LESSON 2 NOTHING LAST

FOREVER: WAYS TO SEPARATE

MIXTURE COMPONENTS
Lesson 2
OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson the students should be able to:

1. Cite different methods in separating mixtures
2. Give examples of mixtures that can be separated by decantation, by evaporation,
by filtration, and by using a sieve and/or magnet
3. Determine the common substances and materials used in your daily life
Based on the video that you have watched, how can one separate the seemingly
inseparable materials?

We can separate seemingly inseparable materials through different methods. For

instance, I can separate the boiled noodles from water by straining.
 Think of a way to separate these mixtures….

Sand can be separated from the pebbles by using a strainer

 Think of a way to separate these mixtures….

Salt can be recovered from the water by heating the brine solution.
 Think of a way to separate these mixtures….

Muddy water can become clear by passing it through a filter

 The components of mixture can be separated using various methods depending
on the materials or substances that make it up. In some cases, there are mixtures
that require more complicated processes just to separate the components.

Suppose you have macaroni salad for merienda. If

you don’t like to eat the vegetables, you can just pick or
remove it using spoon. This simple way of removing a
particular component out of a mixture is a manual
method of separation.
 METHODS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES

In sedimentation, the insoluble solid materials are allowed to settle at the bottom of the
liquid container. These insoluble solids are known as sediments.
Once the sediments have settled, the liquid can slowly be transferred to another
container without disturbing the sediments. This is the decantation process. In the case
of sand and water mixture, you can gently pour the water into another container, leaving
the sand that settled at the bottom.

Decantation can be a practical and useful way of separating everyday mixtures.

Filtration

Filtration is another method that is used to separate the components of

suspension mixtures with the help of a filter. A filter is a special type of
material made up of a porous, tiny mesh of fibers that allow water to pass
through while leaving impurities or dirt stuck on its surface. The filtered water
or liquid that passes through a filter is called a filtrate. The solid material that
will be trapped is called the residue.
Filtration is used to removed water impurities either for business purposes(e.g.
water stations) or for personal purposes.
A clean katsa(muslin cloth) or lampin(diaper cloth)
can be used as filters.Both have very fine holes that
do not allow certain solid materials to pass through.
The bacteria and other contaminants that are still present in water can be
effectively removed only by evaporation, distillation, or use of purifying tablets.

Evaporation

This method is used in separating a soluble substance from the liquid of the
mixture part through heating or boiling. Evaporation is the process of changing a
liquid into gaseous form or vapor. When the liquid is heated or boiled for a period
of time, the liquid eventually becomes a vapor. This process is used by people in
salt industry to get salt from seawater.
 Sieving

It is a process of separating particles of different sizes through the use of a

sifter or sieve. It is often used to separate solid materials with different sizes, such
as gravel and sand. Sieving is applied also in cooking or baking. Bakers sieve flour
to separate large clumps.
A strainer is a kind of sieve often used to separate solids from liquids. Cooks
use a strainer to take out the cooked noodles or pasta from the pot with water.
Sieving is used to separate solid materials, whereas filtration is used for
separating tinier solid particles and impurities from the liquid.Also sieving uses a
sieve, with visible holes, whereas filtration uses filter like filter paper with too tiny
holes.
Use of Magnets

Some mixtures are composed of materials that can be separated using a

magnet. Sewing needles and pins are some materials that are pulled by a
magnet.
Metals like gold, silver and copper do not stick to a magnet. On the other
hand, materials made of iron, nickel, and cobalt are easily attracted to a
magnet.
1. How are mixture components separated?
 1. How are mixture components separated?

Mixtures can be separated through different methods such as evaporation,

sedimentation, decantation, filtration, sieving, and use of a magnet.
2. Can you think of other practical ways of separating mixture components?
Give one and cite an example of a situation wherein this method of separation
can be observed.
2. Can you think of other practical ways of separating mixture components?
Give one and cite an example of a situation wherein this method of separation
can be observed.

Another practical way of separating mixtures is by simply removing the

chosen or unwanted material using our bare hands, especially if the
object is big enough to hold. We can also just simply scoop the unwanted
material from the mixture if possible.
Assignment:
Do letters A, B,C, and D on pages 36-38.