What’s

What’s the
the connection
connection
between
between
Indiana
Indiana Jones
Jones
and
and
Scouting?
Scouting?
 What
What are
are
YMCA
YMCA Scouts?
Scouts?
Are
Are there
there gays
gays in
in Scouting?
Scouting?
 Is
Is APO
APO aa fraternity
fraternity
of
of Boy
Boy and
and Girl
Girl Scouts?
Scouts?
Are
Are Boy
Boy &
& Girl
Girl Scouting
Scouting necessary?
necessary?
f
Scouting
and
outdoor
education
An Introduction
for Adult Groups

Sam Salter
 OBJECTIVES
By the end of the session,
participants shall be able to:
• provide a basic definition of Scouting
f
as a system of education.
• provide a simple overview description
of Scouting structures and organization.
• as a group, make an informed decision
if they would be willing and able to run
an outdoor education program for youth
using the Scouting program.
 What is Scouting?

f
Scouting is a system of
nonformal
character education
and citizenship training
for young people,
using outdoor activities.
What is Scouting?

“a voluntary, non-political,
educational movement
for young people,
open to all without distinction
of origin, race, or creed,
in accordance with the purpose,
principles and method
conceived by the Founder”
– WOSM, 1992
 What is the purpose of Scouting?

By the end of the course,

the young person must have
the will (character) and ability (skill)
to act only for the betterment
of him/herself, other people,
the community, the country,
and the world and its creatures.
 What is the purpose of Scouting?

“to contribute to the development of

young people in achieving their full
physical, intellectual, social, and spiritual
potentials as individuals, as responsible
citizens and as members of their local,
national and international communities”
– WOSM, 1992
 BSP Vision
To be the leading provider of progressive
outdoor-based non-formal education
committed to develop morally straight,
disciplined, concerned, self-reliant citizens in
the best tradition of World Scouting.

BSP Mission
To inculcate in our Scouts and Scouters
love of God, country and fellowmen;
To prepare the youth
for responsible leadership;
To contribute to nation-building according to
the ideals, principles and program of Scouting.
 GSP Mission
To help girls and young women realize
the ideals of womanhood and prepare
themselves for the responsibilities
in the home, the nation
and the world community.

GSP Vision
The Filipino girl and young woman who are
progressive, dynamic, pro-active,
patriotic and God-loving.
 Who started Scouting?
The “Founder” of the Scout Movement was
Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell.
In 1929 he received the title
Baron Baden-Powell of Gilwell,
and hence was addressed as
“Lord Baden-Powell.”
The Scout Scheme was not entirely
original. BP’s ideas were influenced
by several authors and youth leaders,
especially Ernest Thompson Seton.
When did Scouting “start”?
The Scout Movement
was “born” in August 1907
when Baden-Powell
conducted an experimental
camp with 21+1 boys
on Brownsea Island
in Dorset, England, UK.
 What was Baden-Powell’s background?
Baden-Powell was born 1857 in England
and died 1941 in Kenya.
He was an amateur actor, painter,
intelligence officer, and career cavalry officer.
He was a lieutenant general
on active duty in the British Army
at the time of the Brownsea Island camp.
His father was a clergyman and professor of
mathematics at the University of Oxford.
 Most importantly, Baden-Powell
was a specialist in woodcraft, tracking,
scouting and reconnaissance.
As an outdoorsman and military scout,
his main teachers were master scouts
Frederick Burnham and Frederick Selous,
(who were the original inspiration for
the fictional character of Indiana Jones).
As a youth leader, Baden-Powell’s main
source of ideas was Ernest Thompson Seton.
Seton’s Birch-Bark Roll and Two Little Savages,
the catalyst and the major source
for Baden-Powell’s Scouting for Boys
 The detailed story of
the conflicts between
Baden-Powell,
Ernest Thompson Seton,
Daniel Carter Beard,
and James Edward West
is narrated in
The Scouting Party
by
David Scott
and
Brendan Murphy
2010
When did Scouting start in the Philippines?

In the official Handbook for Boys of the Boy Scouts of America,

First Edition, August 1911, page 354 [page 222 of PDF copy],
in a letter from BSA Honorary Vice President
Theodore Roosevelt to BSA Executive Secretary James West,
dated July 20, 1911, Roosevelt mentions receiving a letter
from Scoutmaster Elwood Brown about the work of
“boy scouts of the Philippines” in rendering assistance
during a big fire that hit Manila and
in serving at the ten-day annual Manila Carnival.
This was the first time that the phrase “boy scouts
of the Philippines” was ever mentioned.
This letter proves beyond doubt that there were
Boy Scouts in the Philippines as early as 1910!
 “What these boy scouts of the
Philippines have just done,
I think our boy scouts
in every town and country district
should train themselves
to be able to do.”

