SHRI RAM GROUP OF COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SUBJECT – QUANTITY ESTIMSTIOM AND CONSTRUCTION

MANAGEMENT (KCE 503)
 ESTIMATION – UNIT - I
Estimation is the scientific way of
working out the approximate cost of
an engineering project before
execution of the work.

 It is totally different from calculation of the

exact cost after completion of the project.
 Estimation requires a thorough Knowledge
of the construction procedures and cost
of materials & labour in addition to the
skill , experience, foresight and good
judgment.
 ESTIMATE
An estimate of the cost of a construction
job is the probable cost of that job as
computed from plans and specifications.

 For a good estimate the, actual cost of the

proposed work after completion should
not differ by more then 5 to 10 % from its
approximate cost estimate, provided
there are no unusual, unforeseen
circumstances.
 NEED FOR ESTIMATE
1.It help to work out the approximate cost of the
project in order to decide its feasibility with
respect to the cost and to ensure the financial
resources, if the proposal is approved.

2.Requirements of controlled materials, such as

cement and steel can be estimated for making
applications to the controlling authorities.

3.It is used for framing the tenders for the works

and to check contractor’s work during and after
the its execution for the purpose of making
payments to the contractor.

4.From quantities of different items of work

calculated in detailed estimation, resources are
allocated to different activities of the project and
ultimately their durations and whole planning and
scheduling of the project is carried out.
SITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COST
1 = Each type of work requires a different
method of construction. Construction may be of
an ordinary house or office and it may also be
of a Dam, Tunnel, Multistory building, Airport,
Bridge, or a Road, already in operation. Each of
these works requires totally different
construction techniques, type of machinery,
and formwork.

2 = Quality of labour and labour output varies in

different localities.

3 = Weather conditions greatly affect the output

and, hence, the overall cost.
SITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COST (-ctd-)

4.Ground conditions vary and change

the method of construction. For
example, excavation may be dry, wet,
hard, soft, shallow or deep requiring
different efforts.

5.The work may be in open ground such

as fields or it may be in congested
areas such as near or on the public
roads, necessitating extensive
watching, lightening, and controlling
efforts, etc.
SITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COST (-ctd-)

6.The source of availability of a

sufficient supply of materials of good
quality is also a factor.

7.The availability of construction

machinery also affects the method of
construction.

8.Access to the site must be

reasonable. If the access is poor,
temporary roads may be constructed.
 ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR
• In preparing an estimate, the Estimator must
have good knowledge regarding the important
rules of quantity surveying.

• He must thoroughly understand the drawings

of the structure, for which he is going to
prepare an estimate.

• He must also be clearly informed about the

specifications showing nature and classes of
works and the materials to be used because
the rates at which various types of works can
be executed depend upon its specifications.
ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR (-ctd-)
A good estimator of construction costs should possess the
following capabilities, also:-

1 = A knowledge of the details of construction work.

2 = Experience in construction work.

3 = Having information regarding the materials required,

machinery needed, overhead problems, and costs of all
kinds.

4 = Good judgment with regard to different localities,

different jobs and different workmen.
5 = Selection of a good method for preparing an
estimate.

6 = Ability to be careful, thorough, hard working and

accurate.

7 = Ability to collect, classify and evaluate data relating to

estimation.

8 = Ability to visualize all the steps during the process of

 ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR (-ctd-)
 Before preparing the estimate, the estimator should visit
the site and make a study of conditions, there. For
example, if the construction of a large building is
planned, the estimator or his representative should visit
the site and:

 Note the location of the proposed building.

 Get all data available regarding the soil.
 Make a sketch of the site showing all important details.
 Obtain information concerning light, power, and water.
 Secure information concerning banking facilities.
 Note conditions of streets leading to railway yards
to material dealers,
and
 and
Investigate general efficiency of local
workman.
 TYPES OF ESTIMATES

 There are two main types of estimates:-

1 = Rough cost estimate.
2 = Detailed estimate.

 Depending upon the purpose of estimate,

some types of detailed estimate are as
follows:-
a) Contractor's estimate
b) Engineer's estimate
c) Progress estimate
 I = Rough cost estimate

• Estimation of cost before construction from

plans or architectural drawings of the
project scheme, when even detailed or
structural design has not been carried out, is
called Rough cost estimate.

• These estimates are used for obtaining

Administrative Approval from the
concerning Authorities.

• Sometimes, on the basis of rough cost

estimates, a proposal may be
altogether.
dropped
 Rough cost estimate (-ctd-)
• Unit cost is worked out for projects similar to the project
under consideration carried out recently in nearly the same
site conditions.

• Unit cost means cost of execution of a unit quantity of the

work.
 Rough cost estimate (-ctd-)
• To find rough cost of any project, this worked
average unit cost is multiplied with total quantity
of the present work in the same units.

• For example, in case of a building, plinth area (sq.

ft.) of the proposed building is worked out, which
is then multiplied by the cost per unit area (Rs.
/ft2) of similar building actually constructed in the
near past in nearly the same site conditions, to
find out the rough cost estimate of the building.

• This cost is sometimes adjusted by the average

percentage rise in the cost of materials and
wages.
 Rough cost estimate
 The rough cost estimate may be prepared on the
following basis for different types of projects:

1.Cost per square foot of covered area (plinth area) is

the most commonly adopted criterion for preparing
rough cost estimate for most of the residential
buildings.

2.For public buildings, cost. Per person (cost per

capita) is used. For example,

Students hostel———————-—cost per student

Hospitals————————————Cost per bed

Hotel—————————————Cost per Guest

 Rough cost estimate (-ctd-)
3. Cost per cubic foot is particularly suitable for
commercial offices, shopping centers, and
factory buildings, etc.

4. For water tank/reservoir, cost may be worked out

on the basis of capacity in gallons of water
stored.

5. For roads and railways, cost may be

found out per mile/kilometer of
length.

6. For streets, cost may be per hundred feet/meters of

length.

7. In case of bridges, cost per foot/meter of clear

 EXAMPLE

 Calculate
the total rough cost

estimate and cost per Flat for

multi-storey (4-storeyed) a

consisting 40 block
flats.
residential
Other
of details are given in the table:
Sr. No PORTION AREA UNIT COST (Rs./sq.ft.)
(sq. ft)
Building Sanitory Electric Sui Gas
Works Works Services
Services

1 Main Flat Area

(i) Ground Floor 20030 1800 130 100 60

(ii) Ist Floor 20030 1500 130 100 60
(iii) 2nd Floor 20030 1650 130 100 60
(iv) 3rd Floor 20030 1800 130 100 60

