ARTS

IN THE PHILIPPINES
GARGANERA,KIM
GUASIL, GIL
 ARTS
IN THE PHILIPPINES
Arts in the Philippines refer to all the various
forms of the arts that have developed and
accumulated in the Philippines from the
beginning of civilization in the country up to the
present era. They reflect the range of artistic
influences on the country's culture, including
indigenous forms of the arts, and how these
influences have honed the country's arts. These
arts are divided into two distinct branches,
namely, traditional arts and non-traditional arts.
 CONTENTS
04
01 Top 10 Philippines Artist
and their works that have greatly
influenced the Philippine
Traditional arts Culture and Society.
in the Philippines 02
03
Non- traditional
arts Functional arts
in the Philippines
 TRADITIONAL ARTS
01 • Traditional Art is a kind of art that forms part of a
culture.
• It Includes group of people, skills and knowledge
which are transformed from one generation to
another.
• Traditional art includes using old techniques
usually refers to a style of art which follows a
regional, folk, or historical tradition in the use of
colors, the positioning of subjects, styles used or
employed, or so on.
 TRADITIONAL ART

Folk architecture

Bahay kubo-style Felipe Agoncillo

Rice granaries from Ifugao, called bale Bahay kubo-style Mabini House house
 TRADITIONAL ART
Bahay Kubo
The Bahay kubo, or nipa hut, is a type of stilt house indigenous to the cultures of the
Philippines.It is also known as payag or kamalig in other languages of the
Philippines. It often serves as an icon of Philippine culture.Its architectural
principles gave way to many of Filipino traditional houses and buildings that rose
after the pre-colonial era. These include the Colonial era "bahay na bato", which is a
noble version of bahay kubo with Spanish and some Chinese main architectural
influence and has become the dominant urban architecture in the past.
Nipa huts were the native houses of the indigenous people of the Philippines before
the Spaniard arrived. They were designed to endure the climate and environment of
the Philippines. These structures were temporary, made from plant materials like
bamboo.The accessibility of the materials made it easier to rebuild nipa huts when
damaged from a storm or earthquake.
 TRADITIONAL ART

Weaving

KALINGA TEXTILES PIÑA SAPUTANGAN TAPESTRY WEAVE

Community: Kalinga Community: Aklanon Community: Yakan
Origin: Province of Kalinga  Origin: Aklan Origin: Basilan
 TRADITIONAL ART
Binakol Weaving
Binakael (binakel, binakol, binakul) (transliterated, "to do a
sphere") is a type of weaving pattern traditional in the
Philippines. Patterns consisting entirely of straight lines
are woven so as to create the illusion of curves and volumes.
A sense of motion is also sought.

Binakol weaving is the 'Op Art' of the Philippines.

They believed that evil spirits that hovered overhead and

preyed on sleeping souls. The blankets in the dizzying
designs, they believed, would confuse and distract the evil
spirits.
 TRADITIONAL ART

Maritime transport

The Sama-Bajau's lepa house-boat
A balangay reconstruction A modernized falua in Batanes
with elaborate carvings
 TRADITIONAL ART
Balangay
•Balangay, also spelled barangay, is a type of lashed-lug boat built by
joining planks edge-to-edge using pins, dowels, and fiber lashings.
They are found throughout the Philippines and were used largely as
trading ships up until the colonial era.

The balangay was the first wooden boat that was excavated in

Southeast Asia. These boats were instrumental in the settlement of
Austronesian peoples in the Philippines and the Malay archipelago. It
was used for cargo and trading, in which Butuan, Agusan de Norte,
Philippines was a central trading port.
 TRADITIONAL ART

Basketry

Various rice baskets Various fish gears Filipino tobacco basket Gaddang people’s weaved headgear
 TRADITIONAL ART
Pasiking
The pasiking is the indigenous basket-backpack found
among the various ethno-linguistic groups of Northern
Luzon in the Philippines. Pasiking designs have sacred
allusions, although most are purely aesthetic.

