LESSON 3.

1:
Conformity,
Deviance, and
Social Control
Conformity
✗ refers to the process of altering one's
thoughts and actions to adapt to the
accepted behavior within his or her
group or society.
Three types of conformity (Herbert Kelman)

✗ Compliance ✗ Identification ✗ Internalization

or acceptance
Compliance
✗ refers to the outward conformity to
social pressure but privately
disagreeing with it.

✗ This action is often motivated by the

desire to gain rewards or avoid
punishment.
Identification
✗ refers to the individual adopting a
certain behavior because it enables
him or her to have a satisfying
relationship with the members of his
or her group.
Internalization or
acceptance
✗ involves both public compliance and internal
acceptance of the norms and standards
imposed by the group.

✗ is motivated by the desire to be right, with the

authority figure or person of influence being
deemed trustworthy, credible, and of good
judgment.
Deviance
✗ is defined as a behavior that elicits a
strong negative reaction from group
members and involves actions that
violate commonly held social
norms.
Structural strain theory (Robert
Merton)

✗ argues that the tensions and strains

between socially-approved goals and an
individual's ability to meet them will
lead to deviance.
Labeling theory
✗ which believes that there is actually no
deviance in society; deviance only
emerges when society begins labeling
certain actions as "deviant" or
"undesirable."
Broken windows theory
✗ suggests a direct relationship
between social disorder and
deviance, and that maintaining even
an appearance of order is sufficient
to discourage deviance.
Social control
and Sanctions
✗ Social control is ✗ Sanctions are the most
defined as any common means of
systematic means and social control, and are
practices used to often employed to
maintain norms, rules, address. conflicts and
and laws; regulate violations of social
conflict; and norms. Sanctions can
discourage deviant be formal or informal.
behavior.
Formal sanctions
✗ are those provided for by laws and
other regulations in society.

Informal sanctions
✗ are most commonly imposed by
smaller societies, communities, or
groups.
Human Dignity
and Human
Rights
Human dignity refers to the idea that a person has
the innate right to be valued, respected, and treated
well.

Human rights are legal, social, and ethical

principles that consider the human person as
deserving of liberties and protections by virtue of
his or her human dignity.
Human rights are considered to
have the following
characteristics:
 

✗ Universal
✗ Fundamental
✗ Indivisible
✗ Absolute  
 A major legal instrument that upholds the recognition of
human rights is the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights (UDHR), which was drafted by the United
Nations Commission on Human Rights in 1948.
https://
www.humanrights.com/what-are-human-rights/universal-declaration-of-human-rights/articles-01-10.
html