Diagnosis

(Dia=through + gnosis=knowledge)
• Art of recognition and determination of nature of the
disease

• Process of deducing the nature of disease

 One should be familiar with the diseases of all animals

 Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs and

epidemiology

 Changes in normal physiological functions, structure

and behavior of animals
 Classification of diagnosis

• Snapshot diagnosis
Diagnosis made at very first
approach (at a glance)
• Direct diagnosis
Diagnosis made directly by observing structural
lesions
• Differential diagnosis
Art of differentiation of diseases by comparison with
diseases of similar symptoms
• Tentative diagnosis
Diagnosis made on the basis of subjective changes
observed through clinical examination
• Symptomative diagnosis
Diagnosis made on the basis of pathological changes
observed through clinical examination (observation of
symptoms)
• Laboratory diagnosis
Diagnosis made on the examination of various
pathological materials
e.g. Blood, urine, feces etc
• Confirmatory diagnosis
Diagnosis made on the
basis of clinical and clinico-
pathological examination
 Methods of diagnosis

 Clinical examination (TPR)

Body Temperature

Pulse

Respiration
• Physical examination
Senses of;
sight
touch
listening
 Sight, touch and listening
Observing through eyes

INSPECTION
Feeling through hands and fingers

PALPATION and PERCUSSION

Listening through ears

AUSCULTATION
INSPECTION
Visual examination of the patient

PALPATION
Act of handling tissues or part of body with the
help of hand or fingers
PERCUSSION
Act of striking deeper parts of the body to
produce audible sounds
AUSCULTATION
Act of listening the sound produced by
thoracic and abdominal organs