Traditionally worn in the Mountain Province of the

Philippines, the Pasiking is used to carry goods and
equipment and also, even if carrying nothing, as just a
rain coat. The entire bag portion is woven rattan. The
water-proof covering is made from the extracted fibres
of a very long-leafed pineapple plant. 
 TRADITIONAL ART

Carving

Kulintang from Mindanao San Agustin Church door carvings Virgin of Sorrow Bulul god with pamahan cup (15th
(1607), part of a world heritage site and century)
a National Cultural Treasure
 TRADITIONAL ART
Bulul
Bulul, also known as bul-ul or tinagtaggu, is a carved wooden
figure used to guard the rice crop by the Ifugao (and their sub-tribe
Kalanguya) peoples of northern Luzon. The sculptures are highly
stylized representations of ancestors and are thought to gain power
and wealth from the presence of the ancestral spirit.The Ifugao are
particularly noted for their skill in carving bulul.

Bul'uls are used in ceremonies associated with rice production and

with healing. The creation of a bulul involves alwen bulul ritual by a
priest to ensure that the statue gains power. The bul'ul is treated
with care and respect to avoid the risk of the spirits of the ancestors
bringing sickness.
 TRADITIONAL ART

Pottery

Philippine ceramic (100-1400 CE) Burial pots, with the right having wave Pottery from Palawan The Intramuros Pot Shard, with a script
designs on it
 TRADITIONAL ART
Manunggul Jar
The Manunggul Jar shows that the Filipinos' maritime
culture is paramount that it reflected its ancestors'
religious beliefs. Many epics around the Philippines
would tell how souls go to the next life, aboard boats,
pass through the rivers and seas. This belief is connected
with the Austronesian belief of the anito.

The Manunggul Jar is a unique Neolithic secondary

burial jar with an incised running scroll and impressed
decorations. It is painted with hematite. On top of the
cover is a boat with two human figures that represent
souls on a journey to the afterlife
 TRADITIONAL ART

Martial arts

A martial artist wielding an arnis or Suntukan sequence Kalasag, shields used in Filipino warfare Arnis being taught in Australia
eskrima
 TRADITIONAL ART
Arnis
Arnis, also known as Kali or Eskrima/Escrima, is the
national martial art of the Philippines. The three are roughly
interchangeable umbrella terms for the traditional martial arts of
the Philippines ("Filipino Martial Arts", or FMA), which emphasize 
weapon-bassed fighting with sticks, knives, bladed weapons, and
various improvised weapons, as well as "open hand" techniques
without weapons.

Arnis comes from arnés, Old Spanish for "armor“

Arnis was developed by the indigenous populations of the

Philippines, who used an assorted range of weaponry for combat
and self-defense. Encompassing both simple impact and edged
weapons, arnis traditionally involved rattan, swords, daggers and
spears.
 TRADITIONAL ART

Culinary arts

Bibingka, a popular Christmas rice cake Chicken adobo on rice Sinigang a sour soup with meat and Lechon, whole roasted pig, stuffed with
with salted egg and grated coconut vegetables. spices
toppings
 TRADITIONAL ART
Adobo
History of Adobo
The adobo was traditionally cooked in clay pots but
today is made in more common metal pots or woks.
When the Spanish invaded and settled in the
Philippines during the 16th century, they witnessed
this traditional Filipino cooking method and called
it adobo, which is the Spanish word for marinade

The term adobo is derived from the Spanish word

adobar, meaning marinade. The practice of
marinating meat in a flavorful mixture made from
vinegar, salt, garlic, paprika, and oregano was
common to Spanish cooking.
 TRADITIONAL ART

