B.F.

SKINNER:
BEHAVIORAL
ANALYSIS
Burrhus Frederic
Skinner or B.F.
Skinner
Born on March 20, 1904, in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania,
USA

Father: William Skinner - A lawyer and politician

Mother:Grace Mange Burrhus Skinner -A Presbyterian,

who took care of the house and takes care of house
and family

Skinner grew up in a comfortable, happy, upper-

middle class home where his parents practiced the
values of temperance, service, honesty, and hard
work.
 B.F.
SKINNER IN

LITERATUR
After 3 months in creative writing, Fred realized that

E
the quality of his work was poor. (He blamed his
parents, their hometown, even literature itself)

November 1927 - he decided to abandon literature and

study psychology.
 B.F.
SKINNERIN
P SY C HOLOGY
He became determined to be a behaviorist after reading some of the works
of Watson and Pavlov.

He became a graduate student at Harvard University’s psychology

department, aged 24.

1931 - completed his PhD

- Harvard created the Society of Fellows (a program designed to
promote creative thinking among young intellectually gifted men in the
 B.F.
P ERSONAL
SKINNER
LIFE
1936 -married Yvonne
Blue 1938 - Julie
Skinner
1944 - Deborah Skinner
1964 - retired from
teaching
1974 - retired as
 SCIENTIFIC
BEHAVIORISM
· Skinner believed that
human behavior can be
studied scientifically , also
the best way to study is
without reference to
needs, instincts and
motives. Scientific
behaviorism aims to
explain and interpret
human behavior
· Skinner agreed with
the theory of Edward
Thorndike- Law of
Effect, in which a
certain behavior is being
followed by pleasant
consequences in order to
be repeated, and the
opposite if it is to be
stopped.
 CONDITIONING

https://www.psychology.
com

O P E R A N TC O N D I T I O N I N G

first described by behaviorist B.F. Skinner,

which they employ rewards and punishments for
behaviors
 CONDITIONING

CLASSICAL
CONDITIONIN
G

learned through association

and was discovered by Pavlov,
a Russian physiologist. In
simple terms, two stimuli are
linked together to produce a
new learned response
 REINFORCEMENT

the root word of reinforcement is

1 reinforce which means to strengthen or increase.

increases
thus, reinforcement
the chances that a behavior will
repeate be it is also important to
d.
reinforcement noteoccurs
that after a
behavior.
POSITIVE
2 REINFORCEMENT
adding a pleasant consequence or adding
something valued or desirable to increase your
behavior.
NEGATIVE
3 REINFORCEMENT
we are going to take away an unpleasant
consequence.
PUNISHMENT

the main purpose of punishment is

to weaken your response or decrease
your behavior
 PUNISHMENT

NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
PUNISHMEN
PUNISHMEN
T
T
taking away or
adding an
removing a
unpleasant
pleasant
consequence to
consequence or
decrease your
removing
behavior
something
 THE H U M A N
ORGANISM

NATURAL CULTURAL
SELECTION EVOLUTION
I N N E R S TAT E S

It can be studied outside the realm of science and he does

not deny their existence. Hunger, emotions, values, and
self - confidence are all factors that influence behavior.
 SELF A W A R E N E S S

Skinner claims that people are mindful of their consciousness

not only on their environment but are also aware of themselves as
part of their environment
 D RIV ES

Drives refer to the effects of deprivation and satiation and to the

corresponding probability that the organism will respond
 EM O T IO N S

Skinner acknowledged the subjective presence of emotions, but

he argued that they should not be blamed for behavior
 PURPOSE
&
IN T EN T IO N S
Purpose and intention are present within the skin, but they are not
visible to the naked eye. A deep sense of responsibility can be
self - reinforcing.
COMPLEX

B EH A V IO R

complex behavior is also created through shaping,

the process of guiding an organism ' s behavior
to the desired outcome through the used of
successive approximation to a final desired
behavior.
HIGHER
MENTAL
PROCESSES
Skinner admitted that human thought is the
most difficult of all behaviors to analyze

CREATIVITY
If behavior were nothing other than a
predictable stimuli, creative behavior could
not exist because only previously
reinforced behavior would be emitted

UNCONSCIOUS BEHAVIOR
Skinner could not accept the notion of a
storehouse of unconscious ideas or
emotions
DREAMS
Skinner saw dreams as
covert and symbolic forms
of behavior

SOCIAL
BEHAVIOR
Briefly elaborate on what
you want to discuss.
CONTROL 12 5

OF H U M A N 10 0

B E H AV I O R 75

50
an individual ' s behavior is controlled
be environmental contingencies.
Those contingencies may have been 25

erected by society, by another

individual, or by oneself; but the
0
environment, not free will, is Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Item 5

responsible for behavior

 SOCIAL SELF -
CONTROL CONTROL
Individuals act to form social Skinner says that just as
groups because such people can alter the
behavior tends to be variables within their own
reinforcing environment and thus
exercise some measure of
self control
UNHEALTHY
PERSONALITY
counteracting strategies (through)

Escaping - people withdraw from the controlling agent either

physically or psychologically.
Revolting - people rebel through vandalizing public property,
tormenting teachers, verbally abusing other people, etc.
Passively Resisting - is most likely to be used when escape and
revolt failed
INAPPROPRIATE
BEHAVIORS
excessive vigorous behavior
blocking of reality
self - punishment
excessive restrained behavior
defecting self - knowledge
 PSYCHOTHERAPY

T H E R A P E U T I C T E C H N I Q U E S T H AT
R E Q U I R E A C O L L A B O R AT I V E E F F O RT B Y
B O T H T H E R A P I S T A N D C LIEN T. IT A I M S
TO HELP THE INDIVIDUAL IN C H A N G I N G
T H EI R B E H AV I O R B Y C O N C E N T R AT I N G O N
C O N S E Q U E N C E S O F THEIR A C T I O N
(REINFORCEMENT AND/OR PUNISHMENT).
THANK