2 Park Area at G. Floor 75,800 800 -------- 40 -------

3 Circulation Area in all 1936 1050 -------- 70 -------

4 floors

4 Covered Shopping 920 950 -------- 70 -------

Area at G. Floor

5 Attached Servant 2112 1150 55 70 40

Quarters
 Add the following costs as Lump Sum :
1- Road and Walkways =
15,00,000/- 2- Land Scapping =
12,00,000/-
3 External Sewerage = 7,00,000/-
4 External Water Supply, Overhead and
Underground Water Tanks with pumping
machinery for each set of Flats =
19,00,000/-
5External Electricity = 3,00,000/-
6- Boundary Wall = 6,00,000/-
7 Miscellaneous unforeseen items
=
8,00,000/-
8 Add 6 % development charges.
 EXAMPLE 2
 Prepare a Rough-cost Estimate of a residential building
project with a total plinth area of all building of 1500
sq.m. given that:
 linth Area Rate = Rs: 950.00 / sq. ft.
 Extra for special architectural treatment = 1.5 % of
the buiding cost.
 Extra for water supply and sanitary installations = 5 %
of the building cost.
 Extra for internal installations = 14 % of the buiding
cost
 Extra for Electric & Sui gas services = 16 % of buiding
cost
 Contigencies 3 %
 overall
Supervision charges = 8 %
 overall Design charges = 2%
overall
 EXAMPLE 3
 Prepare a Rough-cost Estimate based on unit costs
of per unit plinth area basis of a four storeyed
office building having a carpet area of 2000 sq.m.
for obtaining the administrative approval of the
Government. It may be assumed that 30 % of the
built up area will be taken by the corridors,
verandas, lavatories, staircase, etc. and 10 % of
built up area will be occupied by walls. The
following data is given:

 Plinth Area Rate = Rs: 1100.00 / sq. ft.

 Extra for special architectural treatment = 0.5 %
of the buiding cost.
 Extra for water supply and sanitary installations =
6 % of the building cost.
 Example 3
 Extra for internal installations = 14 % of the
buiding cost
 Extra for electric services = 12.5 % of buiding
cost
 Extra for sui gas services = 6 % of buiding cost
 Extra due to deep foundations at site = 1.0 % of
buiding cost
 Contigencies = 2.5 % overall
 Supervision charges = 8 % overall

Design charges = 2.5 % overall
 Example 4
 Prepare a Rough-cost Estimate for obtaining the
administrative approval of the Government for a
hospital project to serve both indoor and outdoor
patiesnts in an important rural area. The hospital will
consist of the following:
 Main administrative office with dispensing
operations, etc.
 Two general wards, each of 20 general beds.
 Superintendent Doctor’s Residence.
 Two Assistant Doctor’s Residences.
 Eight single Nurses Quarters.
 Four Compounder’s
 Quarters.
Twelve lower staff’s Quarters.
 DETAILED ESTIMATE

• Detailed estimates are prepared by carefully

and separately calculating in detail the costs of
various items of the work that constitute the
whole project from the detailed working
drawings after the design has been finalized.

• The mistakes, if any, in the rough cost estimate are

eliminated in the detailed estimate.

• Detailed estimates are submitted to the competent

authorities for obtaining technical sanction.
 DETAILED ESTIMATE

 The whole project is sub-divided into different

items of work or activities. The quantity for each
item is then calculated separately from the
drawings as accurately as possible. The procedure
is known as "taking out of quantities".

 The quantities for each item may be estimated and

shown in the pattern which is called "Bill of
quantities."

 The unit, in which each item of the wok is to be

calculated, should be according to the prevailing
practice as followed in various departments of the
country.
 BILL OF QUANTITIES
Measurements Quantity Total Quantity
Description No Remarks
Sr. No
of item

Length Breadth Height

 PRICED BILL OF QUANTITIES

Sr. No. Description of Item Unit Quantity Rate Cost Remarks

 DETAILED ESTIMATE

 Each item of the work is then multiplied by its

estimated current rate calculated by a fixed procedure
to find out cost of the item.

 At the end, a total of all items of the work are made to

get the total estimated cost.

 The rates are usually as per Schedule of Rates for the

locality plus a premium to allow for rise in labor and
material rates over and above the schedule of
rates.
 A percentage, usually 5% is also provided on the total
estimated cost for the work to allow for the possible
contingencies due to unforeseen items or expenditure
or other causes, besides 2% establishment charges.
 DETAILED ESTIMATE

 Besides drawings and details of measurements and

calculation of quantities (Bill of Quantities), the following
documents are also usually submitted with the detailed
estimate for obtaining Technical Sanction:

1. A report explaining History, necessity, scope and main

features of the project, its design, and estimate, etc.

2. Specifications lying down the nature and class of work

and material to be used in various parts of the work.

3. The abstract of cost (priced Bill of Quantities) showing

the total quantities under each sub-head, rate per unit of
measurement, and cost.

4. Calculation sheets showing calculations for important

parts of the structure. In fact, in estimating the
art and skill lies only in the computation of details
without any omissions, of all parts of the building or
work.
 CLASSIFICATION DEPENDING UPON
PURPOSE OF DETAILED ESTIMATE
1 CONTRACTOR ESTIMATE
It is made by the contractor for determining
the price or prices to be bid.
It is usually a carefully prepared detailed
estimate.

2 ENGINEER’S ESTIMATE

This type of estimate is made by the Engineer

(Consultant) usually for the purposes of
financing the work and for checking bids and
running bills submitted by contractors.
 3- PROGRESS ESTIMATES
• These are made by the Engineer at
regular intervals for the completed parts
of the project during the progress of
the work for determining the amounts
of partial payments to be made to the
contractor.

• On large contracts, such estimates are

commonly made each month and, hence,
are frequently called monthly estimates.
 UNFORESEEN ITEMS IN DETAILED ESTIMATE
• While preparing a detailed estimate, one had to
be very careful to see that all items of the
work are incorporated.
• It is likely that a few Items, though
unimportant in nature, might have been
overlooked and which may result in raising the
estimate of the project.
• There may be also certain unforeseen
circumstances affecting the project.
• Hence, a certain allowance usually 5 to 10% of
the total cost, is made in the estimation which
will take care of all these items that are
unforeseen or are overlooked and are known as
"Contingencies".
 METHODS OF DETAILED ESTIMATE
 The dimensions, length, breadth and height or depth
are to be taken out from the working drawings
(plan, elevation and section).

 Junctions of walls, corners and the meeting points of

walls require special attention.

 For symmetrical footings, which is the usual case,

earthwork in excavation in foundations, foundation
concrete, brickwork in foundation and plinth, and
brickwork in superstructure may be estimated by either
of the two methods:

(1) SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALL METHOD

(2) CENTER LINE METHOD
SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALLS METHOD
• The walls running in one direction are termed as
"long walls” and the walls running in the
transverse direction, as "Short waLls", without
keeping in mind which wall is lesser in length
and which wall is greater in length.
• Lengths of long walls are measured or found
"Out-to out" and those of short walls as "In-
to-in".
• Different quantities are calculated by multiplying
the length by the breadth and the height of the
wall.
• The same rule applies to the excavation in
foundation, to concrete bed in
foundation, D.P.C., masonry in
foundation and super structure etc.
 SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALLS METHOD
• For symmetrical footing on either side, the
center line remains same for super structure,
foundation and plinth. So, the simple method is
to find out the centre-to-centre lengths of long
walls and short walls from the plan.
• Long wall length out-to-out
= Center to center length + half breadth on
one Side + half breadth on other side.