Hat-making, mask-making,
and related arts

Masked festival participants Various masks used during the Performers at the Dinagyang festival Headgeared children at the Ati-Atihan
Kwaresma festival
 TRADITIONAL ART
Kwaresma Mask
Lent or kwaresma in Filipino is the season wherein Filipino
people recall Christ’s passion, his suffering, death and
resurrection. Philippines is known to be the only primarily
Christian country in the whole of Asia and its population is made
up of a big number of devout Catholics, which is the reason why
Lent Season or Holy Week traditions are commonly practiced in a
very unique way.
It is referred as Mahal na Araw or Semana Santa in the
Philippines, it starts from Palm Sunday, followed by Holy
Monday, Holy Tuesday, Holy Wednesday, Maundy Thursday,
Good Friday and concludes on Black Saturday and the Easter
Sunday.
In the Philippines, Maunday Thursday and Good Friday are
considered as public holidays.
 TRADITIONAL ART

Folk drawing and painting

Whang-od crafting a tattoo (21st Some recorded Igorot tattoos (c. 1896) Tattooed Bontoc Aeta man with body scarification
century)
 TRADITIONAL ART
Bontoc tattoo
Tattoos worn by the Bontoc Igorot men symbolized
the number of human heads taken during a
headhunting raid. The Kalinga Igorot
would tattoo their warriors on the back of the hands
and wrist after their first kill. The designs and
placement would get more elaborate depending on the
number of trophy heads they acquired.

The primary purpose of tattooing amongst the

Ifugao, Kalinga, and Bontoc ethnic groups are related
to headhunting; tattoos signify a man's transition
from being a recognized headhunter to a fearsome
warrior.
 TRADITIONAL ART

Glass art

Saint John of the Cross window) San Sebastian Church window, part of Marian depictions at the Manila Cathedral Zadkiel at Samar church
a National Cultural Treasure
 Non-traditional arts
02 The non-traditional arts in the Philippines
encompass dance, music, theater, visual arts,
literature, film and broadcast arts,
architecture and allied arts, and design.[2]
 There are numerous Filipino specialists or
experts on the various fields of non-
traditional arts, with those garnering the
highest distinctions declared as National
Artist, equal to Gawad Manlilika ng Bayan
(GAMABA).
 Non-traditional arts

Dance

● Competition ● Comparison

Dancers performing Tboli dances in an international stage Dancers during the Pamulinawen
 Non-traditional arts

Music

● Competition ● Comparison

Choir music University of the Philippines Madrigal Singers

 Non-traditional arts

Theater

● Competition ● Comparison

Promotion for the opera, Sangdugong Panaguinip (1902) Tanghalang Pambansa(National Theater)

 Visual Arts
The visual arts under the non-
traditional arts include
painting, non-folk sculpture,
printmaking, photography,
installation art, mixed media
works, illustration, graphic
arts, performance art, and
imaging.
 Non-traditional arts

Painting

● Competition ● Comparison

Women working in a rice field (1902) The Progress of Medicine in the Philippines (1953), a National Cultural Treasure
 Non-traditional arts

Non-folk Sculpture

● Competition ● Comparison

Mary and Child Bonifacio Monument (1933), a National Cultural Treasure

 Non-traditional arts

Literature

Florante at Laura, originally published in 1869 Noli Me Tángere, 1887

 Non-traditional arts

Film and broadcast arts

A postcard for the film, Zamboanga (1936) A cinema inside a Filipino mall

 Non-traditional arts

Architecture and allied arts

Baroque Manila Cathedral (c. 1571, rebuilt 1954) Earthquake baroque Paoay Church (c. 1694), world heritage site and
a National Cultural Treasure
 Non-traditional arts

Design

Earth-tone bags Various jewelries

 Functional Art
03 Occupying that tenuous space between
fine art and the everyday, functional
art refers to aesthetic objects that serve
utilitarian purposes. 