Theodore Roosevelt, 1911

Honorary Vice President, BSA
(President of the USA, 1901–09)
 Download pdf copy from
www.preachersjournal.org/outdoors/
 During his world tour in 1912, BP sent back articles for
publication in The Scout.
In issue no. 224, in the article “In the Cannibal Islands,” he
made a brief narration about Philippine history and culture
and his trip to Manila, illustrated with his own drawings. He
mentioned “Boy Scouts of the Philippines” and that he was
met by a “Guard of Honour.”
He also quoted from Roosevelt’s letter about the Manila
fire and the Manila carnival in which Scouts rendered
valuable service.
In the article, BP urged readers “to get into
correspondence with your brother Scouts in Manila… The
Chief Scoutmaster is Mr. Elwood Brown, Y.M.C.A., Manila.”
 1910

Elwood Stanley Brown

(1883-1924)
First Scoutmaster of the Philippines
PHYSICAL DIRECTOR, YMCA MANILA
INTRODUCED BASKETBALL, VOLLEYBALL, & BOY SCOUTING
IN THE PHILIPPINES
 The YMCA was a strong
supporter in the early years of
Boy Scouting in the UK,
the USA, and the Philippines.
 In 1923 the Manila Council
of the Boy Scouts of America
was organised
at the initiative of the
Rotary Club of Manila.
On 31 October 1936, Commonwealth
President Manuel Quezon signed the
legislative bill which became
Commonwealth Act 111, establishing
the Boy Scouts of the Philippines.
On 31 December 1937, the B.S.A.
Philippine Council under Joseph Stevenot
turned over its assets and duties
to the Boy Scouts of the Philippines.
On 1 January 1938, the
Boy Scouts of the Philippines
organization was inaugurated
at the Legislative Building,
Padre Burgos, Ermita, Manila,
led by Joseph Emile Hamilton Stevenot.
 In 1940,
the Girl Scouts
of the Philippines
organization
was founded by
Josefa Llanes Escoda
with the support of
Joseph E. H. Stevenot,
Vicente Podico Lim and
Pilar Hidalgo Lim.
 What distinguishes Scouting
from other systems of education?

The Scout Method includes the following essentials:

• A voluntary code of conduct.
• A program of activities involving outdoor adventure,
to entice the young person to take training.
• A program of activities focused on
experience, challenge, initiative, and team effort.
• A system of team organization.
• A program of progressive achievement.
• Recognition (uniforms, badges, awards, ceremonies).
• An ethic of social service.
• An ethic of kapatiran (brotherhood)
in the community, the nation, and the world.
 Who implements Scouting?

Technically, any association, institution,

organization, society, company, church, club,
fraternity, or local government unit
is allowed and encouraged
to sponsor one or more Scout units.
In actual practice, BSP and GSP units
are sponsored by schools only.
 Who implements Scouting?

In the Boy Scouts of America,

the largest sponsor is the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Top 10 Chartered Organizations with the Boy Scouts of America

Organization Total Units Total Youth

Latter-day Saints 37,928 412,720
United Methodist Church 11,287 371,499
Catholic Church 8795 286,733
Parent-teacher groups (other than PTAs) 4039 160,007
Presbyterian Church 3714 126,969
Lutheranism 4030 121,096
Groups of Citizens 3782 110,248
Baptists 4282 108,435
Private schools 2975 97,869
PTAs 1775 72,321
 The BSA has
some 2000
Explorer units
sponsored
by law
enforcement
agencies.
Fire Service Exploring, BSA
 In practice, Philippine Scouting is
implemented by adult unit leaders
(almost all of whom are school teachers),
and volunteers and employees
at local levels.
These are supervised by
employees at the national level.
In formal education, we need:
• teachers who were
• trained,
• facilities & materials,
• and continuous guidance,
monitoring, and support.

in the same way

 How can Scouting be well implemented?
To implement the Scouting program,
a sponsoring institution must provide:
1. adult unit leaders
2. training opportunities for adult unit leaders
3. materials and outdoor equipment
for the unit/s
4. moral and material guidance, advice,
monitoring, and support for
adult unit leaders
5. Merit Badge Counselors
 Adults assisting at youth
outings involving water
activities must know and use
a safe swim defense system.
 Can parents join Scout activities?

Although in the B.S.A.