= Center to center length + one breadth

• Short wall length in-to-in = Center to Center

length - one breadth.
SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALLS METHOD
This method can also be worked out in a quicker way., as follows:

 For long walls

• First of all, find the length of the foundation trench of the long
wall “out-to-out” in the same manner as explained above.
• The length of the foundation concrete is the same.
• For the length of the first footing or first step of the brick wall,
subtract two offsets (2x6"=12") in foundation concrete from the
length of the trench or concrete.
• For the second footing subtract from the length of the 1st footing
two offsets (2x2.25"= 4.5"), for 3rd footing subtract from the
length of the 2nd footing 2 offsets (4.5") and in this way
deal with the long walls up to the super-structure.

 For short walls

Follow he same method but instead of subtracting add two

offsets to get the corresponding lengths in-to-in.
 CENTRE LINE METHOD
 In this method, total length of centre lines of walls,
long and short, has to be found out.
 Find the total length of centre lines of walls of same
type, having same type of foundations and footings and
then find the quantities by multiplying the total centre
length by the respective breadth and the height.
 In this method, the length will remain the same for
excavation in foundations, for concrete in foundations,
for all footings, and for superstructure (with slight
difference when there are cross walls or number of
junctions).
 This method is quicker but requires special attention
and considerations at the junctions, meeting points of
partition or cross walls.
 CENTRE LINE METHOD
 For rectangular, circular polygonal (hexagonal,
octagonal etc) buildings having no inter or cross
walls, this method is quite simple.

 For buildings having cross or partition walls, for

every junction, half breadth of the respective
item or footing is to be deducted from the total
centre length.

 Thus in the case of a building with one partition

wall or cross wall having two junctions, deduct
one breadth of the respective item of work from
the total centre length.
 CENTRE LINE METHOD
 For buildings having different types of walls, each set of
walls shall have to be dealt separately.

 Find the total centre length of all walls of one type and
proceed in the same manner as described above. Similarly
find the total centre length of walls of second type and deal
this separately, and so on.

 Suppose the outer walls (main walls) are of A type and

inner cross walls are of B type.

 Then all A type walls shall be taken jointly first, and then all
B type walls shall be taken together separately.

 In such cases, no deduction of any kind need be made for A

type walls, but when B type walls are taken, for each
junction deduction of half breadth of A type walls (main
Walls) shall have to be made from the total centre length of
B type walls.
 CENTRE LINE METHOD

 At corners of the building where two walls

are meeting, no subtraction or addition is
required.

 In the figure, the double cross-hatched

areas marked P,Q,R, & S come twice,
while blank areas, A,B,C, & D do not come
at all, but these portions being equal in
magnitude, we get the correct quantity.
DESCRIPTION AND UNITS OF
MEASUREMENT FOR
COMMON ITEMS
 1 = SITE CLEARANCE WORKS

• This item is described in detail but

the price of this item is usually
indicated as lump sum (LS).

• The cost of this item is provided in

the estimate by judgment, according
to the description of the item and is
indicated as Lump sum (L.S).
 2 = EXCAVATION FOR FOUNDATION TRENCHES

• Earthwork in excavation for foundation

trenches is calculated by taking the
dimensions of each trench as length X
breadth X depth.

• It is measured in cubic ft, cubic yard or

cubic meter, according to the prevailing
practice.

• The payment for this item is generally

done as Rs. per hundred cubic ft.
 FILLING IN TRENCHES
 Filling in trenches after the
construction of foundation
masonry is ordinary neglected. If
the trench filling is, also taken
in account, it may be calculated
by deducing the volume of
masonry in trenches from that
of the volume of excavation.
 3 = FOUNDATION CONCRETE (P.C.C.)
• The type of concrete must be clearly
mentioned. The mix proportions and the type of
cement, sand and coarse aggregate must be
specified.

• This item is measured in cubic ft and the

unit for measurement is, generally Rs. per
100 cubic ft.

• When the soil is soft or weak, one layer of dry

bricks or stone soling is applied below the
foundation concrete. The soling layer is
computed in sq.ft (length X breadth), specifying
the thickness in description of item.
 4 = BRICKWORK IN FOUNDATION UP TO PLINTH

 Care must be taken, while taking dimensions

from the drawings in the bill of quantities
because the walls in this part of the structure
are in the form of steps with changing
dimensions.

 This item is calculated in cft and the unit for

payment is Rs. per 100 cft.

 In the description of work, the quality of bricks

and mortar ratio must be specified. For example,
"Brickwork in foundation and plinth using first
class bricks laid in (1:4) or (1:6) cement-
sand (c/s) mortar———————“
 5 = BRICKWORK IN SUPER STRUCTURE
Important considerations are:

a = Measurements of walls shall be taken in

the same order and in the same manner as
for brickwork in foundations and plinth.

b = In the first measurements, all openings

such as doors, windows, veranda openings etc.
shall be neglected. However, deductions shall
be made for all openings in the walls, at the
end of the item.
 BRICKWORK IN SUPER STRUCTURE (ctd)
c = In the description of the work, the quality
of bricks and mortar ratio have to be specified.

d = Masonry for arches shall be paid separately,

at a different rate.

e = The height of super structure is very

important. Generally the quantities are
worked out for each storey separately
and rates would be different for different
storeis because of additional labor work,
scaffolding and shuttering.

f = The item is worked out in cft and the

standard unit for payment is Rs. Per 100 cft.
 6 = DAMP PROOF COURSE (D.P.C.)
 Horizontal D.P.C. shall extend the full width of
the super structure walls, however, it shall
not
be provided across doorways and veranda
openings. It is also provided in roof and floors.

 Vertical D.P.C. is provided in external walls,

especially, in the walls of basements.

 The quantity of D.P.C. is estimated in square ft.

(on area basis) and standard unit for payment
is Rs. per 100 sft.
 7 = ROOFING & RCC WORKS
 Area of the Roof slab is calculated by taking inside
dimensions of the room plus a bearing of the roof slab
on the walls, on all sides.

 For R.C.C. Roof slabs and beams, the total quantities

of concrete and steel are estimated, separately.

 The quantity of plain concrete is estimated in cft and

the standard unit for payment of concrete is Rs. per
100 cft.

 Volume of Reinforcing Steel is not deducted ,

estimating
while the volume of plain concrete for payment.

 c = R.C.C. lintels over wall openings such as doors

and windows are also included in R.C.C. work.
 ROOFING & RCC WORKS (ctd)
• Roof consisting of beams, battens, and tiles or wooden
planks is estimated for each part, separately.

Steel beam is estimated by weight, whereas, wooden

beam is measured in cft. Battens are estimated by
numbers indicating there size and lengths. Tiles are
also estimated by size and numbers.

• Roof finishing may consist of bitumen coating and/or

Polythene sheets (water proofing) , earth filling (heat
proofing) and brick tiles, etc.

Dimensions are taken from inner face to inner face of

parapet walls.

This item is estimated in sft and a composite rate for

payment is taken as Rs. per 100 sft of the roof area.
 8 = REINFORCEMENT STEEL /
GENERAL STEEL WORK
 Steel is provided separately from R.C.C.
per ton, per Kg, or per cwt (standard
weight also called Quintal or century
weight equal to 112 Ibs = 50Kg).

