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WELCOME

Chemistry
Class
ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC
SUBSTITUTIONS & Related reactions
01
Welcom e
!
T H I S W EE K A GEN D A

LO's
S U B S TITU TIO N

1 complete oxidation of the alkyl side-chain to give

a benzoic acid

2 hydrogenation of the benzene ring to form a

A R O M A TIC

cyclohexane ring

3 Nitration of benzenes with conc. HNO3 and

E LE C TR O P H ILIC
& RELATED REACTIONS

H2SO4

4 substitution reactions with chlorine and with

bromine

5 Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation

BINGUNG  TANYA LANGSUNG!
 WHAT TO LOOK??
Look for the mechanism of
Electrophilic substitutions
and how the catalyst works
01
Welcom e
!
T H I S W EE K A GEN D A

LO's
S U B S TITU TIO N

1 complete oxidation of the alkyl side-chain to give

a benzoic acid

2 hydrogenation of the benzene ring to form a

A R O M A TIC

cyclohexane ring

3 Nitration of benzenes with conc. HNO3 and

E LE C TR O P H ILIC
& RELATED REACTIONS

H2SO4

4 substitution reactions with chlorine and with

bromine

5 Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation

Oxidation
OF AL KYL BENZ ENES T O BEN Z OI C
ACI D

Acidified KMnO4

A C A D E M Y
solution under reflux

M E A D O W S
B LU E
C LA S S
E N G LIS H
 0
3
Q
Com p lete the follow ing tab le to show the

A nswer
structures of the organic products formed when
cumene reacts with the reagent .

this
01
Welcom e
!
T H I S W EE K A GEN D A

LO's
S U B S TITU TIO N

1 complete oxidation of the alkyl side-chain to give

a benzoic acid

2 hydrogenation of the benzene ring to form a

A R O M A TIC

cyclohexane ring

3 Nitration of benzenes with conc. HNO3 and

E LE C TR O P H ILIC
& RELATED REACTIONS

H2SO4

4 substitution reactions with chlorine and with

bromine

5 Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation

Hydrogenation
OF BENZ EN E T O CYCL
O H EXA N E

Excess Hydrogen gas

High Pressure
High Temperature
Nickel Catalyst
 0
3
Q
Com p lete the follow ing tab le to show the

A nswer
structures of the organic products formed when
cumene reacts with the reagent .

this
01
Welcom e
!
T H I S W EE K A GEN D A

LO's
S U B S TITU TIO N

1 complete oxidation of the alkyl side-chain to give

a benzoic acid

2 hydrogenation of the benzene ring to form a

A R O M A TIC

cyclohexane ring

3 Nitration of benzenes with conc. HNO3 and

E LE C TR O P H ILIC
& RELATED REACTIONS

H2SO4

4 substitution reactions with chlorine and with

bromine

5 Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation

EA S
W I T H CONC. HNO 3 AND H 2 S O 4
U N DER R EFL U X A T 5 0 - 5 5 DEG. CEL
CI US
Q

A nswer
this
01
Welcom e
!
T H I S W EE K A GEN D A

LO's
S U B S TITU TIO N

1 complete oxidation of the alkyl side-chain to give

a benzoic acid

2 hydrogenation of the benzene ring to form a

A R O M A TIC

cyclohexane ring

3 Nitration of benzenes with conc. HNO3 and

E LE C TR O P H ILIC
& RELATED REACTIONS

H2SO4

4 substitution reactions with chlorine and with

bromine

5 Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation

EA S
W I T H CH L ORI
NE
DARK

ROOM
 EA S
WI T H BROM I
NE
DARK

ROOM
 0
3
Q

A nswer
this
01
Welcom e
!
T H I S W EE K A GEN D A

LO's
S U B S TITU TIO N

1 complete oxidation of the alkyl side-chain to give

a benzoic acid

2 hydrogenation of the benzene ring to form a

A R O M A TIC

cyclohexane ring

3 Nitration of benzenes with conc. HNO3 and

E LE C TR O P H ILIC
& RELATED REACTIONS

H2SO4

4 substitution reactions with chlorine and with

bromine

5 Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation

 EA S
F R I E D E L - C R A F T A L K Y L A T I O N A N D A C Y L A
T I O N
 EA S
F R I E D E L - C R A F T A L K Y L A T
I O N
 EA S
F R I E D E L - C R A F T A C Y L A T I
O N
 EA S
F R I E D E L - C R A F T A C Y L A T I
O N
 LO’s
• Describe the EAS mechanism and
• Predicting the organic products in EAS

Organic and
Biological
Chemistry
Answer this

Organic and
Biological
Chemistry
Answer this

Organic and
Biological
Chemistry
‘2,4,6-directing group, if G is an activator’
Describe a synthesis
pathway (use your
knowledge within the
scope of AS and A2 level)
Changing from EDG to
EWG vice versa

-R  -COOH
-NH2  -NH3+
-NO2  -NH2
1 Suggest a pathway to
convert methane into
benzoic acid
http://tiny.cc/popplet11
2 Suggest a pathway to
convert benzoic acid into
diphenylmethane
Foundation of organic
synthesis
https://forms.gle/vJwQS
fL2YZoHrzKE9
Watch a video (2 mins)

https://youtu.be/rh0Tn_
oPS30
3 Suggest a pathway to
convert benzonitrile into
benzyl alcohol
https://forms.gle/xs9F
1McAAyShdWDr8
4 Suggest a pathway to
convert ethanol into
styrene
5 Suggest a pathway to
convert benzene into 4-
amino benzoic acid.
6 Suggest a pathway to
convert benzene into 3-
chloroaniline
7 Suggest a pathway to
convert ethylbenzene into
2-chlorobenzaldehyde