(the original pattern for Philippine Scouting),
parents are very active in
organizing and conducting
rallies, hikes, campouts,
and other Scout activities,
in the Philippines, parents as a rule,
do not join Scout activities.
… Why?

The B.S.A. is community-based: parents,

community leaders, pastors, professionals,
businessmen, civil servants, etc. cooperate
to provide programs for youth.
The B.S.P. and the G.S.P. are school-based:
virtually all units are organised by teachers
or school employees.
 Who is the leader of Scouting?

In theory, the BSP hierarchy is as follows:

The Chief Scout (President of RP)
The National Council
The National President
The National Executive Board
The Secretary General
Who is the leader of Scouting?

In practice, the Secretary General

holds the reins of the organization.
 The honorary head of the GSP is either
the President of the Philippines
(if female), or the First Lady
(if the President is male),
called the Chief Girl Scout.

Marcos, Aquino, Ramos, Estrada, Arroyo,

and Aquino were all Chief Scouts.
But only Cory and Gloria
were also Chief Girl Scouts.
 Is a Scouting background
required of a B.S.P. employee?

No. Many B.S.P. employees

do not have a Scouting background.
Most of the B.S.P.’s national officials and
employees have not been unit leaders.
 Is Scouting religious?

Scouting in the Philippines

is religious, but nonsectarian.
The B.S.P. and the G.S.P.
encourage religious duties
as a part of youth education,
but do not prescribe or proscribe
any particular faith.
Note:
• Prayers at Scout activities should be generic
and non-sectarian.
• Jehovah’s Witnesses do not salute the flag,
sing the national anthem, or recite the
Pledge of Allegiance. Hence, they cannot be
soldiers, police, Scouts, or Scouters.
• There are officially sectarian Jewish,
Christian, and Muslim Scout associations
in other countries.
Because of this, there are many countries
with more than one Scout association.
Is there any prohibition in Scouting?
Is there any prohibition in Scouting?

• Due to lack of equipment in many Scout units

in the Philippines, it is not uncommon that
Scouts and Scouters (adult leaders) share tents
at campouts. In First World countries,
this is not allowed.
Is there any prohibition in Scouting?

• Due to lack of equipment in many Scout units

in the Philippines, it is not uncommon that
Scouts and Scouters share tents at campouts.
In First World countries, this is not allowed.
• Adults who abuse illegal substances,
or have a record of child abuse,
should not handle minors.
In First World countries, Scout associations
now disseminate strict guidelines
for sponsoring institutions
in the recruitment of adults into the service.
Is there any prohibition in Scouting?

• Due to lack of equipment in many Scout units

in the Philippines, it is not uncommon that
Scouts and Scouters share tents at campouts.
In First World countries, this is not allowed.
• Adults who abuse illegal substances,
or have a record of child abuse,
should not handle minors.
• Hazing (the deliberate infliction of pain,
suffering, or humiliation as a rite of passage)
is dangerous and illegal in the Philippines.
Is there any prohibition in Scouting?
• Due to lack of equipment in many Scout units
in the Philippines, it is not uncommon that
Scouts and Scouters share tents at campouts.
In First World countries, this is not allowed.
• Adults who abuse illegal substances,
or have a record of child abuse,
should not handle minors.
• Hazing is illegal in the Philippines.
• In the BSA, tobacco and alcohol have
no place in any event involving Scouts.
“Scouters shall be physically and
mentally ready at all times, day and
night, to deal with contingencies.
Participants shall avoid actions and
substances which may diminish their
physical and mental ability to act
efficiently during emergencies.”
Samuel Salter
Health, Safety, and Sanitation Guidelines
2004 National Scout Jamboree
 Is Scouting co-ed?

Yes, Scouting is co-ed

in most countries,
but not in Islamic countries,
the USA, and
the Philippines.
In Muslim countries, the USA and
the Philippines, males and females
generally do not mix ... except:
• girls in the Venturer (13–21)
and the Learning-for-Life (K–12)
programs of the BSA.
• girls in the Rover program of the BSP.
• many women Scouters and employees
in the BSA and the BSP.
• a very few male volunteers and
employees in the GSUSA and the GSP.
• “transgender” boys in the GSUSA.
Can Philippine Scouting ever go fully co-ed?
No
Can Philippine Scouting ever go fully co-ed?
No, because:

• Unlike in other countries, the names of

the two Philippine Scouting associations
are tightly tied to sex.
Can Philippine Scouting ever go fully co-ed?
No, because:

• Unlike in other countries, the names of

the two Philippine Scouting associations
are tightly tied to sex.
• These names cannot be changed –
due to legal impediments.
Can Philippine Scouting ever go fully co-ed?
No, because:

• Unlike in other countries, the names of

the two Philippine Scouting associations
are tightly tied to sex.
• These names cannot be changed –
due to legal impediments.
• The BSP cannot overcome the
general mindset in the Philippines
that Scouting is sex-exclusive.
Can Philippine Scouting ever go fully co-ed?
No, because:
• Unlike in other countries, the names of
the two Philippine Scouting associations
are tightly tied to sex.
• These names cannot be changed –
due to legal impediments.
• The BSP cannot overcome the general mindset
in the Philippines that Scouting is sex-exclusive.
• The G.S.P. strongly opposes
the B.S.P. allowing girls
to avail of B.S.P. programs and training.
 Are atheists allowed in Scouting?
Technically, no.
The Scout Oath and the Girl Scout
Promise include the duty to God.
However, in practice, adherents of the
non-theistic religion of Buddhism
are allowed membership
and participation
in the Scout Movement.
Is homosexuality allowed in Scouting?

Yes. The Scout Association, GSUSA, BSP,

Scouts Canada, Scouts Australia,
and most European associations
do not exclude homosexuals
from membership.
 The Fellowship of Lesbians and Gays
in Scouting (FLAGS)
was started by British homosexuals
on Facebook in 2008
and officially established in 2009.
“The objectives of FLAGS is simple,
we want people to know that
It’s ok to be Gay and be in Scouting
we want people to then
join Scouting in their local areas
and contribute to Scouting without fear
and continue that very important role.”
Is homosexuality allowed in Scouting?

Yes. Many homosexuals have been

youth and adult members of the BSP.
Some became outstanding
Scouts and Scouters.
Forgotten Scouts, an organization
of homosexual former Boy Scouts,
was founded in the USA by
Ken McPherson, Allan Shore,
and William Mueller.
[William Mueller (1942-1993) was a grandson
of B.S.A. founder William Boyce.]
In recent decades, the BSA
has been criticised, condemned,
and sued for excluding girls,
homosexuals, atheists, and
agnostics from membership.
There are many gay, atheist,
and civil rights organizations
campaigning to compel the BSA
to change its policies.
The BSP and GSP have not had
these problems.
 Scouting for All
is an advocacy organization
whose mission is
“to influence the Boy Scouts of
America (BSA) to serve and include
as participating members
ALL youth and adult leaders,
regardless of their spiritual belief,
gender, or sexual orientation.”
 Because of the GSUSA’s liberal policies
towards religious belief,
planned parenthood, and sexuality,
social conservatives founded in 1995
the American Heritage Girls,
a Christian organization which implicitly
excludes homosexuals from membership.
In 2009, the BSA and the AHG created a
Memorandum of Mutual Support.
 In summary, the BSA and GSUSA are both
under attack – for opposite reasons!
While the BSA is often seen as
rightist and conservative,
the GSUSA has been viewed
as liberal and permissive!

The BSP and GSP have not had these problems.

 The BSA has also been sued
in cases of child molestation
committed by adults.
These have been documented
in the book
Scout’s Honor: Sexual Abuse
in America’s Most Trusted Institution
by Patrick Boyle, 1995.

The BSP and GSP have not had

such a problem.
 The New York Times
November 17, 1987

An executive with the New York Council of the Boy

Scouts of America was arrested yesterday on charges of
sexually abusing an 11-year-old Scout over a two-year
period, the police said. The official, James Vila, 39 years
old, of Annandale, N.J., was accused of threatening and
fondling the Scout at Public School 155 at 319 East 117th
Street in Manhattan. A Boy Scouts official, Lyle
Antonides, said Mr. Vila was suspended without pay. Mr.
Vila has worked for the Scouts for more than five years,
Mr. Antonides said, and he is primarily responsible for
recruiting and training adult leaders.
 The New York Times
October 22, 1988

A former Southington Boy Scout leader has been sentenced

to five years in prison for sexually molesting members of his
troop. The ex-scoutmaster, David A. Bishop, was sentenced
Thursday by Judge Salvatore F. Arena of State Superior
Court. “I realize I made a mistake,” Mr. Bishop said. “My
mistake affects many people.” Mr. Bishop, 37 years old,
scoutmaster of a Boy Scout troop from 1985 until his
dismissal in February, pleaded guilty to seven counts of
second-degree sexual assault and five counts of risk of injury
to a minor. He was accused of engaging in various sex acts
with three scouts, ages 13 and 14, at his home, during
outings and at camps.
 The New York Times
August 24, 2002