 Quantity of steel can either be worked

out by rules of thumb practice or by
intensive calculations taking the length
and diameter of steel bars from the
working drawings showing reinforcement
details and bar-bending schedules. In
taking length of bars, due margin of
hooks, bends and overlapping is
given
 REINFORCEMENT STEEL / GENERAL STEEL
WORK (-
ctd-)
 As a Rule Of Thumb Practice,
for ordinary beams and slabs for residences,
assume 6.75 Ibs of steel per cft of R.C.C. work.
However, for R.C.C. columns, it varies from 8
to 10 Ibs per cft., because normally, we use
2% of steel in columns.

 Percentage of steel means, area of steel divided

by total area of the column multiplied by 100
and 1% of steel in columns corresponds to a
quantity of 4.5 Ibs/cft.
 9 = FLOORS
 Cement concrete floors. Mosaic floors, and brick
floors are most commonly used.

 Payments are made separately for different

layers, like, topping, lean concrete, sand filling,
earth filling, etc.

 Earth filling, sand filling and lean concrete

paid
are by volume, whereas, topping is paid
on area basis, mentioning
thickness in the description.

 Standard unit for payment of topping is, usually,

Rs. per 100 sft.

 The skirting is estimated in running ft.

 10 = PLASTERING
 The type of plaster, proportioning of materials
and minimum thickness of plaster have to be
specified.

 The quantity is calculated for total wall surface

without deduction for openings such as doors
windows, ventilators, etc. However, if the wall is
being plastered on both the faces, the deductions
for opening areas are made from one side only.

 Standard unit for payment is Rs. per 100 sft.

 Height is also specified for plastering because, for

greater heights, labor cost increases. The rate
varies according to the number of the storey
 11 = WOODWORK/CARPENTRY
 The type of material used and the quantity of
finish required should be clearly indicated in the
description of the item.

 The rate for any type of woodwork includes

cutting of timber to required sizes, joinery
work, fittings and fastenings, three coats of oil
paints or varnish, bolts, locks, handles, etc.

 The measurements are taken for the overall

area of doors, windows, etc. If volume of
timber required for these items is to be finding
out, the computed area is multiplied with the
nominal thickness and an allowance of 25% is
made for wastage of timber.
WOODWORK/CARPENTRY (-ctd-)
 Rectangular wooden beams, vertical
columns, trusses, etc., are measured in
cft.

 Wooden stairs are measured in number

of steps and description of the item
includes the riser, tread, and width of the
steps.

 Wooden shelves are measured in running

ft (RFT).
 12 = PLUMBING WORK/SANITARY FITTINGS

 For water supply and drainage works in a

building, the pipe lines and sewer lines are
measured in RFT, while other items are
measured in numbers.

 These items include wash hand basins

(W.H.B.), kitchen basins (which may be of
glazed ceramic, mosaic, or stainless steel),
water closets (W.C., which may be of European
type, or local type), flushing tanks (also
known as flushing cisterns), shower rose, and
all type of water tapes.
 PLUMBING WORK/SANITARY FITTINGS (-ctd-)
 Within sewer lines, man holes or inspection chambers are
to be provided at every corner and also at a distance, not
exceeding every 50 ft inside the house and every 100 ft
outside the house.

 The size of man hole may be 2.5ft X 2,5ft for low depths
and 3ft X 3ft, 4ft X 4ft or 5ft X 5ft for deep depths.

 Drainage pipe lines outside the covered area but inside the
boundary wall are, usually, of R.C.C. with minimum
diameter 4 in, however, these are available in different
sizes.

 Inside the building, drainage pipe is, usually, of C.I. with

minimum diameter 3 in.

 Water supply pipes are, usually, G.I. pipes., estimated in

RFT in different dias.

 Other accessories, like sockets, elbows, tees, reducers,

unions, etc., are estimated in numbers.
 13 = ELECTRIC FITTINGS

• All the accessories used in electric

fittings are described in detail and
payment is done in numbers or RFT.

• All wires and pipes are taken in RFT

while other items are taken in No’s.
SOME COMMON RELATIONS
USED IN BUILDING
ESTIMATES
1- MORTARS

(a) Cement-Sand Mortars

120 cft dry yields 100 cft wet

(b) Lime-Sand Mortars

113 cft dry yields 100 cft wet

(C) Cement-Lime-Sand Mortars

112 cft dry yields 100 cft wet

(d) Dry mortar required for 100 sft of ½” thick cement

plaster =6 cft
2- CEMENT CONCRETE
154 cft dry yields 100 cft wet

3- BRICKWORK
(a) 100 cft Brick masonary Bricks ------------1350
Dry Mortar ------- 30 cft
Wet Mortar ------- 25 cft

(b) 100 sft surface area using bricks on bed

Bricks --------------360
Mortar ------------- 9 cft

(b) 100 sft surface area using bricks on edge

Bricks --------------540
Mortar ------------- 13 cft
 4- POINTING PER 1000 SFT AREA

Ingredient 1:1 1:2 1:3

Cement 8 cft 5 cft 3.8 cft
Sand 8 cft 10 cft 11.4 cft

5- EARTHWORK
Output of labor assuming one man working 8 hours per day with lift up to
5 ft or less

TYPE OF SOIL EXCAVATION PER DAY

Medium Soil 75 – 100 cft
Hard / Stiff Soil 50 – 75 cft
Rocky Soil 25 – 30 cft
6- BITUMEN

Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (first coat) = 15 Kg

Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (second = 10 Kg

coat)

7- CEMENT
1 Bag ------------- 50 Kg (Weight), 1.25 cft (Volume)

8- SPECIFIC WEIGHTS
RCC --------------- 150 lbs / cft

PCC --------------- 145 lbs / cft

Aggregate ------- 166 lbs / cft

 9- TIMBER

Timber 100 sft of Panelled Doors and

for = 13 cft
Windows
Timber for 100 of Glazed windows and
sft
Ventilators = 8 cft

10- WHITE WASH

Lime for 100 sft of white wash (one coat) = 1.00 Kg

ESTIMATION OF A SIMPLE
BUILDING
PLAN
FOUNDATIONS
 SPECIFICATIONS
 Clear height of rooms: 12’
 Clear height of Verandah: 10’-0”
 Plinth level: 1’-6”
 Thickness of roof slab: 4”
 Thickness of RCC shade: 3”
 Depth of RCC Beams in Verandah: 1’-6” below verandah slab
 Parapet wall: 1’-0” (Clear height above roof tiles)
 Ventilators (4 No.): 2’-6” x 1’-6”
 RCC lintel: 6” in depth
 Damp proof coarse: 1 ½”thick PCC (1:2:4) + 2 coats of hot
bitumen + polythene sheet
 Full foundation up to plinth level along verandah periphery is
provided
 Internal finishes: Three coats of white wash/distemper paint
 External finishes: Three coats of Weather shield paint
 Center to Center Lengths

 L1 = (10’-0”) + (12’-0”) + (0’-4 ½”) + (0’-4 ½”) +

(0’-4 ½”) = 23’-1 ½”

 S1& S2 = (12’-0”) + (0’-4 ½”) + (0’-4 ½”) = 12’-9”

 S3 = (8’-0”) + (0’-4 ½”) - (0’-4 ½”) = 8’-0”

 BILL OF QUANTITIES
1- CIVIL WORKS
S. Description of item No Measurement Quantity Total Quantity Remarks
No
Length Breadth Depth

