Logic Statements and

Quantifiers
Logic statement and quantifier

  Are expressionsor phrases that indicate the

number of objects that a statement pertains to.
Statements
 Is a declarative sentence having truth value.
Example:
Today is Saturday
Today I have math class
1+1=2
3<1
Symbols for statements: “This is based on example in the
stamen”
p: Today is Saturday
q: Today I have math class
r: 1+1=2
S: 3<1
Types of logical statemen:

 Negation statement – Is a statements that cancels out or

denies another statement or action.
 Disjunction statement - Is a compound statement formed
by joining two statements with the connector OR.
 Conjunction statement - Is a statement formed by adding
two statements with the connector AND.
Example of negation
statement:
 Example:
• Original Statement: “15 + 20 equals 35.” (is true)
Negation: “15 + 20 does not equal 35.” (is false)
• “A dog is a cat.” is a false statement. “A dog is not a cat.” is
a true statement. ...
• “A fish has gills.” is a true statement. “A fish does not have
gills.” is a false statement.
Example of disjunction
statement:
 It is true when p is true, or when q is true, or when p and q are
both true; it is false when both p and q are false.
Example:
Either Mac Did it or Bud did
Example of conjunction
statement:
 Let r: 5 be a rational number and s: 15 be a prime number. Is
it conjunction? Solution: Given that r: 5 is a rational number.
This proposition is true. s: 15 is a prime number. This
proposition is false as 15 is a composite number. Therefore,
as per the truth table, r and s is a false statement. So, r ∧ s =
F.
Quantifiers

 Are expressionsor phrases that indicate the
number of objects that a statement pertains to.
There are two types of Quantifiers in Mathematical
logic:
* Existential Quantifier
* Universal Quantifier
Existential Quantifier
  isa type of quantifier, a logical constant which is
interpreted as "there exists", "there is at least one",
or "for some".
Example:
some water, a boy.
Universal Quantifier
  isused to express that the formula following holds
for all values of the particular variable quantified. 
Example:
-the statement x > 1 to "for every object x in the
universe, x > 1 ", which is expressed as " x x > 1 ".
This new statement is true or false in the universe of
discourse.