A former Boy Scout troop leader who pleaded guilty in May to multiple
counts of sodomy after admitting that he molested a boy in his troop on a
regular basis was sentenced to 2 2/3 to 8 years in state prison yesterday.
The man, Jerrold Schwartz, acknowledged that he had engaged in sexual
intercourse on many occasions with the teenage boy in 1996 and 1997.
The victim, who is now 20, cried at the sentencing in State Supreme
Court in Manhattan, and said, “I have been punishing myself for the acts
Jerrold Schwartz forced on me.” He also said that he felt “evil and
tainted” and had made several attempts to commit suicide. The
Manhattan district attorney, Robert M. Morgenthau, said in a statement
that Mr. Schwartz’s behavior was “particularly reprehensible.” “He held
a position of trust and responsibility,” he added, “and he used it to harm
the young people he should have protected.”
 The New York Times
June 13, 2006

The former leader of a Long Island Boy Scout troop

was sentenced yesterday to 20 years in prison for
sexually abusing two 13-year-old Scouts, said Richard
A. Brown, the Queens district attorney. The former
scoutmaster, Ronald E. Occhipinti, 46, of Bayside,
pleaded guilty in May to abuse charges and was
sentenced in State Supreme Court by Acting Justice
Pauline A. Mullings. Mr. Brown said that Mr.
Occhipinti, the leader of Troop 183 in Great Neck,
abused the boys at his home and at a church in Little
Neck where the troop held its weekly meetings.
 The New York Times
April 14, 2010

Portland jurors on Tuesday found the Boy Scouts of

America negligent and awarded $1.4 million to a
former Portland man who was abused by an assistant
scoutmaster in the early 1980s. The organization
denied it had been negligent... Lawyers for Kerry
Lewis, 38, who filed the lawsuit, argued that the
Scouts were reckless for allowing a former assistant
scoutmaster, Timur Dykes, to associate with the
victim’s Scout troop after Mr. Dykes acknowledged in
1983 that he had molested 17 scouts.
 The New York Times
April 23, 2010

In Multnomah County Circuit Court on Friday, a jury

found the Scouts liable for $18.5 million in punitive
damages in a case brought by a man who was sexually
abused by an assistant troop leader in the early 1980s,
when the man was about 12. The verdict was by far the
largest ever against the Scouts in a jury trial. The same
jury last week awarded the man, Kerry Lewis, $1.4
million in compensatory damages.

Most abuse cases involving the Scouts have ended in

private settlements, and it is unknown how much the
group has paid to victims.
 The New York Times
September 1, 2010

The Boy Scouts of America have reached a financial

settlement with six men who say they were sexually
abused when they were members of the same troop in
Oregon in the 1980s.
The settlement, whose terms were not disclosed, was
reached last week and announced Wednesday by the
plaintiff’s lawyers.
 “The Boy Scouts are a magnet
for men who want to have
sexual relations with children...
Pedophiles join the Scouts
for a simple reason:
it’s where the boys are.”

The Washington Times

May 1991
 In the 1980s,
the BSA installed its
Youth Protection Program
and policies to prevent
child abuse.
These policies also help
protect adults from false
accusations of abuse.
The Youth Protection Page
of the BSA website
publishes useful
information and guidelines
for Scouting organizers.

www.scouting.org/training/
youthprotection.aspx
Further Reading

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
scouting_sex_abuse_cases
What is the connection between
the Alpha Phi Omega fraternity
and Scouting?
In the USA, Alpha Phi Omega
is known for its
close relationship with the BSA
and Camp Fire Girls.
Many APhiO members are
former Boy Scouts
or are actively involved in the BSA.
In the Philippines,
APO Philippines
has very minimal
connections
with the BSP.
Most APO Philippines members
are not concerned with Scouting.
The APO Philippines offshoot
Scouts Royale Brotherhood (SRB)
has no connection at all with the BSP.
 Alpha Phi Omega has
367 active chapters in the USA,
343 inactive chapters in the USA,
250 chapters in the Philippines,
and 1 chapter in Australia.
 Jejomar Cabauatan Binay
President of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines,
and Chairman of the Asia-Pacific Region,
World Organization of the Scout Movement,
has been a member of both the
Order of DeMolay and Alpha Phi Omega.
APO Philippines Charter Members