1 Earthwork for
excavation
in
foundation
trenches
L1 3 25’-7 ½ //
2’-6” 3’-6” 224.22 cft 672.66 cft L = 23’-1 ½”+2’-6” = 25’-7 ½”

S1 2 10’-3” 2’-6” 3’-6” 89.69 cft 179 .38 cft L = 12’-9”-(2’-6)” = 10’-3”

S2 1 10’-3” 2’-1 ½ ” 3’-6” 76.23 cft 76.23 cft L = 12’-9”-(2’-6)” = 10’-3”

S3 2 5’-6” 2’-6” 3’-6” 48.13 cft 96.25 cft L = 8’-0”-(2’-6)” = 5’-6”

Total = 1024.52 cft

2 Earth work in
filing under
floors
Room No.1 1 12’- 12’-0” 0’-6 ½ ” 78.00 cft 78.00 cft D = 1’-6”-(0’-11 ½”) = 6 1/2”
0”

Room No.2 1 10’- 12’-0” 0’-6 ½ ” 65.00 cft 65.00 cft

0”

Veranda 1 22’-4 ½ ” 7’-3” 0’-6 ½” 87.87 cft 87.87 cft L = 10’-0”+(0’-4½”)+(12’-0”)

= 22’-4 ½”
B = 8’-0”-(0’-9)”= 7’-3”

Total = 230.87 cft

3
P.C.C (1:4:8) in Length & Breadth
foundation using same as for
crushed or Foundation trenches
broken stones (Item No. 1)

L1 3 25’-7 ½ ” 2’-6” 0’-6” 32.00 cft 96.00 cft

S1 2 10’- 2’-6” 0’-6” 12.81 cft 25.63 cft

3”

S2 1 10’- 2’-1 ½” 0’-6” 10.89 cft 10.89 cft

3

S3 2 5’- 2’-6” 0’-6” 6.87 cft 13.75 cft

6

Total= 146.27 cft

4 Burnt brick work
in foundation and
plinth using first
class bricks in
(1:6) cements
sand mortar.
(a) L1

1st step 3 24’-7 ½ ” 1’-6” 0’-6” 18.47 cft 55.40 cft L = 23’-1½”+(1’-6”) = 24’-7½”

2nd step 3 24’- 1’-1 ½ “ 0’-6” 13.64 cft 40.92 cft L = 23’-1½”+(1’-1½”) = 24’-3”
3”

3rd step up to plinth 3 23’-10 ½” 0’-9” 3’-4 ½” 60.43 cft 181.30 L = 23’-1½”+(0’-9”) =
level cft 23’-10½”
D = 2’-0” +(1’-6”) –
(0’-1 ½”)
= 3’-4 ½”
Total= 277.62
cft
(b) S1

1st step 2 11’- 1’-6” 0’-6” 8.44 cft 16.88 cft L = 12’-9”-(1’-6”) = 11’-3”
3”

2nd step 2 11’-7 ½ ” 1’-1 ½ ” 0’-6” 6.54 cft 13.08 cft L = 12’-9”-( 1’-1½”) = 11’-7½”

3rd step up to plinth 2 12’-0” 0’-9” 3’-4 ½ ” 30.37 cft 60.75 cft L = 12’-9”-( 0’-9”) = 12’-0”
level

Total= 90.71 cft

(c) S2

1st step 11’-3” 1’-1 ½ ” 0’-6” 6.33 cft 6.33 cft L = 12’-9”-(1’-6 ”) = 11’-3”

11’-7 ½ ” 0’-9 ” 0’-6” 4.36 cft 4.36 cft L = 12’-9”-( 1’-1½”)= 11’-7½”
1
12’-0” 0’-4 ½ ” 3’-4 ½ ” 15.19 cft 15.19 cft L = 12’-9”-( 0’-9”) = 12’-0”
2nd level
step
1 3rd step up to Total= 25.88 cft
plinth 1

(d)S3

1st step 6’-6” 1’-6” 0’-6” 4.87 cft 9.75 cft L = 8’-0”-(1’6”) = 6’-6’
2 6’-10 ½ ” 1’-1 ½” 0’-6” 3.86 cft 7.73 cft L = 8’-0”-(1’-1½”) = 6’-10½”
2 step
nd
3rd step up to plinth 7’-3” 0’-9” 3’-4 ½ ” 18.35 cft 36.70 cft L = 8’-0”-(0’-9”) = 7’-3”
2
2
level
Total= 54.18 cft

(e) steps in front of

verandah

1st step 23’-10 ½” 2’-0” 0’-6” 23.88 cft 23.88 cft L = 23’-1½”+(0’-4½”) +
1 (0’-4½”) =23’-10½”

2nd step 23’-10 ½” 1’-0” 0’-6” 11.94 cft 11.94 cft

1

Total= 35.82 cft

G.Total= 484.21 cft

5
1-1/2” thick P.C.C Length &
(1:2:4) in DPC Breadth same
including two as for plinth
wall
coats of hot
bitumen &
2 layers of
Polythene sheet

L1 2 23’-10 ½” 0’-9” - 17.9 sft 35.81 sft

S1 2 12’- 0’-9” - 9.00 sft 18.00 sft

0”

S2 1 12’- 0’-4 ½” - 4.5 sft 4.50 sft

0”

Verandah columns 3 0’- 0’-9” - 0.56 sft 1.69 sft

9”

Total = 60.00 sft

Deduction of Door sills 1 4’- 0’-9” - 3.00 sft 3.00 sft

0”

1 4’- 0’-4 ½” - 1.50 sft 1.50sft

0’

Total= 4.50 sft

Net Total = 55.50 sft

6 Length & Breadth
Brick work in
super structure same as for plinth
using first class wall
bricks in (1:4)
cement sand
mortar
L1 2 23’-10 ½” 0’-9” 13’-10 ½” 248.45 cft 496.90 cft H = 12’-0” (Room height) +
0’-4” ( Slab) + 0’-4’’ (Earth
filling) + 0’-1”(Mud plaster)
+ 0’-1½” (Tiles) + 1’-0”
(P. wall)
= 13’-10½”

S1 2 12’-0” 0’-9” 13’-10 ½” 124.87 cft 249.75 cft

S2 1 12’-0” 0’-4½ ” 12’-0” 54.00 cft 54.00 cft No Parapet Walls

Verandah columns 3 0’-9” 0’-9” 8’-6” 4.78 cft 14.34 cft H=10’-0”- (1’-6”)=8’-6”

Verandah parapet walls

(i) L1 1 23’-10 ½” 0’-9” 1’-6 ½” 27.60 cft 27.60 cft H = 0’-4” (Earth filling) + 0’-
1” (Mud plaster) +
0’-1½” (Tiles) + 1’-0” (P.
walls) = 1’-6½”

(ii) S3 2 7’-3” 0’-9” 1’-6 ½ ” 8.38 cft 16.76 cft

Total= 859.35 cft

Deduction
Doors 1 4’-0” 0’-9” 7’-0” 21.00 cft 21.00 cft
1 4’-0” 0’-4 ½ ” 7’-0” 10.5 cft 10.50 cft

