TROGLITAZONE

Prepared by:
ARIZA, ZAREEN ANGELA V.
MEJIA, VICA MAE B.
SOLIS, ALLYSSA MOIRA B.
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 Troglitazone
Troglitazone was the first thiazolidinedione approved for
use in the United States and was licensed for use in type 2
diabetes in 1997, but withdrawn 3 years later because of the
frequency of liver injury including acute liver failure associated
with its use.

Troglitazone is an insulin sensitizing agent thought to act by

engagement of PPAR-γ receptors which induce multiple genes
involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism.

In clinical trials, troglitazone was found to lower blood glucose

and HbA1c levels and had additive effects with the
sulfonylureas and metformin.
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 Troglitazone was approved for use in the United States in 1997 to be used alone or in combination
with other antidiabetic medications. However, reports of severe liver injury and death from acute liver
failure began to arise soon after its general availability, and it was withdrawn from use in 2000.

Troglitazone was sold under the brand name Rezulin and was available in 400 mg tablets. The
recommended dosage was 400 to 800 mg once daily.

Troglitazone was used as monotherapy as well as in combination with metformin, sulfonylureas or

insulin.
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 Troglitazone is an oral antihyperglycemic agent which acts primarily by
decreasing insulin resistance. Troglitazone is used in the management of type II
diabetes (noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) also known as adult-
onset diabetes). It improves sensitivity to insulin in muscle and adipose tissue and
inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis. Troglitazone is not chemically or functionally
related to either the sulfonylureas, the biguanides, or the g-glucosidase inhibitors.
Troglitazone may be used concomitantly with a sulfonylurea or insulin to
improve glycemic control.
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 DID YOU KNOW?
FDA Approval Date of troglitazone:

SEPTEMBER 16, 1999

TROGLITAZONE WAS DEVELOPED BY:

DAIICHI SANKYO
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 Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited is the second largest
pharmaceutical company in Japan and the 17th largest in the world. It is a
global holding company which sells products and services in over 20
countries, including the U.S. and has an estimated 15,000 employees.
Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd is headquartered in Tokyo
and was formed in 2005 from the merger of two separate companies,
Sankyo Co. and Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co. whose histories reach back to
1899. Daiichi Sankyo was responsible for the original discovery and
production of “Adrenalin”, a pharmaceutical form of the naturally
occurring neurotransmitter, epinephrine and has been a pioneer in the
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cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and immunology markets.

 Troglitazone was developed as the first anti-diabetic drug having a mechanism of action involving the enhancement of insulin
sensitivity. At the time it was widely believed that such drugs, by addressing the primary metabolic defect associated with Type 2
diabetes, would have numerous benefits including avoiding the risk of hypoglycemia associated with insulin and earlier oral
antidiabetic drugs. It was further believed that reducing insulin resistance would potentially reduce the very high rate of
cardiovascular disease that is associated with diabetes.

- an antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory drug, and a member of the drug class of the thiazolidinediones. It was prescribed for people

with diabetes mellitus type 2.

- is an antihyperglycemic agent. It helps your body respond better to insulin and it reduces the amount of sugar produced by your
liver. It can help control blood sugar levels.

- is used to treat non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II diabetes), along with diet and exercise, and insulin, a sulfonylurea,
or metformin (Glucophage) if necessary.

 
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― Irene M. Pepperberg
 - usually does not cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). However, hypoglycemia may occur as a result of skipped meals, excessive
exercise, or alcohol consumption. Know the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia, which include headache, drowsiness, weakness,
dizziness, fast heartbeat, sweating, tremor, and nausea. Carry a piece of hard candy or glucose tablets with you to treat episodes of
low blood sugar.

Treatment with troglitazone may cause resumption of fertility by allowing for the return of ovulation (production of eggs) in certain
women with insulin resistance who were not ovulating before treatment with troglitazone. Therefore, pregnancy may occur and birth
control may be a consideration.

Troglitazone is in the FDA pregnancy category B. This means that it is unlikely to harm an unborn baby. However, insulin is usually
the drug of choice for controlling diabetes during pregnancy. Do not take troglitazone without first talking to your doctor if you are
pregnant.
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 Who should not take troglitazone?

Do not take troglitazone without first talking to your doctor if you

have liver disease. In rare cases, troglitazone has caused severe liver
damage resulting in death or liver transplant.
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Before taking this medication, tell your
doctor if you:

-Have kidney disease;

-Have heart failure;
-Have thyroid disease;
-Have type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent
diabetes)
-Have a serious infection, illness, or injury; or
-Need surgery.
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 Side effects of Rezulin (troglitazone)
include:
-Infection
-Headache
-Runny or stuffy nose
-Urinary tract infection
-Diarrhea
-Weakness
-Dizziness
-Swelling of the extremeties
-Back pain, and sore throat
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 Video (uses of troglitazone)
https://www.rxwiki.com/troglitazone
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