TYPES AND USES OF

PLUMBING
Presented by:
• Melvic Doldol Aberte
 1. SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM

• A SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM IS WHAT HELPS GET RID OF

WASTEWATER. THIS SYSTEM CONTAINS A SERIES OF PIPES THAT WERE
DESIGNED TO SPECIFICALLY DISPOSE OF WASTE. THIS WASTE COMES
FROM THINGS SUCH AS DOING THE LAUNDRY AND PUTTING FOOD DOWN
THE DRAIN. ONCE THE WASTE ENTERS THE PIPES, IT IS THEN
TRANSFERRED TO A LOCAL SEWER SYSTEM.
 TYPES OF SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

• Gravity system
• Low-pressure sewer system
• The vacuum sewage system
Gravity Systems
• Gravity sewerage systems are the
traditional method of sewage
disposal. These systems take
advantage of the natural slope of
the ground to collect wastewater,
take it away from the property
and allow it to flow to the
authority sewerage network. The
network system transports the
wastewater to the treatment
plant.
• Gravity systems are used in areas
where the water table is low, and
the land is not prone to flooding.
• While gravity systems are the
most common there are other
systems that you should be
aware of.
Low-pressure Sewer Systems

• Low-pressure sewer systems are

a low-head pressure wastewater
collection and treatment system.
They are an alternative to
gravity sewer systems or septic
tanks.
• A low-pressure sewer system
consists of an interceptor tank
and a chamber unit, which
houses a small, submersible
electrical pump. The tank is
installed below ground, much
like a septic tank. Substantial
organic waste treatment occurs
in the interceptor tank. The
liquid in the tank, or effluent, is
pumped automatically through
a small pressure line that
transports it to a wastewater
plant for treatment.
The Vacuum Sewage System

• The vacuum sewage system is

an alternative method to a
conventional gravity system. It is
generally used in areas that
feature water charged ground,
reclaimed ground, flat areas and
in seasonal areas such as
recreation areas and camping
sites.
• A vacuum system needs a
central vacuum station, with
vacuum pumps, collection
chamber, discharge pumps and
associated controls. The various
sewage fittings are each
connected to the system via a
vacuum valve.
• It operates on electricity, so it
requires an additional power
supply in case of a power failure.
 2. STORMWATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM

• YOU MAY HAVE NOTICED THOSE LITTLE HOLES ON THE SIDEWALK.

THOSE ARE KNOWN AS STORM DRAINS. THESE ARE USED TO CARRY
EXCESS WATER AWAY FROM A HOUSE. BACK IN THE DAY, THE WATER
THAT WENT DOWN A STORM DRAIN USED TO GO INTO A SANITARY
DRAINAGE SYSTEM. AND IN SOME AREAS, THEY STILL DO. THESE DAYS,
HOWEVER, RAINWATER IS SENT TO A STORM SEWER INSTEAD.
 5 EFFECTIVE TYPES OF STORMWATER
DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

• SLOT DRAINS
• OPEN STORM DRAINS
• CLOSED STORM DRAIN
• FRENCH DRAIN
• PERMEABLE PAVEMENT
• Slot drains are a recent innovation in
drainage technology. They utilize
long, thin drain slots that often run
the entire length of a room or area.
They are great for outdoor areas that
SLOT DRAINS
don’t require excessive drainage;
however, they tend to flood easily
when exposed to heavy rainfall.
• This issue makes slot drains one of
the least effective stormwater
drainage systems. Even with multiple
slot drains installed, outdoor areas
are very hard to manage with this
type of drain, because water quickly
overflows them.
• They can work effectively in light
rainstorms and situations where the
rate of precipitation isn’t very high.
They can also be driven and walked
on without issue and are rather easy
to clean when compared to other
types of drains.
• Open storm drains are drains that
usually run parallel to a nearby road
or parallel to the edge of a property. OPEN STORM DRAINS
They feature long, uncovered
channels to carry free-flowing
stormwater. These channels often
direct water into a local sewer system
where it can be treated and managed.
Open storm drains can be expensive
to set up but are usually cheap to
maintain once they’ve been installed.

• They are a great stormwater drainage

setup for those who aren’t too
incredibly concerned about looks and
want to collect surface water with
ease. Lots and paved areas can be
sloped towards open storm drains.
They are unsafe, though, and require
fencing to keep animals and people
from falling in. They can also smell
and may even decrease your property
value.
• Most of the stormwater
management systems you see
now are stormwater grates
that lead to a local,
CLOSED STORM DRAIN
underground sewer system.
Closed storm drain grates can
be found in the low areas of
parking lots, the trenches
near sidewalks, and other
areas where water
intentionally or
unintentionally tends to
collect. Though safer and less
unsightly than open storm
drains, they are difficult to
clean and labor-intensive to
install.
• If you want to prevent water from
pooling around the foundation of your
home or building, French drains are
the way to accomplish it. These types
of stormwater drains typically utilize
small grates located near the
foundation of a building. The grates
funnel the water into long pipes that
carry it away from the edge of the
building and into the street, or even
into a water retention basin.
FRENCH
• The best part about French drains is
DRAIN
that the long pipes they use are
almost always covered up with
aesthetically pleasing pebbles or
grass. They also make use of
intricate, beautiful grates as well.
French drains are great for draining
water that pools near the foundation
of a building but are not as effective
when it comes to draining surface
water over a broader area.
• Permeable pavement might sound like
more of a paving solution than a
stormwater drainage solution, but it’s
both. TRUEGRID PRO LITE and  PERMEABLE PAVEMENT
TRUEGRID PRO PLUS are both 100%
permeable and capable of effectively
draining water from even the most
intense rainstorms.

• You can use permeable pavement as a

replacement for regular asphalt and
concrete, making your entire parking lot
or paved area into one big storm drain.
The water filters through the gravel
trapped in the pavers and drains back
into the ground where it belongs. A
parking lot made from these pavers also
looks incredibly clean and professional.

• TRUEGRID permeable pavers require

almost no maintenance over a 60-year
lifespan and are the quickest to install
among all the drainage systems. They are
also incredibly durable and can handle
constant, heavy traffic without failing.
 3. POTABLE WATER SYSTEM

A potable water system, also named as water distribution system, is what enables people
to use drinkable water within a building. This system is comprised of various pipes that’s
connected to a single system. A valve can be located on this system, which is used to cut
off the water supply. Furthermore, there is also usually a meter that tells you how much
water is being used throughout the building.
The function of a water distribution system is to deliver water to all customers of the
system in sufficient quantity for potable drinking water and fire protection purposes, at
the appropriate pressure, with minimal loss, of safe and acceptable quality, and as
economically as possible.
End of my Report onto the next one
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