The Global Interstate

System
•MALTEZO•PACUDAN•
 Westphalian Theory

“is the principle of international law that each nation state

has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the
exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-
interference in another country's domestic affairs, and that
each state.”
 Understanding Imperialism and
Colonialism
Imperialism Colonialism
refers to the “various methods “Isone of the methods in which
that one country employs to gain one country takes control of a
political, economic and military geographic area that involves
control over another country or the settlement of settlers and
geographic area.” formal mechanisms of control.”
● IMPERIALISM- means the practice, the theory, and the
attitudes of the dominating core in ruling the distant
territory.

● COLONIALISM- the consequences of Imperialism, it is the

implanting of settlements on distant territory.

● POST-COLONIAL PERIOD- The era of when colonial

masters depart from from their former colonies.
 First Treaty of Friendship between
the Spaniards and Filipinos

“The Sandugo was a blood compact, performed in the

island of Bohol in the Philippines, between the Spanish
explorer Miguel López de Legazpi and Datu Sikatuna the
chieftain of Bohol on March 16, 1565, to seal their
friendship as part of the tribal tradition.”
TREATY OF WESTPHALIA
“The Peace of Westphalia was a series of peace
treaties signed between May and October 1648, largely
ending the European wars of religion. The Westphalia
area of north-eastern Germany gave its name to the
treaty that ended the Thirty Years’ War.”
Role of Colonialism in Shaping Global
Political and Economic hierarchy of
Societies
● Colonialism has shaped modern inequality.
● It ended up creating very distinct sorts of societies in different
places.
● Implementation of colonial education and languages to the
importation of technology, science, and medicine has impacted
colonized societies.
Effect of Globalization on Governments

Globalization can force local governments to

accept ideas and laws that they don’t agree
with.
Institutions that Govern International
Relations
● United Nations (UN)- describes itself as a “global association of
governments facilitating co-operation in international law,
international security, economic development and social equity.”

● Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)- is an “international

organization consisting of 57 member states. The organsation
attemps to be the collective voice of the Muslim world and to
safeguard their interest”
Institutions that Govern International
Relations
● African Union
● Arab League
● BRICS
● South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation
● Commonwealth of Nations
● Council of Europe
 NEO- INTERNATIONAL
COLONIALISM ISM GLOBALISM
“A new form of global “The state or process of Globalism refers to
power relationships being international. the various systems with
principle of cooperation
that involves not scope beyond the
among nations, for the
direct political control merely international.
promotion of their
but economic common good,sometimes
exploitation by as contrasted with
multinational nationalism, or devotion to
corporations.” the interests of a
particularnation.”
 Wallerstein’s World System Theory

“World economy” is an approach to world history and social

change that suggests there is a world economic system in
which some countries benefit while others are exploited.
Main Characteristics of World System
Theory : systems theory is established on a three-level
● The world
hierarchy consisting of core, periphery, and semi-periphery
areas.
● The core countries dominate and exploit the peripheral
countries for labor and raw materials.
● The peripheral countries are dependent on core countries for
capital.
● The semi-peripheral countries share characteristics of both core
and peripheral countries.
● This theory emphasizes the social structure of global inequality.
 CORE SEMI-PERIPHERY PERIPHERY
● appear to be powerful, ● ●
less developed economy least economically
wealthy and highly ● not dominant in the developed.
independent of outside international trade. ● One of the main reasons
control. ● In terms of their influence for their peripheral status is
● able to deal with on the world economies, the high percentage of
bureaucracies effectively they end up midway uneducated people who
● they have powerful between the core and can mainly provide cheap
militaries and can boast periphery countries. unskilled labor to the core
with strong economies. ● they strive to get into a nations.
● Due to resources that are ●
dominant position of the There is a very high level of
available to them (mainly core nation, and it was social inequality, together
intellectual), they are able proved historically that it is with a relatively weak
to be at the forefront of possible to gain major government which is
technological progress and influence in the world and unable to control country’s
have a significant influence become a core country. economic activity and the
on less developed non-core extensive influence of the
nations. core nations.
Three Major Intellectual Building Blocks
of World-system Theory
1. Annales school
● Historical approach
● Insistence on the long term (la longue dureé)
● Focus on geo-ecological regions as units of analysis
● Attention to rural history
● Reliance on empirical materials
 Three Major Intellectual Building Blocks
of World-system Theory
2. Marx
● the fundamental reality if social conflict among materially based human
groups
● the concern with a relevant totality
● the transitory nature of social forms and theories about them
● the centrality of the accumulation process and competitive class struggles
that result from it
● a dialectical sense of motion through conflict and contradiction
 Three Major Intellectual Building Blocks
of World-system Theory
3. Dependence theory
● a neo-Marxist explanation of development processes
● popular in the developing world
● focuses on understanding the “periphery” by looking at core-periphery
relations, and it has flourished in peripheral regions like Latin America
● Many contemporary critiques to global capitalism come from.
There may be only one class, although it is also said that classes
only actually exist in conflict situations, and conflicts presume
two sides. There is no contradiction here. For a conflict may be
defined as being between one class, which conceives of itself as
the universal class, and all the other strata. This has in fact been
the usual situation in the modern world-system.
The European world-economy of the sixteenth century tended
overall to be a one-class system. It was the dynamic forces
profiting from economic expansion and the capitalist system,
especially those in the core-areas, who tended to be class-
conscious, that is to operate within the political arena as a group
defined primarily by their common role in the economy.
 Immanuel Wallerstein

"a world-system is a social system, one that has boundaries,

structures, member groups, rules of legitimation, and coherence.
Its life is made up of the conflicting forces which hold it
together by tension and tear it apart as each group seeks
eternally to remold it to its advantage. It has the characteristics
of an organism, in that is has a lifespan over which its
characteristics change in some respects and remain stable in
others… Life within it is largely self-contained, and the
dynamics of its development are largely internal"
 QUIZ
Get ¼ sheet Yellow Paper
1. A new form of global power
relationships that involves not a. Westphalian Theory
direct political control but b. Periphery
economic exploitation by c. Neo-colonialism
multinational corporations. d. Core
e. Internationalism
2. appear to be powerful, wealthy f. Marx
and highly independent of
outside control.
3. is the principle of international
law that each nation state has
sovereignty over its territory and
domestic affairs, to the exclusion
of all external powers
4. “the fundamental reality if social
conflict among materially based
human groups”
5. Other term for World System 15. (True or False) Semi-Periphery is
Theory. the least economically developed

6-10. Institutions that Govern 16. Who established World System

International Relations (Give 5) Theory?

11-13. 3 Major Intellectual Building 17-18. Who performed blood

Blocks of World-system Theory compact in the island of Bohol?

14. ( True or False) Colonialism 19-20. Differentiate Imperialism and

means the practice, the theory, and Colonialism
the attitudes of the dominating core in
ruling the distant territory.
1. C
2. D
Key
3. A
4. F
5. World economy
6. - 10 African Union, Arab League, BRICS, South Asian Association of Regional
Cooperation, Commonwealth of Nations, Council of Europe, united nations, organizations
of islamic Cooperation (OIC)
11-13. Annales school, Marx, Dependency Theory
14. False
15. False
16. Immanuel Wallerstein
17-18. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi & Datu Sikatuna
19-20. IMPERIALISM- means the practice, the theory, and the attitudes of the dominating
core in ruling the distant territory.
COLONIALISM- the consequences of Imperialism, it is the implanting of settlements
on distant territory.