Basics of

Communication
Introduction to
Communication

Unit I
Structure of the Unit
 Learning Objectives
This unit will help you in:
•Understanding the concept of Communication
•Defining Communication
•Understanding the significance of Business
Communication
•Understanding the Managerial Implications of
Communication
 What is Communication?
• Learning built over time
• Storytelling
• To communicate effectively you must depend on 3 Ps
prepare,
practice and
persistence
 Meaning
• Composition of symbols, gestures and illustrations that
accompany either the spoken or the written word leads
to effective communication
• The root of the word “communication” in
Latin is communicare, which means to share, or to
make common
• When we are studying communication, the focus is
upon the relationship that involves interaction between
the participants
Definition
• Communication is defined as the process of
understanding and sharing meaning (Pearson &
Nelson, 2000)
Keywords in definition:
Process
Understanding
Sharing
Meaning
Elements of Communication
1. Sender/ encoder/ speaker
2. Receiver/ decoder/ listener
3. Message
4. Medium
5. Feedback
 Significance of Business
Communication
• Employee engagement: technology can be of great help
in communicating with the employees and their
subsequent engagement.
• Increase in productivity: encourage and value the ideas
and suggestions of the employees
• Relationship building: Exchanging ideas, interactions
and expression of human emotion between people
If there is no communication?
If communication does not take place in the organisation
the organisation can witness following fallacies:
•No effort towards realisation of those goals
•Ambiguity about the roles and responsibilities
•Lack of competency and skills
•Employees will not understand and recognise the
competitors’ activities
 Media in Communication
• World has become ‘global village’
• The modern media includes:
 Electronic devices like mobile or fax machines
 Emails
 Internet
 Intranet
 Extranet
 Video conferencing
 Social Networks
 Blogs
 Cloud computing
 Managerial Implications
• At different levels and functions, different
type of communication and information
systems are required so that the
organisation can be effectively managed
• Inclusion of the diversified groups
Role of communication in
organisations

• Imperative to the functioning of the

organisation
• Smooth working of the organisation
• Basis of managerial function and
effectiveness
Strategy of Communication
• The strategy of all communication should be to reach to
the target audiences
 Who: the targeted group
 What: specific information
 When: right timing
 How: How the message will be translated, where do we
convey the message, the choice of
 Who: Who should communicate with whom
 Why: Why the communication is important
 Summary
• Communication is derived from Latin word ‘communicare’
• There are various elements of communication like
Sender, Receiver, Message, Medium and Feedback
• Communication significantly contributes in employee
engagement, increasing productivity and relationship
building
• Modern media for communication includes video
conferencing, blogs, cloud computing etc
• In organizations, communication is the basis of
managerial function and effectiveness.
Forms and Types of
Communication
Unit II
Structure of the Unit
2.1 Forms of Communication
2.1.1 Intrapersonal communication
2.1.2 Dyadic communication
2.1.3 Small group communication
2.1.4 Public communication
2.1.5 Mass communication
2.2 Stages of Communication
2.3 Types of Communication & their Advantages and limitations
2.3.1 On the basis of direction of communication
2.3.2 On the basis of expression
2.3.3 On the basis of organisational structure
Structure of the Unit
2.4 Barriers to Communication
2.4.1 Sender Oriented
2.4.2 Receiver Oriented
2.5 Technology in Communication
2.5.1 Audio Communication
2.5.2 Video Communication
2.5.3 Online Communication
 Learning Objectives
This Unit will help you to:
•Understand the different forms of Communication
•Suggest different types of Communication
•Understand the barriers to Communication
•Appreciate the role of technology in Communication
Forms of communication
• Intrapersonal communication
• Dyadic communication
• Small group communication
• Public communication
• Mass communication
 Stages of communication
• Awareness
• Knowledge
• Liking
• Preference
• Conviction
• Purpose
 Types of Communication
• On the basis of direction of communication
 Downward
 Upward
 Horizontal or Lateral communication
• On the basis of expression
 Oral
 Written
 Nonverbal
• On the basis of organisational structure
 Formal
 Informal
 Grapevine
Types of Grapevine
 Barriers to Communication
Sender Oriented
Badly expressed message
Transmission loss
Semantic issues
Over/ Under communication
Prejudices
 Barriers to Communication
Receiver Oriented
Poor retention
Inattentive listening
Being evaluative
Interests and attitudes
Conflicting information
Different status and position
Resistance to change
Refutation and arguments
 Technology in Communication
Three types of Technological platforms that is generally
used to communicate:
•Audio communication
•Video communication
•Online communication
Choosing the platform
 Summary
• The message can be transmitted through various forms
of communication like intrapersonal, dyadic, small
group, public and mass media
• Communication can be broadly divided into various
types based on: direction of communication;
expression; and organisational structure
• Barriers to the communication can be either sender or
receiver oriented
• Technological platforms on the basis of requirement are
audio, video or online communication