CONSTRUCTIO

N EQUIPMENTS
(CONCRETE MIXER
AND READY MIX
CONCRETE PUMP

SUMBITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

AR.VIKRAM SINGH SHIVALI SINGH
B.ARCH,VI-SEMESTER
ITMSATP,BKT,LKO
INTRODUCTION
 IN THE CASE OF HUGE CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS; PROPER USE OF THE APPROPRIATE EQUIPMENT CONTRIBUTES
TO ECONOMY, QUALITY, SAFETY, SPEED AND TIMELY COMPLETION OF A PROJECT. EQUIPMENT ARE USE FOR
HIGHWAY PROJECTS, IRRIGATION, BUILDINGS, POWER PROJECTS ETC.

SELECTION OF EQUIPMENTS
• FOR A BUILDING PROJECT, THE SELECTION OF EQUIPMENT DEPENDS UPON: ▫ THE TYPE, SIZE AND OTHER
PARTICULARS OF EQUIPMENT ▫ WHETHER THE EQUIPMENT IS TO BE PURCHASED, RENTED OR TO BE
PROCURED UNDER HIRE-CUM-PURCHASE ARRANGEMENT.

• TYPES OF EQUIPMENTS
• ELECTRIC HAND TOOLS
• VIBRATORS
• PUMPS
• COMPACTORS
• ROLLERS
• CONCRETE MIXERS
• PUMPS FOR READY-MIX CONCRETE
• TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENTS
Source:neT CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
• ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• INCREASE THE RATE OF OUTPUT THROUGH WORK PROGRESS WITH THE BEST EFFECTIVE
AND EFFICIENT METHODS.
• REDUCE THE OVERALL CONSTRUCTION COSTS ESPECIALLY FOR LARGE CONTRACTS
• CARRY OUT ACTIVITIES WHICH CANNOT BE DONE MANUALLY OR TO DO THEM MORE
ECONOMICALLY AND MUCH FASTER.
• ELIMINATE THE HEAVY MANUAL WORK BY HUMAN THUS REDUCING FATIGUE AND
ELIMINATES VARIOUS OTHER HAZARDS AND HEALTH ISSUES.
• MAINTAIN THE PLANNED RATE OF PRODUCTION WHERE THERE IS A SHORTAGE OF
SKILLED OR UNSKILLED LABOR.
• MAINTAIN THE HIGH QUALITY STANDARDS OFTEN REQUIRED BY PRESENT-DAY DESIGN
AND SPECIFICATIONS (TECHNICAL STANDARDS)
• IF THE MACHINE BREAKS DOWN, IT CAN CAUSE DELAY OF CONSTRUCTION WORK
• ELECTRIC TOOLS CAN CAUSE SHORT CIRCUIT, WHICH MAY RESULT IN FIRE.
• ONLY SKILLED LABORS CAN OPERATE THE EQUIPMENTS
• SPECIAL ASSISTANCE IS REQUIRED TO OPERATE THEM AS IT MAY HARM PEOPLE ON THE
SITE.
• CONTRACTORS IN SMALL PROJECTS CREATE ISSUE OVER BUYING OR RENTING OF
EQUIPMENTS AND MAY CHARGE HIGH CHARGES.
CONCRETE MIXERS
• A CONCRETE MIXER IS A DEVICE THAT
HOMOGENEOUSLY COMBINES CEMENT,
AGGREGATE SUCH AS SAND OR GRAVEL, AND
WATER TO FORM CONCRETE.
• A TYPICAL CONCRETE MIXER USES A
REVOLVING DRUM TO MIX THE
COMPONENTS.
• MORE OVER THE ROTATING SPEED OF THIS
MIXER IS 19 RPM IN 180 SECONDS EXACTLY
• THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF CONCRETE
MIXERS- ▫ PORTABLE ▫ STATIONARY
• CONCRETE TRANSIT MIXERS: THEY ARE
MAINLY USED FOR TRANSPORTING
CONCRETE FROM BATCHING POINT.
Source:neT CONCRETE MIXER
• CAPACITY:- ▫ 3CUM-9CUM PORTABLE
CONCRETE MIXER STATIONARY CONCRETE
MIXER

THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF CONCRETE

MIXER

(1) TWIN SHAFT MIXER

(2) VERTICAL AXIS MIXER
(3) DRUM MIXER
• DRUM MIXERS ARE KNOWN TO
HAVE THE LOWEST MAINTANCE
AND OPERATING COST.ALL THE
THREE TYPES OF MIXERS ARE
USED TO VARYING DEGREE IN
ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD.
• VERTICAL AXIS MIXERS ARE
MOST COMMONLY USED FOR THE
PRODUCTION OF COLOURED
CONCRETE AND SMALLER BATCHES
OF O.98 – 3.9 CUBIC YARDS

Source:neT DRUM CONCRETE MIXER Source:neT VERTICAL CONCRETE MIXER

TWINSHAFT MIXERS ARE

KNOWN FOR THIER HIGH
INTENSITY MIXING IN SHORT
PERIOD OF TIME. THESE MIXERS
ARE TYPICALLY USED FOR HIGH
STRENGTH CONCRETE IN
BATCHES OF 2.6 – 7.8 CUBIC
YARDS.

Source:neT TWIN SHAFT CONCRETE MIXER

• TYPES OF DRUM MIXER DRUM MIXERS ARE BROADLY CLASSIFIED
INTO TWO MAIN CATAGORIES:-
• (1) TILTING DRUM MIXER
• (2) NON-TILTING DRUM MIXER

TILTING DRUM MIXER

THESE TYPES OF MIXERS ARE
GENERALLY USED FOR MINI
PROJECTS. THEY HAVE A LEVER
OR HANDLE WITH THE HELP OF
WHICH THE FRESHLY MIXED
CONCRETE IS DISCHARGED OR
TIPPED INTO A WHEELBARROW

Source:neT TILTING DRUM CONCRETE MIXER

NON-TILTING DRUM MIXER
THESE MIXERS DONOT TILT. IN
THIS TYPE OF DRUM MIXERS
THE BLADES INSIDE THE DRUM
ARE DESIGNED SO THAT ON
REVERSING THE ROTATION THE
CONCRETE IS DISCHARGED
FROM THE DRUM. HENCE THEY
ARE ALSO KNOWN AS
REVERSING DRUM MIXERS.

Source:neT NON TILTING DRUM CONCRETE MIXER

• IN-TRANSIT MIXER
• CONCRETE TRANSPORTIN TRUCK
IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS IN-TRANSIT
MIXER THEY ARE MADE TO
TRANSPORT AND MIX CONCRETE
UP TO THE CONSTRUCTION SITE
THEY CAN BE CHARGED WITH DRY
MATERIALS AND WATER, WITH
MIXING OCCURING DURING
TRANSPORT
•  IN-TRANSIT MIXER WITH THIS
PROCESS , THE MATERIALS HAS
ALREADY BEEN MIXING. IT
MAINTAIN THE MATERIAL’S
LIQUID STATE THROUGH TURNING
OF THE DRUM UNTIL DELIVERY

• IN-TRANSIT MIXER WHEN

THE DRUM REVERSE ITS
ROTATIONAL DIRECTION THE
SREW TYPE A
RRENGEMENT OF THE BLADE
FORCES THE CONCRETE OUT
OF THE DRUM Source:neT IN-TRANSIT CONCRETE MIXER
 WORKING OF MIXER
• THE REVOLVING DRUM IS USED TO MIX ALL THE COMPONENTS OF CONCRETE THE DRUM IS
ATTACHED WITH USUALLY TWO ROLLARS WHICH ARE OPERATED BY A MOTOR WATER, CEMENT AND
AGGREGATES ARE PUT INSIDE THE REVOLVING DRUM IN A DESIRED PROPORTION
•  WORKING OF MIXER FOR EXAMPLE IF YOU WANT HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE, THEN USE 1:2:4 RATIO
OF CEMENT, SAND AND GRAVAL RESPECTIVELLY WATER IS THEN ADDED ACCORDING TO THE
CEMENT AMOUNT, TO CARRY OUT THE HYDRATION PROCESS OF CEMENT