Windows 3 4’-0” 0’-9” 4’-0” 12.00 cft 36.0 cft

Ventilators 4 2’-6” 0’-9” 1’--6” 2.81 cft 11.25 cft

Shelves 2 4’-0” 0’-6” 5’-0” 10.00 cft 20.00 cft

RCC lintels over
(i)doors 1 5’-0” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 1.87 cft
1 5’-0” 0’-4 ½ ” 0’-6’ 0.93 cft 0.93 cft

(ii)Windows 3 5’-0” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 5.62 cft

(iii)Ventilators 4 3’-6” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.31 cft 5.25 cft
(iv)Shelves 2 5’-0” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 3.75 cft
Total = 116.18 cft
Net Total = 743.17 cft
7 Reinforced There is 4½”
cement bearing of
concrete slabs on allboth
walls
(1:2:4) as in
roof slab,
lintels,
columns,
beams etc.,
(reinforcement
will be
measured
separately)

Roof slab of 1 23’-1 ½” 12’-9” 0’-4” 98.28 cft 98.28 cft L = 10”-0” + 12’-0” +
rooms 0’-4½” + 0’-9” (2
bearings) = 23’-1½”
B = 12’-0” + 0-
4½”(bearing) + 0’-
4½”(bearing) = 12’-9”
Roof slab of 1 23’-10 ½ ” 8’-4 ½ ” 0’-4” 66.65 cft 66.65 cft B = 8’-0” + 0’-4½”
Verandah (bearing) = 8’-4½”

Verandah
Long beam 1 23’-1 0½” 0’-9” 1’-6” 26.86 cft 26.86 cft
Short 2 7’-7 ½ ” 0’-9” 1’-6” 8.59 cft 17.18 cft L=8’-0”-(0’-9”) (0’-
+ 4½”) = 7’-7½”
beam
Lintels
Doors 1 5’- 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 1.87 cft
0” 0’-4½ ” 0’-6’ 0.93 cft 0.93 cft
Windows 1 3 5’-
5’- 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 5.62 cft
0”
Ventilators 0”
4 3’- 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.31 cft 5.25 cft
Shelves 6” 0’-9” 0’-6’ 1.87 cft 3.75 cft
Shades 2
2 5’-
5’- 1’-6” 0’-3” 1.87 cft 3.75 cft
0”
0” Total= 226.39 cft
8 Mild steel round 6.75 lbs/cft
bars as steel of
reinforcement 226.39
including cutting, cft
bending, binding concrete
and placing =1528.13
reinforcement in lbs
position

Total= 1529.00 lbs

9 Roof insulation
comprising of
2 coats of
bitumen, 4” thick
hot
earth filling, 1”
mud plaster
thick 1-1/2” thick
and tiles
brick
jointed pointed
and
cementin sand mortar
(1:3)

Rooms (1 & 2) 1 22’-4 ½ ” 12’- - 268.50 268.5 sft L = 10’-0”+ (12”-

0” sft 0”) + (0’-4½”)
= 22’- 4-½”
Verandah 1 22’-4 ½ ” 7’- - 162.22 162.22 cft B = 8’- 0”- (0’-9”) =
3” cft 7’-3”
Total = 430.72 sft
10 Sand under floors
Room No.1 1 10’-0” 12’-0” 0’-6” 60.00 cft 60.00 cft
Room 1 12’-0” 12’-0” 0’-6” 72.00 cft 72.00 cft
No.2
Verandah 1 22’-4½ ” 7’-3” 0’-6” 81.11 cft 81.11 cft
Total = 213.11 cft
11 Cement
concrete (1:4:8)
layer as
of floors
under
Room No.1 1 10’-0” 12’-0” 0’-4” 40.00 cft 40.00 cft
Room No.2 1 12’-0” 12’-0” 0’-4” 48.00 cft 48.00 cft
Verandah 1 22’-4 ½ ” 7’-3” 0’-4” 54.07 cft 54.07 cft
Total = 142.07 cft
12 1-1/2” thick
cement
concrete
(1:2:4) as
top layer of
floor, finished
smooth

Room No.1 1 10’-0” 12’-0” - 120.00 120.00 sft

sft
Room No.2 1 12’-0” 12’-0” - 144.00 144.00 sft
sft
Verandah 1 23’-10 ½” 8’-0” - 191.00 191.00 sft L = 10’-0” + (12’-0”) +
sft (0’-4 ½ ”) + (0’-9”) +
(0’-9”) = 23’-10 ½ ”
Door sill 1 1 4’-0’ 0’-9” - 3.00 sft 3.00 sft
Door sill 1 1 4’-0” 0’-4 ½ - 1.50sft 1.50sft
”
Total= 459.5 sft
Deduction
Columns 3 0’-9” - 0.56 sft 1.68sft
0’-
Net 457.80 sft
9” Total=
13
½” thick (1:3)
cement sand
plaster to
walls finished
smooth
Inner side
Room No.1 (Long wall) 2 12’- - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
0”
Room No.1(Short wall) 2 10’- - 12’-0” 120.00 sft 240.00 sft
0”
Room No.1 (Ceiling) - 12’-0” 120.00 sft 120.00 sft
1 10’-
Room No.2 (Long wall) - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
0”
Room No.2(Short wall) 2 12’- - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
2 12’-
0”
Room No.2 (Ceiling) 0” - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 144.00 sft
1 12’-
Verandah wall 1 23’-10 ½” - 10’-0” 238.75 sft 238.75 sft L = (10’-0”) + (12’-0”) +
0”
(0’-4½ “) +(0’-9”)+ (0’-9”)
= 23’-10 ½ “
Verandah ceiling 1 22’-4 ½” - 7’ –3” 162.26 sft 162.26 sft L = (10’-0”)+(12’-0”)

+(0’-4 ½ “) = 22’-½“
Columns 3 3’- - 8’-6” 25.50 sft 76.5 sft L = (0’-9”) + (0’-9”) +
0” (0’-9”) + (0’-9”) = 3’-0 ”
Long beam 1 22’-4 ½” - 1’-6” 33.55 sft 33.55 sft
(internal side)
Long beam (soffit) 2 10’-9 ¾” - 0’-9” 8.10 sft 16.21 sft L={(22’-4 ½”)-(0’-9”)}/2
=10’-9¾”
Short beam 2 7’- - 1’-6” 10.87 sft 21.74 sft L={(8’-0”)-(0’-9”)}
(internal sides) 3” = 7’-3”

Short beam (soffit) 2 7’- - 0’-9” 5.43 sft 10.87 sft

3”
Door jambs 2 0’-9” - 7’-0” 5.25 sft 10.50 sft
2 0’-4½” - 7’-0” 2.63 sft 5.25 sft
1 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.0 sft 1.50 sft

1 0’-4½” - 4’-0” 1.50 sft 3.00 sft

Window jambs 6 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.00 sft 18.00 sft

6 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.00 sft 18.00 sft
Ventilator jambs 8 0’-9” - 2’-6” 1.88 sft 15.00 sft

