TẬP ĐOÀN DẦU KHÍ VIỆT NAM

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DẦU KHÍ VIỆT NAM

PRESENTATION
SEPARATOR

Group 3
Supervisor: Dr. Nguyễn Công Trình
 MEMBER
Trần Bảo Quốc

Trần Thị Thảo Nguyên

Cao Thế Quyền

Lê Hữu Phàm

Cao Trung Nguyễn

Nguyễn Thị Hồng Phúc

Hoàng Thị Phương

Đỗ Văn Sỹ

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 Introduction

Classification and Composition

Srinciple of operation

Separator design

Risks and Remedies

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 INTRODUCE

 Petroleum separator is a term used to refer to a pressure vessel

used to separate fluid obtained from oil wells into separate gas
and liquid phases.
Removes solid debris & other impurities
FUNCTION

Separate oil & water from gas

Separate water from oil

Phase stabilization

Create commercial products

 Classification and Structure

By operating configuration By function

Vertical separator Two phase operation

Horizontal separator Three phase operation

Sphere saparator

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 Classification and Structure

By operating pressure By application

Low-pressure
Test separator
from 10 to 225 psi

Medium-pressure Production separator

from 230 to 700 psi

Low-temperature separator
High-pressure
from 750 to 1500 psi
Metering separator

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 Three phase separator

 Advantages
Small foot print
Better solid handling ability
 Disadvantages
Lower area separation
Difficult to service

Figure 2.1. Composition of three phase vertical separator

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 Three phase separator
Advantages Disadvantages
• Large area of • Large foot print
separation
• High liquid removal
efficiency
• Higher liquid handling
operating range

Figure 2.2. Composition of three phase horizontal separator

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Srinciple of operation

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Srinciple of operation

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 Separator Design

1. Standards
2. Manufacture the shell of separator
3. Length of separator
4. The thickness of shell
5. Mass of separator and base
 Standards

 ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

 BS 5500 (British Standard Institution, BSI

Standards)
 CSA (Canadian Standards Association)
 France Standards (COADAP95 )
 Russia Standards ( GOST )
 Manufacture the shell of separator

 Based on the design drawings and calculated

dimensions
 Shell material: carbon steel plate
 Use suitable welding technology
 The parts inside the separator are made separately
 The economic factors and the cost of the separator
are first.
 Length of separator

 Vertical
   separator :
- Select K value based on design and operating conditions
- Calculate settling velocity :
Vt = Kv
- Calculate cross section :
XSA =
-Length of separator is calculated based on retention time
 Length of separator
 Horizontal
   separator ( L>3m)
 Select K value based on service and pressure
 Calculate settling velocity

 Calculate cross section based on retention time

Usually vessels up through 600 mm diameter have nominal
pipe dimensions while larger vessels are rolled from plate with
150 mm internal increments in diameter.
 Length of separator
 The thickness of shell

  Calculated according to the standard and depends

on the type of steel, design pressure, separator
diameter, welding technology ...
 The wall thickness of the cylindrical separator is
determined:
 Follow the ASME standard:
δ =+ C hoặc δ = + C (6.1)
 Follow the BS 5500 standard:
δ = + C hoặc δ = + C (6.2)
 The thickness of shell

SI system FPS system

δ - The thickness of the bottle mm In
P - Design pressure MPa (g) Psia
- The diameter in the separator mm
mm In
In
- The outside diameter of the mm
mm In
In
separator
S - Maximum allowable stress MPa psi
S - Maximum allowable stress MPa psi
C - Rate of abrasion
C - Rate of abrasion
E - Weld joint constant (Table )
E - Weld joint constant (Table )
Table . Weld joint constant E
Double welding method Simple welding method
Welded completely by X- 1.00 0.9
ray
Spot welding with X-rays 0.85 0.80
Normal welding 0.7 0.65
 The thickness of shell

 Mass of separator and base

Wb = Wv +Wt+Wph (6.3)
Wv = Kv Di δL (6.4)
Wv = (1,1÷1,2) Kv Di δL (6.4)
If L/ Di > 5
SI system FBS system
 Kv is constant 0.032 13.8
 L – is the height or length of the separator m ft
 HAZARD

 Create coke, residue

The accumulation of solids within a separator can
have a major impact on performance.
 Create foam
Some production fluids also have a tendency to
create foam and form a layer above the bulk oil layer,
which can impede the level controls.

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 HAZARD

 Overtreatment of chemicals can also have a serious

impact on the performance of separators. Chemicals
will alter the gas/liquid surface tension and/or the
viscosity of phases, which will impact separation
performance.

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 HAZARD

 Poor control and flow instability may also be cause

of upsets within a separation system.
 Explosion
It occurs due to excessive pressure
The input node of the whole separator, and putput
separator has a variable pressure that may exceed
the threshold value

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