ig G)
2. Immuno globulin A (Ig A)
3. Immuno globulin M (Ig M)
4. Immuno globulin E ( Ig E)
5. Immuno globulin D ( Ig D)
 Assignment:

Describe & Give the functions of the different

antibodies

READ: 1. Hodgkin’s disease

2. Elephantiasis