8 0’-9” - 1’-6” 1.19 sft 9.00 sft

Shelves 4 0’-6” - 5’-0” 2.5 sft 10.00 sft

4 0’-6” - 4’-0” 2.0 sft 8.00 sft

Outer side
Rear wall 1 23’-10 ½” - 15’- 379.00 379.00 sft H = (0’-6”) + (1’-6”) +
10½” sft (12’-0”) + (0’-4”) + (0’-
(From 6” below 4’’) + (0’-1”) + (0’-1½”)
G.L. + (1’-0”)
to walls) Parapet = 15’-10½”
Left & Right 2 13’-6” - 15’- 214.32 428.64 sft L= (12’-0”) + (0’-9”) +
side wall 10½” sft (0’-9”)
= 13’-6”
Front side 1 23’-10 ½” - 3’-0” 71.63 sft 71.63 sft H = (12’-0”) + 0’-10½”)
(above verandah + (1’-0”) - (10’-10 ½” )
roof) = 3’-0”
Left & Right 2 8’-0” - 2’-0” 16.00 sft 32.00 sft H = (1’ – 6’’) + (0’ – 6’’)
plinth
side of verandah = 2’ – 0’’
Parapet wall
Inner side of rooms 2 22’-4 ½” - 1’-0” 22.37 sft 44.70 sft L = (10’-0”)+(12’-0”)
+(0’-4 ½ “)
= 22’-4 ½ “
2 12’-0” - 1’-0” 12.00 sft 24.00 sft
Inner side 1 22’-4 ½” - 1’-0” 22.37 sft 22.37 sft
of Verandah
2 7’-3 - 1’-0” 7.25 sft 14.50 sft
Outer side “1 23’-10 ½” - 67.66sft 67.66 sft H = (1’-6”)+(0’-4”)
+(0’-6 ½”) + (1’-0 “)
of Verandah 3’- 4 ½” = 3’-4 1/2//

2 8’-0” - 2’- 22.67 sft 45.33 sft

Top of parapet wall 2 23’-10 ½” 10” 17.9 sft 35.80 sft
(Rooms) - 0’-9”
2 12’-0” - 0’-9” 9.00 sft 18.00 sft
Top of parapet wall 1 23’-10 ½” - 0’-9” 17.90 sft 17.90 sft
(Verandah)
2 7’-3” - 0’-9” 5.43 sft 10.87 sft
Steps
2 23’-10 ½” - 1’-0” 23.87 sft 47.74 sft
Tread
Riser 3 23’-10 ½” - 0’-6” 11.93 sft 35.80 sft
2 2’ – 00’’ 0’-6” 1.00 sft 2.00 sft
Sides 2 1’ – 00’’ 0’-6” 0.5 sft 1.00 sft
3316.07 sft
Deduction Total=
Doors 2 4’-0’ - 7’-0” 28.00 sft 56.00 sft
Windows 3 4’-0’ - 4’-0” 16.00 sft 48.00 sft
Ventilators 4 2’-6” - 1’-6” 3.75 sft 15.00 sft
Total= 119.00 sft
Net Total= 3197.07 sft
14 Wood work as
in
(i) 1 ½” thick 2 4’- - 7’- 28.00 sft 56.00 sft
wooden doors 0’ 0”
with chowkat,.
Total = 56.00 sft
(ii) Glazed and 3 4’- - 4’- 16.00 sft 48.00 sft
gauzed windows 0’ 0”
and ventilators.
4 2’- - 1’- 3.75 sft 15.00 sft
6’ 6”
Total = 63.00 sft
G.Total 119.00 sft
=
15 Three coats of - - - - - .(2 x Qty of item
painting to No.14)
doors , = 238.0 sft
windows and
ventilators
Total 238.00 sft
16 Three coats of
distempering/
white washing to
walls
(Internal Side)
Room No.1 2 12’- - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
(Long 0”
wall)
2 10’- - 12’-0” 120.00 sft 240.00 sft
Room
(Short No.1
wall) 0”
Room No.1 (Ceiling) 1 10’- - 12’-0” 120.00 sft 120.00 sft
0”
Room No.2 2 12’- - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
(Long 0”
wall)
2 12’- - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 288.00 sft
Room
(Short No.2
wall) 0”
Room No.2 (Ceiling) 1 12’-0” - 12’-0” 144.00 sft 144.00 sft
Verandah wall 1 23’-10 ½” - 10’-0” 238.75 sft 238.75 sft
Verandah Ceiling 1 22’-4 ½” - 7’ –3” 162.26 sft 162.26 sft
Columns 3 3’-0” - 8’-6” 25.50 sft 76.50 sft
Long beam (sides) 1 22’-4 ½” - 1’-6” 33.55 sft 33.55 sft
Long beam 2 10’-9 ¾” - 0’-9” 8.10 sft 16.21 sft L= {(22’-4 ½”)-(0’-9”)}/2
= 10’-9¾”
(soffit)
Short beam (sides) 2 7’- - 1’-6” 10.87 sft 21.74 sft
3”
Short beam - 0’-9” 5.43 sft 10.87 sft
2 7’-
(soffit)
3”
Door jambs 2 0’-9” - 7’-0” 5.25 sft 10.50 sft
2 0’- - 7’-0” 2.63 sft 5.25 sft
4½”
- 4’-0” 3.0 sft 1.50 sft
1 0’-9”
1 0’-4½” - 4’-0” 1.50 sft 3.00 sft
Window jambs 6 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.00 sft 18.00 sft
6 0’-9” - 4’-0” 3.00 sft 18.00 sft
Ventilator jambs 8 0’-9” - 2’-6” 1.88 sft 15.00 sft
8 0’-9” - 1’-6” 1.19 sft 9.00 sft
Shelves 4 0’-6” - 5’-0” 2.5 sft 10.00 sft
4 0’-6” - 4’-0” 2.0 sft 10.00 sft
Total = 2017.16 sft
Deduction
Doors 4 4’- - 7’-0” 28.00 sft 112.00 sft
0’
Windows - 4’-0” 16.00 sft 64.00 sft
4 4’-
Ventilators 6 2’-6” - 1’-6” 3.75 sft 22.50 sft
0’
Total= 142.5 sft
Net 1874.66 sft
Total =
17 Three coats of
Weather
shield paint to
(External side)
walls.
Rear wall 1 23’-10 ½” - 15’- 367.07 sft 367.07 sft H = ={(15’-10 ½”)-
4½” (0’-6”) = 15’-4 1/2”
Left & Right side wall 2 13’- - 15’- 207.5 sft 415.13 sft
6” 4½”
Front side 1 23’- - 3’- 71.63 sft 71.63 sft
(above verandah 10½” 0”
roof)
Left & Right side wall 2 8’- - 2’- 16.00 sft 32.00 sft
of verandah 0” 0”
Parapet wall
Inner side of rooms 2 22’-4 ½” - 1’- 22.37 sft 44.70 sft
0”
2 12’-0” 12.00 sft 24.00 sft
- 1’-
Inner side 1 22’-4 ½” 22.37 sft 22.37 sft
0”
of Verandah
- 1’-
2 7’- - 1’- 7.25 sft 14.50 sft
0”
3” 0”
Outer side 1 23’- - 2’-10½ ” 67.66 sft 67.66 sft
of Verandah 10½”
2 8’- - 2’-10½ ” 22.67 sft 45.32 sft
0”
Top of parapet wall 2 23’-10 ½” - 0’- 17.9 sft 35.80 sft
(Rooms) 9”
2 12’-0” - 0’- 9.00 sft 18.00 sft
9”
Top of parapet wall 17.90 sft 17.90 sft
(Rooms) 1 23’-10 ½” - 0’-
9”
2 7’- - 0’- 5.43 sft 10.87 sft
3” 9”
Total= 1186.95 sft
Deduction