• WORKING OF MIXER AFTER 1 OR 2 MINUTES THE CONCRETE IS DISCHARGED INTO A CHUTE

A CHUTE IS A CONTAINER THAT GUID THE CONCRETE TO A WHEELBARROW

•  WORKING OF MIXER AFTER THIS PROCESS THE DRUM IS THEN WASHED WELL SO THAT THE
CEMENT MAY NOT STICK TO IT

USE OF CONCRETE MIXER

(1) DRUM IT IS USED TO MIX THE COMPONENTS

(2) ROLLARS IT ROLLS THE DRUM
(3) MOTOR IT OPERATUS THE ROLLERS
(4) BLADES IT IS USED TO MIX THE INGREDIENTS
HOMOGENOUSLY AND DISCHARGE IT
(5) CHUTE IT IS USED TO GUID THE READY MIXED
CONCRETE INTO A WHEELBARROW
(6) LEVER IT IS USED FOR TILTING THE DRUM TO
DISCHARGE THE CONCRETE
(7) GEARBOX IT IS USED TO CONTROL THE ROTATIONAL
SPEED OF DRUM
 PUMP
•  A PUMP IS A DEVICE THAT MOVES FLUIDS (LIQUIDS OR GASES), OR SOMETIMES SLURRIES, BY
MECHANICAL ACTION. 1.CONCRETE PUMP
• TWO TYPES OF CONCRETE PUMPS. THE FIRST TYPE OF CONCRETE PUMP IS ATTACHED TO A
TRUCK, OTHER TYPE IS PISTON
• USUALLY, PISTON PUMPS ARE USED, BECAUSE THEY CAN PRODUCE HUNDREDS OF
ATMOSPHERES OF PRESSURE. ▫ READYMIX CONCRETE PUMP: THEY ARE USED FOR HORIZONTAL
AND VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION OF LARGE VOLUMES OF CONCRETE IN SHORT DURATION. 2.
WATER PUMP
• THE WATER PUMP IS A SIMPLE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP DRIVEN BY A BELT CONNECTED TO THE
CRANKSHAFT OF THE ENGINE. THE WATER PUMP USES CENTRIFUGAL FORCE TO SEND FLUID TO
THE OUTSIDE WHILE IT SPINS, CAUSING FLUID TO BE DRAWN FROM THE CENTER
CONTINUOUSLY.
 TYPES OF CONCRETE PUMPS
• CONCRETE PUMPS TWO TYPES OF CONCRETE
PUMPS
• : 1. DIRECT-ACTING, HORIZONTAL PISTON TYPE WITH
SEMI-ROTARY VALVES SET TO PERMIT ALWAYS THE
PASSAGE OF THE LARGEST AGGREGATE PARTICLES. THIS
TYPE OF PUMP CAN COVER A HORIZONTAL DISTANCE OF
1000 M AND A VERTICAL DISTANCE OF 120 M. THE
CONCRETE IS FED IN BY GRAVITY AND IS ALSO PARTIALLY
SUCKED IN DURING THE SUCTION STROKE. THE VALVES
OPEN AND CLOSE WITH DEFINITE PAUSES SO THAT
CONCRETE MOVES IN A SERIES OF IMPULSES, BUT THE
PIPE ALWAYS REMAINS FULL. THESE PUMPS ARE CAPABLE
OF PUMPING 130 M3 OF CONCRETE PER HOUR WITH 8
INCH PIPES.
• 2. SQUEEZE PUMPS OR PERISTALTIC PUMPS ARE THE
ONES THAT USE VACUUM PUMPING. THESE PUMPS CAN
COVER A DISTANCE OF 90 M HORIZONTALLY AND 30 M
VERTICALLY, AND ARE CAPABLE OF PUMPING 20 M3 OF
CONCRETE PER HOUR USING 3 INCH PIPES. (A) DIRECT
ACTING PISTON PUMP
• SQUEEZE PUMP THE BENDS IN THE PIPES CONVEYING CONCRETE FROM THE PUMP
SHOULD BE MINIMAL IN ORDER TO AVOID LOSSES. IN ADDITION, THESE SHOULD NOT BE
SHARP. EACH 10OBEND IS EQUIVALENT TO AN EXTRA LENGTH OF PIPE OF 1 M. THE PIPE
DIAMETER SHOULD BE AT LEAST 3 TIMES THE MAXIMUM AGGREGATE SIZE. LARGE
AGGREGATES CAN ESPECIALLY TEND TO GET BLOCKED NEAR THE BENDS. THE ECONOMY
OF PUMPING DEPENDS ON THE NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS. EACH TIME, THE PRIMING OF
THE PIPES USING MORTAR IS REQUIRED (0.25 M3/100 M OF 6 INCH PIPE), AND THE PIPE ALSO
HAS TO BE CLEANED. ALUMINIUM PIPES SHOULD BE AVOIDED, AS THE AL REACTS WITH
ALKALIS IN THE CEMENT, AND LEADS TO THE EVOLUTION OF HYDROGEN GAS. THESE
GASES TEND TO INTRODUCE VOIDS IN THE CONCRETE, WHICH REDUCE THE EFFICIENCY OF
PUMPING. PUMPING ENABLES CONCRETING OF INACCESSIBLE AREAS. MOREOVER, THE
DIRECT CONVEYANCE OF CONCRETE FROM THE TRUCK TO FORMWORK CAN AVOID DOUBLE
HANDLING OF THE CONCRETE.

CRITICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PUMPING CONCRETE

• CRITICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PUMPING CONCRETE CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF
CONCRETE ARE IMPORTANT FOR A SUCCESSFUL CONCRETE PUMPING OPERATION
• THE CONCRETE MIXTURE SHOULD NEITHER BE TOO DRY, NOR TOO WET FOR EASY
MOVEMENT THROUGH THE SYSTEM.
• FRICTION IS A MAJOR CONSIDERATION IN PUMPING AND AN ADEQUATE AMOUNT OF WATER
IS REQUIRED. PRESENCE OF A MOTAR FILM AT THE WALLS OF PIPES ALSO ENHANCES
LUBRICATION.
• A HIGHER PERCENTAGE OF CEMENT IS BENEFICIAL FOR CONCRETE PUMPING.
• THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF AGGREGATE AS WELL AS PRESENCE OF AIR IN THE MIXTURE
INTERFERES WITH EFFECTIVE PUMPING OF THE MIXTURE. TOO MUCH AIR COULD
RESTRICT PUMPING.
CONCLUSION
• WITH THE INVENT OF COMPACTING EQUIPMENTS AND CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY, A LOT OF
WORK CAN BE DONE IN A SHORT SPAN OF TIME WITH ECONOMY.
• WORKING MAN HOURS AND QUANTUM OF WORK ARE INCREASED. • GOOD QUALITY OF WORK
CAN BE MAINTAINED.
• SAVING IN PROJECT COMPLETION TIME AND COST OF PROJECT.
• EASY TRANSPORTATION OF MATERIAL FROM DISTANT LOCATIONS
• BETTER RIDE QUALITY OF EMBANKMENT CAN BE ACHIEVED.
• DIFFERENT MATERIALS CAN BE BLENDED/MIXED TO FIND A SUITABLE MATERIAL FOR
EARTHWORK.
• TYPICAL TASKS CAN BE PERFORMED WHICH ARE TOUGH FOR MANUAL LABOR.
MARKET SURVEY
TYPES OF COMPANY NAME RENTING PRICE CAPACITY IN MARKET PRICE
CONCRETE MIXER IN RUPEESE IN RUPEESE
RMC PUMP TATA M25=6500/DAY 50LAKHS-60LAKHS
M30=7200/DAY
M10=6000/DAY
OPERATOR 15000/MONTH
DISIEL 60/LIT.
DRUM MIXER GAMZEN 300-500/DAY 10/7CUBIC.FT. 80000
GEN-X MODEL 2.5LAKHS
VERTICAL MIXER SSTP 1000-2000KG 1.5 LAKH/PIECE
BATCHING PLANT BRICK VISION 30CUBIC 220000-
GAMZEN MT./HOUR 4900000LK
26LAKHS
35LAKH
IN-TRANSIT MIXER UNIVERSAL 4000/DAY 6.5-7.5/PIECE
60-70LAKHS
/TRUCK