AUDIOMETER-

THE HEARING AID

&
COCHLEA IMPLANTATION
:Created By:
Mehta Chirag B.
(07-ICM-18)
OVERVIEW
Introduction
Function of Ear
Anatomy of Ear
Causes of Ear damage
Audiometry
Tests conducted for Ear damage
Cochlear Implantation
Bera Test
Types of Audiometers
Hearing Aids
Types of Hearing aid
WHAT IS THE EAR?
The ear is the organ that detects sound.

It not only acts as a receiver for sound, but

plays a major role in the sense of balance
and body position.

The ear is part of the auditory system.

FUNCTION OF EAR
Audition is the scientific name for the sense of sound
. Sound is a form of energy that moves through air,
water, and other matter, in waves of pressure.
Sound is the means of auditory communication,
including frog calls, bird songs and spoken language.
Although the ear is the vertebrate sense organ that
recognizes sound, it is the brain and central nervous
system that "hears".
Sound waves are perceived by the brain through the
firing of nerve cells in the auditory portion of the
central nervous system. The ear changes sound
pressure waves from the outside world into a signal
of nerve impulses sent to the brain.
Ear is shown in the figure.

It has 3 main parts.

1. Outer Ear
2. Middle Ear
3. Inner Ear
ANATOMY OF AN EAR:-
WHY THE EAR GET DAMAGED?
There are 4 reasons why the ear get damaged.

1. Auricle
2. Ear Canal
3. Middle Ear Trauma
4. Inner Ear Trauma
 Auricle:--
The auricle can be easily damaged. Because it is skin-covered
cartilage, with only a thin padding of connective tissue,
rough handling of the ear can cause enough swelling to
jeopardize the blood-supply to its framework, the auricular
cartilage.
 Ear Canal:--
Ear canal injuries can come from firecrackers and other
explosives, and mechanical trauma from placement of
foreign bodies into the ear. The ear canal is most often
self-traumatized from efforts at ear cleaning.
 Middle Ear Trauma:--
Like outer ear trauma, middle ear trauma most often comes
from blast injuries and insertion of foreign objects into the
ear.
Skull fractures that go through the part of the skull
containing the ear structures (the temporal bone) can also
cause damage to the middle ear.
Inner Ear Trauma:--
There are two principal damage mechanisms to the
inner ear in industrialized society, and both injure hair
cells. The first is exposure to elevated sound levels
(noise trauma), and the second is exposure to drugs
and other substances (ototoxicity).
WHAT IS AUDIOMETERY?
Assessment of hearing sensitivity and comparison of
slope of losing patient.
Study of neurological integrity of acoustic nerve and
brain stem pathway.
TESTS CONDUCTED FOR EAR DAMAGE

AUDITORY TESTS

OAE PURE TONE AUDIMETRY

CALORIC TEST GLYCEROL TEST TDT

SISI
A BLB
COHCLEAR IMPLANTATION:--
Cochlear implantation is a technique to provide
artificial hearing facility.
Here the clear view of cochlear implantation is shown
in Video.
BERA TEST
BERA is an electro-physiological test procedure
which studies the electrical potential generated
at the various levels of the auditory system
starting from cochlea to cortex.
The Bera test gives approximate average hearing
threshold level of subject.

Done by click sound by which subjects average

hearing threshold across all frequencies can be
automatically access without subject having to
respond.
PC Audiometer
SOLUTION OF EAR DAMAGE:--

When the ear is damaged and do not work properly

then in such cases Hearing Aid/Audiometer is used.

This instrument functions same as the ear and make

the patient to hear the sound.
HEARING AID:--
WORKING:--

A hearing aid is an electro acoustic body worn

apparatus which typically fits in or behind the
wearer's ear, and is designed to amplify and modulate
sound for the wearer. Earlier devices, known as an
"ear trumpet" or "ear horn", were passive funnel-like
amplification cones designed to gather sound energy
and direct it into the ear canal. Similar devices
include the bone anchored hearing aid, and
cochlear implant.
TYPES OF THE HEARING AID:--
1. Body worm aids
2. Behind the ear aids(BTE)
3. In the ear aids
4. Receiver in the canal/Ear(RIC/RITE)
5. In the canal(ITC), mini canal(MIC), Completely in the
canal aids(CIC)
6. Extended wear hearing aids
7. Open-fit devices
8. Personal programmable or consumer programmable
9. Disposable Hearing Aids
10. Bone Anchored Hearing Aids(BAHA)
11. Eyeglass aids
REFERENCE
www.youtube.com
www.wikepedia.com
R.S.Khandpur
Scott-Brown’s Otorhinolaryngology,Head and Neck
Surgery.
CONCLUSION
From this seminar we can conclude that ear is a very
delicate organ of our body.
We should not enter any pointed or sharp thing inside.
It may cause ear infection or ear damage.
We can understand the causes why ear get damaged
and their solutions.
THANK YOU