Windows 2 4’- - 4’-0” 16.00 sft 32.00 sft

0’
Ventilators 2 2’-6” - 1’-6” 3.75 sft 7.50 sft
Total= 39.50 sft
Net 1147.45 sft
Total=
ABSTRACT OF QUANTITIES
 1- CALCULATIONS

1. Excavation in Medium soil

Quantity from BOQ item No. 1 = 1024.52 cft

Output of one labourer working 8 hrs = 75 cft

04 labourers are required for 3 ½ days to

excavate 1050 cft earth.
2. PCC (1:4:8)
Quantity of BOQ item No.3 (Foundations) = 146.27 cft
Quantity of BOQ item No.11 (Floors) = 142.07 cft
Total = 288.34 cft
Dry material for 100 cft of cement concrete = 154 cft

Note:
Materials
(i) Cement=154x1x288.34/(100x13) = 34.15cft
(ii) Sand=154x4x288.34/(100x13) = 136.62 cft
(iii) Coarse aggregate
=154x8x288.34/(100x13) = 273.25 cft
3. Ist Class Burnt brick work in
foundation in cement sand mortar (1:6)
Quantity of BOQ item No.4 = 484.21 cft

Note: Bricks for 100 cft of brick work = 1350 Nos.

Dry mortar for 100 cft of brik work = 30 cft

Material
(i) Bricks=1350x484.21/100 = 6537 Nos.
(ii) Cement=30x1x484.21/(7x100) = 20.75 cft
(iii) Sand=30x6x484.21/(7x100) = 124.51cft
4. 1 ½” thick PCC (1:2:4) in DPC including
two coats of hot bitumen & 2 sheets
of
Polythene.
Quantity of BOQ item No.5=55.50x0.125 = 6.93 cft

Note: (i) Dry material for 100 cft of cement concrete = 154 cft
(ii) Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (first coat) = 15 Kg
(iii) Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (second coat) = 10 Kg

Material
(i) Cement=154x1x6.93/(100x7) = 1.52 cft
(ii) Sand=154x2x6.93/(100x7) = 3.04 cft
(iii) Coarse aggregate=154x4x6.93/(100x7) = 6.09 cft
(iv) Bitumen =25x55.50/100 = 13.87 Kg
(v) Polythene Sheet (2 x 55.5) = 111.0 sft
5. Ist Class Burnt brick work in
Super structure in cement sand mortar
(1:4)

Quantity of BOQ item No.6 = 743.17 cft

Note: (i) Bricks for 100 cft of brick work = 1350 Nos.

(ii) Dry mortar for 100 cft of brik work = 30 cft

Material

(i) Bricks=1350x743.17/100 = 10033 Nos.

(ii) Cement=30x1x743.17/(5x100) = 44.59 cft

(iii) Sand=30x4x747.13/(5x100) = 178.36 cft

6. Reinforced cement concrete (1:2:4)
Quantity of BOQ item No.7 = 226.39 cft

Note: Dry material for 100 cft of = 154 cft

cement concrete

Materials
(i) Cement=154x1x226.39/(100x7) = 49.80 cft
(ii) Sand=154x2x226.39/(100x7) = 99.61 cft
(iii) Coarse aggregate
=154x4x226.39/(100x7) = 199.22 cft
(iv) Mild steel round bars = 1529
lbs
(Note: 1 Kg = 0.454 lbs) = 693.55 Kg
7. Roof insulation
Quantity of BOQ item No.9 = 430.72 sft

Note: (i) Brick tiles for 100 sft roof insulation = 360 Nos.
(ii) Dry mortar for 100 sft = 9.00 cft
(iii) Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC (first coat) = 15 Kg
(iv) Bitumen for 100 sft of DPC
(second coat) = 10
Material Kg

(i) 1 ½” thick brick tiles = 1551 Nos.

(ii) Cement=9x1x430.72/(4x100) = 9.69 cft
(iii) Sand=9x4x430.72/(4x100) = 29.07 cft
(iv) Bitumen =430.72/100 = 107.68 Kg
(v) Mud /Earth filling=430.72x0.42 = 180.90 cft
(Vi) Polythene sheet (2 x 430.72) = 862 sft
8. Sand under floors
Quantity of BOQ item No.10 = 213.11 cft
Material
Sand = 213.11 cft
9. 1 ½” thick cement concrete (1:2:4) in
floors
Quantity of BOQ item No.12=457.80x0.125 = 57.23 cft

Note: (i) 1 ½” = 0.125 ft = 154 cft

(ii) Dry material for 100 cft of cement
concrete
Materials
(i) Cement=154x1x57.23/(100x7) = 12.59 cft
(ii) Sand=154x2x57.23/(100x7) = 25.18 cft
(iii) Coarse aggregate
=154x4x57.23/(100x7) = 50.36 cft
10. 1/2” thick cement plaster in cement sand
mortar (1:3)
Quantity of BOQ item No.13 = 3197.07 sft

Note: Dry mortar for 100 sft of ½” thick cement plaster = 6 cft

Material
(i) Cement=6x1x 3197.07/(4x100) = 47.96 cft
(ii) Sand=6x3x 3197.07/(4x100) = 143.87 cft

11. Wood work in door, windows ventilators

Quantity of BOQ item No.14 (i) Doors = 56.00 sft
Quantity of BOQ item No.14 (ii) Windows = 63.00 sft

Note: (i) Timber for 100 sft of Panelled Doors = 13 cft

(ii)Timber for 100 sft of Glazed windows and
Ventilators = 8 cft

Material
(i) Timber for doors =13x56/100 = 7.28 cft
(ii)Timber for windows and = 5.04 cft
Ventilators
=8x63/100
= 13.32 cft
Total
12. White wash / Distemper
Quantity of BOQ item No.16 = 1872.9 sft
Note: Lime for 100 sft of white wash (one coat) = 1.00 Kg

Material
Lime for three coats=1x3x1872.9/100 = 56.24 Kg

13. Weather Shield

Quantity of BOQ item No.17 = 1143.45 sft

14. Earth filling under floors

Quantity of BOQ item No.2 = 230.87 cft

Material
Earth for filling = 230.87 cft
 2- SUMMARY
S.No. Description of material Quantity

1. Cement 220.68 cft or

(From 2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10) 177 Bags
2. Sand 740.26 cft
(From 2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10)
3. Coarse aggregate 528.92 cft
(From 2,4,6,9)
4. Mild steel round bars (item No: 6) 693.55 Kg
5 Burnt bricks 1st class 16570 Nos.
(From 3,5)
6 1/2” thick Brick tiles (item No: 7) 1551 Nos.
7 Bitumen 121.55 Kg
(From 4,7)
8 Polythene sheet 973 sft
(From 4,7)
9. Timber 13.32 cft
(item No: 11)
10. Lime 56.24 Kg
(item No: 12)

11. Mud/Earth filling 411.77 cft

(From 7,13)