Functional art is a piece of art that

serves another purpose other than just to
be looked at. It's art that you can use or
wear.
 Functional Art
The Tumpong
Traditional Musical Instruments from the Philippines

The tumpong (also inci by the Maranao)

is a type of Philippine bamboo flute used
by the Maguindanaon, half the size of the
largest bamboo flute, the palendag. A lip-
valley flute like the palendag, the
tumpong makes a sound when players
blow through İNCİ GELDİ a bamboo reed
placed on top of the instrument and the
air stream produced is passed over an
airhole atop the instrument. This
masculine instrument is usually played
during family gatherings in the evening
and is presently the most common flute
played by the Maguindanaon.
 Functional Art
Sulibaw 
a hollow Igorot drum, topped with pig skin or lizard skin.)
A solibao is a conical tenor drum played by the
Bontoc and Ibaloi people of the Philippines. It
is played with the palms of both hands. It
usually appears as part of an ensemble along
with the kimbal, pinsak, kalsa and palas.
Sulibao is made from a hollowed out log
covered with deer skin or pig skin.

Both types of drums are made of cylindrical

pieces of wood. The solibao is used together
with the gangsa in ritual performances and
dances.
 Functional Art

Rice Basket
In the Philippines, basketry was an important
craftwork, usually carried out indifferently by
women and men to make domestic utensils such
as the lidded basket in the picture which was
used for keeping the rice grown by the family.

Traditionally used in the Philippines as a

winnowing basket to sift and clean rice, this
basket can be repurposed to hold snacks at
picnics, display goodies at your next dinner party,
or as a fruit bowl on your kitchen counter.
Lightweight, durable and hand-washable. Made
in the Philippines.
 Functional Art
Ifugao Brooms
Brooms of the Philippines
There are two main types of
native brooms used in the Philippines —
the walis tingting for outdoors and the walis
tambo for smooth floors indoors and
perhaps on the patio. Walis-tingting is
a broom made from the thin midribs of
palm leaves. The stiff ribs are tied up on one
end.

A walis tambo is a gadget that is used by

filipinos in cleaning floors. It is very
effective in sweeping dust and dirt or any
other trashes from cemented or wooden
floors inside the house.
 Functional Art

Salakot
Salakót is a traditional lightweight
headgear from the Philippines used for
protection against the sun and rain. They are
usually dome-shaped or cone-shaped and can
range in size from having very wide brims to
being almost helmet-like. They are made from
various materials including bamboo, rattan, nito
ferns, and bottle gourd. The tip of the crown
commonly has a spiked or knobbed finial made
of metal or wood. It is held in place by an inner
headband and a chinstrap.Salakot is also spelled
as salacot in Spanish and salacco in French. It is
the direct precursor to the pith helmet (also
called salacot in Spanish and French) widely
used by European military forces in the colonial
era.
 Top10 Philippine Artist and
04 their works that have greatly
influenced the Philippine
Culture and Society.
 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

Fernando Amorsolo
(1892-1972)

‘The Fruit Gatherer’, 1950 | © Fernando Amorsolo

 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

José Joya
(1931-1995)
‘Granadean Arabesque’, 1958 | © Joya
 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

Pacita Abad
(1946-2004)

Alkaff bridge by Pacita Abad | © joachim affeldt / Alamy Stock Photo

 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

Ang Kiukok
(1935-2005)

‘The Fishermen’, 1981 | © Ang Kiukok

 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

Benedicto Cabrera
(1942-present)

‘Sabel in Blue’, 2006 | © Bencab

 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

Kidlat Tahimik
(1942-present)

Murtaza Vali on the art of Kidlat Tahimik - Artforum International

 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

Eduardo Masferré
(1909-1995)

‘Sagada’, 1952 | © Masferre

 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

Agnes Arellano
(1949-present)

‘Carcass-Cornucopia’, 1987 | © Agnes Arellano

 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

Roberto Chabet
(1937-2013)

Roberto Chabet’s ‘Onethingafteranother’, at the Mission House, Manila Biennale

2018 | © Mark Demayo
 Top10 Philippine Artist and their works

Napoleon Abueva
(1930-2018)

The Cross at Mt. Samat. Bataan completed in 1970 | © Abueva / 1Bataan

Thank You !