Librado Inocencio Ureta (FEU) – National President

Ignacio J. Sevilla, Sr. (NU) – National First Vice President
Romeo Y. Atienza (NU) – National Second Vice President
Guillermo R. Padolina (NU) – National Third Vice President
Godofredo P. Neric (FEU) – National Secretary
Leonardo R. Osorio Jr. (BSP) – National Treasurer
Ralph G. Hawkins (NU) – National Editor and Historian
Alfredo de los Reyes (NU) – National Director of Relationship
Lamberto T. Dominguez (BSP) – NEB Member
Bonifacio Vitan Lazcano (BSP) – NEB Member
Max M. Velasco (NU) – NEB Member
BSP officers who were APO members

Librado Inocencio Ureta

Godofredo P. Neric
Bonifacio V. Lazcano
Maximino J. Edralin, Jr.
Gonzalo O. Catan, Jr.
Jejomar Cabauatan Binay
Roberto Mamangon Pagdanganan
 Are Scout associations public
or private organizations?
In general, Scout associations
are private non-profit charities.
However, the B.S.P. association stands
between being public or private.
In practice, it is a private
independent organization.
However, its articles of incorporation can only
be amended by the Philippine Legislature and
approved by the President of the Philippines.
 How many leaders
should there be in a unit?
A standard Boy Scout Troop
would have a minimum of 3 adults
for a maximum of 35 boys.
However, if an event involves swimming
or water sports, it is advisable
to have more adults participating
to increase the level of safety.
 A child can drown
in a kiddie pool!
Adults assisting at youth
outings involving water
activities must know and use
a safe swim defense system!
 Boy Scouts of America
Guide to Safe Scouting

www.scouting.org/
healthandsafety/gss.aspx
 Scouts Canada
Youth Protection

www.scouts.ca/
sites/default/files/
 What are Eagle Scouts?

Eagle Scout is the highest achievement

a Boy Scout can attain
in the BSA and the BSP.

The first Eagle Scout was

Arthur Rose Eldred (1895-1951) of Troop 1,
Rockville Center, Oceanside, Long Island, New York (1912).
The 1 millionth Eagle Scout of the BSA is
Alexander Holsinger (1982).
The 2 millionth Eagle Scout of the BSA is
Anthony Thomas (2009).
 What’s the advantage
of using BSP or GSP programs?

The sponsoring institution would have

a ready set program
which it can implement
without “reinventing the telephone.”
 What’s the disadvantage
of using BSP or GSP programs?

The sponsoring institution

would be subject to
BSP/GSP standards and regulations.
 Does an institution need to use
BSP/GSP programs
in implementing
adventure/outdoor education?
No.
Many institutions in the USA
implement their own
outdoor/adventure education
programs without Boy/Girl Scouting.
By implementing
outdoor ed
independent of
Scout associations,
an institution
can avoid the
requirements,
limitations,
directives, and
expenses of the
Scout associations, and can freely mold
and modify its own outdoor ed program
as it chooses.
 Are Scout associations
the only implementers
of outdoor education?
No. There have been dozens
of outdoor ed programs
and organizations
in other countries.
Boys’ Brigades
Duke of Edinburgh Award
Outward Bound
Woodcraft Folk
Adventure Scouts USA
Camp Fire
Junior Forest Wardens
National Outdoor Leadership School
Pathfinders
Pro-Action Associates
Project Adventure
Sacred Passage / The Way of Nature
Spiral Scouts
Tom Brown Tracker (Coyote Scouts)
Upward Bound
YMCA Adventure Guides
Coyote Scouts
 What, if any, is Scouting’s influence
on popular culture?
In the early decades of the 20th century,
U.S. writers authored dozens of novels
about Boy Scouts and Camp Fire Girls.
Movies with a Scouting theme:
The Little Boy Scout (1917)
Scotty of the Scouts (10 parts, 1926)
Drum Taps (1933)
Young Eagles (12 parts, 1934)
Tex Rides with the Boy Scouts
Scouts to the Rescue (12 parts, 1938)
Henry Aldrich, Boy Scout (1944)
Mr. Scoutmaster (1953)
Jamboree
Follow Me, Boys (1966)
Down and Derby
Scout Camp
Cecil B. DeMille
(The Ten Commandments;
Samson and Delilah)
started an epic film
about the Scout Movement,
but died
before finishing the project.
On My Honor, an epic film conceived and begun by
Cecil B. DeMille, was to document the founding of the
Scouting movement but was left unfinished because of
the legendary producer's untimely death in January
1959. In the screenplay started by Jesse Lasky, Jr., the
film would have focused on Baden-Powell and the
Scouting pioneers who were a major influence on
Baden-Powell, including Burnham. Even after DeMille's
death, associate producer Henry Wilcoxon continued to
invest substantial work on the film until 1962, and
Sydney Box was hired to assist with the script. Starting
in 2001, producers Jerry Molen and Robert Starling
began work to finish DeMille's project, including an
updated screenplay by Starling based on the earlier
work of Lasky and Box.
The most famous TV show
with an outdoor theme is
Survivor.
 EVALUATING SURVIVOR AS
AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM:

• What is the paradigm of Survivor?

