MALNUTRITION & ITS IMPACTS ON

CHILDREN AND WOMEN IN INDIA

NIKITHA . RATHEESH
8C
WELCOME
 WHAT ARE NUTRIENTS

Nutrients comes from the food we

eat. It is important to know about
nutrition so you can make wiser
decisions about what you eat.
 NUTRITION MANAGEMENT

• Good nutrition helps the body fight infections, so provide adequate but not excessive
nutrients(avoid overfeeding) & maintenance of healthy body weight is important
• Increase frequency of meals to compensate for the increased caloric requirements .
• The meal should include a variety of foods including energy-rich foods, meat, milk, legumes &
pulses, fruits & vegetables.
• Consider supplements with vitamin C, zinc, vitamin A, B6, D, E, iron, folate & fiber if not getting
enough from the diet.
 PROTEIN & IMMUNITY

• The immune system is a wonderful collaboration between

cells & proteins that work together to provide defence
against infection.
• The immune system is dispersed throughout the body to
provide rapid responses to infection. Cells travel through the
bloodstream or in specialized vessels called lymphatics.
• High protein foods for vegetarians include legumes , pulses,
dals, channa, soya bean and soya products, dairy products.
 PROTEIN & IMMUNITY

• Lentils & pulses -serving size: 30 g; protein per serving 6 g

• Dairy products - serving size: 150 ml, protein per serving 5
g
• High protein foods for non-vegetarian include poultry,
fish, meat,eggs
• Chicken/ fish -serving size: 100 g; protein per serving 20 g
approx.
• Egg –serving size: 50 g; protein 6.5 g
 CARBOHYDRATE

FATS
PROTEIN

BALANCED
DIET VITAMINS
MINERALS

WATER FIBRE
BALANCED DIET
CARBOHYDRATES- THE IDEAL SOURCE OF ENERGY
CAR
 CARBOHYDRATE

• Complex carbohydrates usually comprise of whole cereals, starchy

vegetables, whole grains. Carbohydrates are also present in fresh fruits and
vegetables.
• It is recommended to include food items such as whole grain wheat flour,
corn, red or brown rice, ragi, fresh fruits & vegetables
• Refined carbohydrates should be restricted in the diet. These occur in corn
flour, refined flour and products made of the same, refined sugar .
• In addition simple sugars occur in aerated & sweetened beverages &
carbonated drinks which should be avoided.
 EXCESSIVE USE OF CARBOHYDRATES

• Obesity

• Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

(NIDDM)

• Cardiovascular diseases

• Dental caries
PROTEIN FOR GROWTH AND REPAIR OF BODY
 INADEQUATE

Effects of inadequate consumption of proteins:

Weight loss – malnutrition
Oedema: Collection of fluid under the skin
Muscle wasting
Brittle hair and nails
Weakness and lethargy
Delayed wound healing
 EXCESSIVE USE OF PROTEINS

• Hyperuricemia or Gout

• Hypertension

• Renal issues

• IBS
 INCLUDE GOOD FAT SOURCES

• Fat is essential for daily body process as well as for absorption of

fat soluble vitamins & should be prescribed in optimal balance
• Fat should comprise of not more than 20-30 % of total caloric
intake per day
• Mufa based oils: olives, soya bean, ground nut, almonds, rice
bran
• Omega 3 sources: flax seeds, sesame seeds, pumpkin seeds) &
EPA & DHA (fatty fish such as tuna, mackerel, sardines etc.)
• Avoid trans fats in diet
WHAT IS MALNUTRITION
UNDER NUTRITION
TWO FORMS OF UNDERNUTRITION
FORMS OF PEM
MICRO NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY
CALCIUM
VITAMINS & MINERALS
IRON
VITAMINS & MINERALS
VITAMINS & MINERALS
CONCLUSION
TAKE HOME MESSAGE

• Keep up fruit and vegetable intake.

• Build up a stock of healthy snacks.
• Limit highly processed foods.
• Plenty of oral fluids to hydrate yourself.
• Exercise regularly
• Have a healthy balanced diet.