• What does Survivor teach its viewers?
• Does Survivor teach honesty, honor, ethics?
• Does it teach trust & trustworthiness?
• Does it teach courtesy, kindness, compassion?
• Does it teach respect & caring for Nature?
 Which of these paradigms does
Survivor tell its viewers?

 Go for your goal regardless of all

 Eliminate the best performer
 Cheat, lie, betray anyone
 The end justifies the means
 Cut-throat competition is the way
Can the Survivor paradigm
encourage community,
inspire nobility, and
set a good example?
Can the Survivor mindset
help our nation and
our world to survive?
 How is Scouting organised
internationally?
Scouting exists in most countries
(except Communist countries).
In 2008, the largest associations were
the Gerakan Pramuka,
the Boy Scouts of America,
the Bharat Scouts and Guides,
and the Boy Scouts of the Philippines.
Indonesia 17,100,000 Deutschland 250,000
USA 7,500,000 Uganda 230,000
Bharat 4,150,000 Italia 220,000
Pilipinas 2,150,000 Canada 220,000
Thailand 1,300,000 Nippon 200,000
Bangladesh 1,050,000 France 200,000
UK 1,000,000 Belgique 170,000
Pakistan 575,000 Polska 160,000
Kenya 480,000 Nigeria 160,000
Han Guk 270,000 Hong Kong 160,000
How is Scouting organised internationally?

Major international Scouting federations

in order of size from largest include:
• World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM)
• World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS)
• World Federation of Independent Scouts (WFIS)
• World Organization of Independent Scouts (WOIS)
• Union Internationale des Guides et Scouts d’Europe /
Fédération du Scoutisme Européen (UIGSE / FSE)
• Order of World Scouts (OWS)
• Confederation of European Scouts (CES)
• International Central Committee
of Vietnamese Scouting (ICCVS)
How is Scouting organised internationally?
The WOSM, based in Geneve, has a population of 31 million.
• The BSP is a member of the WOSM.
• The World Scout Conference is the highest law-making
body of the WOSM.
• The World Scout Committee executes the decisions
of the World Conference.
• The World Scout Bureau is the secretariat and implements
the directives of the World Committee.
• The World Bureau office for the Asia-Pacific Region
is located in Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines.

The World Scout Jamboree has been held (1959)

in the Philippines, but not the World Scout Conference
nor the World Scout Moot.
How is Scouting organised internationally?

The WAGGGS, based in London,

has member associations
in 145 countries,
with a population of 10 million.
The GSP is a member of the WAGGGS.
How is Scouting organised internationally?

The OWS, the oldest international Scout federation, was

founded 1911 and based in London. It lost members in 1912
due to financial problems, but was revived in 1991. Today it
has 22 member associations in 17 countries. It held its
centennial jamboree in Dorset in 2011.
The WFIS has 82 member associations in 41 countries, with an
estimated population of 200,000.
The UIGSE / FSE has 20 member associations in 17 European
countries and Canada with a population of 65,000.
The ICCVS connects Huong Dao Viet Nam groups in the USA,
Canada, France, Australia, and Germany.
OTHER SCOUT GROUPS
Modernization in The Scout Association, the Scouts de France,
The Girl Guides Association, and other associations has led to
the formation of many other international, national, and local
Scout groups which prefer traditional Scouting, such as:

Europa Scouts
Bund Europaischer Pfadfinder
FSE-Province d'Alsace
Baden-Powell Scouts Association
Confederation of European Scouts
British Scout Federation / Outlanders
British Pathfinder Scouts Association
Rover Scouts Explorer Association
BP Guild of Great Britain
The Sea Rangers Association
Does the Scout Movement
have relations with Freemasonry?
The Scout Movement has no formal or implied
relations with Freemasonry. However,
• Many Masons are involved in youth work and
Scouting.
• There are Mason-Scouter lodges in the UK,
Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and Hong Kong,
and there is the National Association
of Masonic Scouters in the USA.
• In the USA, there is a Daniel Carter Beard
Award for Masons who have actively
served the youth through Scouting.
 How can one get more information
about Scouting?
U.S. and British writers have
independently authored dozens of books
(fiction and nonfiction) about history,
skills, program, leadership, and unit
management of Boy Scouts,
Girl Scouts, and Girl Guides.
Many of these can be purchased
over the internet.
A few old books can be downloaded free.
Thoughts On Scouting:
ideas, insights and Paying Attention to Retention:
inspirations for a guide for keeping boys and
Scouters leaders in Scouting
Clarke Green David Weyrick
70 Scout books in 1 CD
What’s the truth behind the rumor that
Lord Baden-Powell was a homosexual?
There is no evidence that Lord
Baden-Powell was homosexual.
This rumor grew from
Tim Jeal’s conjecture in
his biography Baden-Powell,
in which Jeal used Freudian analysis
to conclude that BP was gay.
What is the state of the Scout movement?

 The Scout movement grew by unexpected

and unprecedented leaps and bounds in its
early decades, primarily due to the charisma of
the Founder and the novelty of the program.
 Growth plateaued after the Founder’s
lifetime.
 Decline set in around 1970.
At present, the largest associations
maintain their lead in membership
by different ways:
• The GP and BSG lead due to a
lack of alternatives in their
conservative social milieus.
• The BSA leads by progressive and
realistic program development.
• The BSP and GSP survive
through attachment to the
formal education system.
Global decline is due to
various factors, including:
 outdated programs & methods,
 competition from alternatives,
 changing social mores.
 In 1939 Germany & Russia
invaded Poland, and killed or captured
300,000 Polish soldiers
(while 100,000 Polish soldiers
escaped to other countries).
After this, the Polish Scouts & Guides
performed many vital social services,
and formed the Home Army which
fought the Germans for 63 days in 1944.
10,000 Scouts, Guides, and Scouters
died for Poland’s freedom.
 Is Scouting an effective system of
character education?
No wide-ranging rigorously-scientific
study has been conducted to track the
effects of Scouting programs on youth.
Anecdotal evidence, however,
points to the positive influence of
well-implemented Scouting programs
on people. Many leaders in
politics, industry, military, and academia
have had a Scouting education.
 …Are there exceptions?

There is always an exception to the rule.

Arthur Gary Bishop was an Eagle Scout
and Mormon missionary
in the Philippines
who was later accused of
multiple child sexual abuse
and was executed for multiple murder.
Excerpt from BP’s last message to Scouts

… the real way to get happiness is by

giving out happiness to other people.
Try to leave this world a little better than
you found it and when your turn comes to die,
you can die happy in feeling that at any rate
you have not wasted your time but have done
your best.
Excerpt from BP’s last message to Scouters and Guiders

…the hundreds of thousands of boys and girls who are

learning our ideals today will be the fathers and mothers of
millions in the near future, in whom they will in turn inculcate
the same ideals – provided that these are really and
unmistakably impressed upon them by the leaders of today.
Therefore you, who are Scouters and Guiders, are not only
doing a great work for your neighbor’s children, but are also
helping in practical fashion to bring to pass God’s Kingdom of
peace and goodwill upon earth. So, from my heart, I wish you
God-speed in your effort.
Every thought, wholesome and
unwholesome, is rooted in the
mind. If we would like our
nation to change for the better,
we need to start with
Right Views.
We begin by working on
our own paradigms first,
and then contributing to the
raising of the collective national
consciousness.
How can one get more information about Scouting?
1. There are many English-language websites
devoted to Scouting.
2. Read Baden-Powell’s Scouting for Boys
and Aids to Scoutmastership.
3. Talk with unit leaders.
4. Visit the local Scout council,
and read Scouting manuals.
5. Visit the BSP National Office
(Natividad Lopez St, Ermita District, Manila 1000)
or the GSP National Headquarters
(Padre Faura St, Paco District, Manila 1007).
 How can Scouting be well implemented?
To implement the Scouting program,
a sponsoring institution must provide:
1. adult unit leaders
2. training opportunities for adult unit leaders
3. materials and outdoor equipment
for the unit/s
4. moral and material guidance, advice,
monitoring, and support for
adult unit leaders
5.Merit Badge Counselors
6.A program of educational adventure
 Readings
 “Philippines” in “Oldest Scout Groups”
 “Philippines” in “List of Scouts”
 “Samuel Stagg”
 “William H. Quasha”
 “List of 20th-century outdoor
proponents and outdoor educators”
Salamat po.

Sam Salter
Hươu Cần Mẫn
(Hardworking Giraffe)